Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement - RCEP (2020)
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(1) Where a Party has made a reservation with respect to permanent residents in its Schedules in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services), Annex III (Schedules of Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures for Services and Investment), or Annex IV (Schedules of Specific Commitments on Temporary Movement of Natural Persons), that reservation shall not prejudice that Party’s rights and obligations in GATS.
(2) Where the service is not supplied directly by a juridical person but through other forms of commercial presence such as a branch or a representative office, the service supplier (i.e. the juridical person) shall, nonetheless, through such presence be accorded the treatment provided for service suppliers under this Agreement. Such treatment shall be extended to the presence through which the service is supplied and need not be extended to any other parts of the supplier located outside the territory where the service is supplied.
(3) The Parties confirm their shared understanding that "service supplier" in this Chapter has the same meaning that it has under subparagraph (g) of Article XXVIII of GATS.

Article 8.2. Scope

1. This Chapter shall apply to measures by a Party affecting trade in services.

2. For the purposes of this Chapter, "measures by a Party" means measures taken by:

(a) central, regional, or local governments and authorities of that Party; and

(b) non-governmental bodies in the exercise of powers delegated by central, regional, or local governments or authorities of that Party.

In fulfilling its obligations and commitments under this Chapter, each Party shall take such reasonable measures as may be available to it to ensure their observance by regional and local governments and authorities and non-governmental bodies within its territory.

3. This Chapter shall not apply to:

(a) government procurement;

(b) subsidies or grants, including government-supported loans, guarantees, and insurance, provided by a Party or to any conditions attached to the receipt or continued receipt of such subsidies or grants, whether or not such subsidies or grants are offered exclusively to domestic services, service consumers, or service suppliers;

(c) services supplied in the exercise of governmental authority;

(d) cabotage in maritime transport services; and

(e) air transport services, measures affecting traffic rights however granted, or measures affecting services directly related to the exercise of traffic rights, other than measures affecting:(4)

(i) aircraft repair and maintenance services;

(ii) the selling and marketing of air transport services;

(iii) computer reservation system services;

(iv) specialty air services;

(v) ground handling services; and

(vi) airport operation services.

4. This Chapter shall not apply to measures affecting natural persons seeking access to the employment market of a Party, nor shall it apply to measures regarding nationality, citizenship, residence or employment on a permanent basis.

5. For greater certainty, Annex 8A (Financial Services), Annex 8B (Telecommunications Services), and Annex 8C (Professional Services) are an integral part of this Chapter.

(4) Notwithstanding subparagraphs (iv) through (vi), this Chapter shall apply to measures affecting specialty air services, ground handling services, and airport operation services only for a Party that opts to make commitments in relation to such services in accordance with Article 8.3 (Scheduling of Commitments).

Article 8.3. Scheduling of Commitments

1. Each Party shall make commitments under Article 8.4 (National Treatment) and Article 8.5 (Market Access) in accordance with either Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) or Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures).

2. A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) shall make commitments under the applicable paragraphs in Article 8.4 (National Treatment) and Article 8.5 (Market Access), and shall also make commitments under either Article 8.6 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment) or Article 8.10 (Transparency List). A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) may also make commitments under Article 8.9 (Additional Commitments).

3. A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures) shall make commitments under the applicable paragraphs in Article 8.4 (National Treatment), Article 8.5 (Market Access), Article 8.6 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment), and Article 8.11 (Local Presence). A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures) may also make commitments under Article 8.9 (Additional Commitments).

4. Notwithstanding paragraph 2, Least Developed Country Parties which are Member States of ASEAN making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) are not obliged to make commitments under either Article 8.6 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment) or Article 8.10 (Transparency List). These Parties may, however, do so on a voluntary basis.

Article 8.4. National Treatment

1. A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) shall, in the sectors inscribed in its Schedule in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services) and subject to any conditions and qualifications set out therein, accord to services and service suppliers of any other Party, in respect of all measures affecting the supply of services, treatment no less favourable than that it accords to its own like services and service suppliers. (5)

2. A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures) shall accord to services and service suppliers of any other Party, in respect of all measures affecting the supply of services, treatment no less favourable than that it accords to its own like services and service suppliers, subject to its non-conforming measures as provided in Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures).(6)

3. A Party may meet the requirement under paragraph 1 or 2 by according to services and service suppliers of any other Party, either formally identical treatment or formally different treatment to that it accords to its own like services and service suppliers.

4. Formally identical or formally different treatment shall be considered to be less favourable if it modifies the conditions of competition in favour of services or service suppliers of the Party compared to like services or service suppliers of any other Party.

(5) Specific commitments assumed under this Article shall not be construed to require any Party to compensate for any inherent competitive disadvantages which result from the foreign character of the relevant services or service suppliers.
(6) Nothing in this Article shall be construed to require any Party to compensate for any inherent competitive disadvantages which result from the foreign character of the relevant services or service suppliers.

Article 8.5. Market Access

1. With respect to market access through the modes of supply identified in subparagraph (r) of Article 8.1 (Definitions), a Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) shall accord services and service suppliers of any other Party treatment no less favourable than that provided for under the terms, limitations, and conditions agreed and specified in its Schedule in Annex II (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services). (7)

2. The measures which a Party shall not adopt or maintain either on the basis of a regional subdivision or on the basis of its entire territory, either in sectors where market access commitments are undertaken and in accordance with its specific commitments, as provided in Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments), or subject to its non-conforming measures, as provided in the Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Confirming Measures), are defined as:

(a) limitations on the number of service suppliers whether in the form of numerical quotas, monopolies, exclusive service suppliers or the requirements of an economic needs test;

(b) limitations on the total value of service transactions or assets in the form of numerical quotas or the requirement of an economic needs test;

(c) limitations on the total number of service operations or on the total quantity of service output expressed in terms of designated numerical units in the form of quotas or the requirement of an economic needs test; (8)

(d) limitations on the total number of natural persons that may be employed in a particular service sector or that a service supplier may employ and who are necessary for, and directly related to, the supply of a specific service in the form of numerical quotas or the requirement of an economic needs test;

(e) measures which restrict or require specific types of legal entity or joint venture through which a service supplier may supply a service; and

(f) limitations on the participation of foreign capital in terms of maximum percentage limit on foreign shareholding or the total value of individual or aggregate foreign investment.

(7) If a Party undertakes a market-access commitment in relation to the supply of a service through the mode of supply referred to in subparagraph (r)(i) of Article 8.1 (Definitions) and if the cross-border movement of capital is an essential part of the service itself, that Party is thereby committed to allow such movement of capital. If a Party undertakes a market-access commitment in relation to the supply of a service through the mode of supply referred to in subparagraph (r)(iii) of Article 8.1 (Definitions), itis thereby committed to allow related transfers of capital into its territory.
(8) This subparagraph does not cover measures of a Party which limit inputs for the supply of services.

Article 8.6. Most-favoured-nation Treatment

1. A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) that opts under paragraph 2 of Article 8.3 (Scheduling of Commitments) to make commitments on Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment shall:

(a) in respect of the sectors and subsectors inscribed in its Schedule in Annex II (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services) that are identified with an "MFN" ;

(b) in respect of the sectors and subsectors set out in its Most- Favoured-Nation Treatment Sectoral Coverage Appendix to its Schedule in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services); or

(c) in respect of the sectors and subsectors that are not contained in its Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment Sectoral Exemption List Appendix to its Schedule in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services),

and subject to any conditions and qualifications set out therein, accord to services and service suppliers of another Party treatment no less favourable than that it accords to like services and service suppliers of any other Party or of any non-Party.

2. A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures) shall, subject to its non-conforming measures set out in its Schedule in Annex Ill (Schedules of Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures for Services and Investment), accord to services and service suppliers of another Party treatment no less favourable than that it accords to like services and service suppliers of any other Party or of any non-Party.

3. Notwithstanding paragraphs 1 and 2, each Party reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure that accords differential treatment to services and service suppliers of any other Party or of any non-Party under any bilateral or multilateral international agreement in force at, or signed prior to, the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

4. Notwithstanding paragraphs 1 and 2, each Party which is a Member State of ASEAN reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure that accords differential treatment to services and service suppliers of any other Party which is a Member State of ASEAN taken under an agreement on the liberalisation of trade in goods or services or investment as part of a wider process of economic integration among the Parties which are Member States of ASEAN.

5. The provisions of this Chapter shall not be construed as to prevent any Party from conferring or according advantages to adjacent countries in order to facilitate exchanges limited to contiguous frontier zones of services that are both locally produced and consumed.

Article 8.7. Schedules of Specific Commitments

1. A Party making commitments in accordance with this Article shall set out in its Schedule in Annex II (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services), the specific commitments it undertakes under Article 8.4 (National Treatment), Article 8.5 (Market Access), and Article 8.9 (Additional Commitments). With respect to sectors where such commitments are undertaken, each Schedule in Annex II (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services) shall specify:

(a) terms, limitations, and conditions on market access;

(b) conditions and qualifications on national treatment;

(c) undertakings relating to additional commitments; and

(d) where appropriate, the time frame for implementation of such commitments.

2. Measures inconsistent with both Article 8.4 (National Treatment) and Article 8.5 (Market Access) shall be inscribed in the column relating to Article 8.5 (Market Access). In this case, the inscription shall be considered to provide a condition or qualification to Article 8.4 (National Treatment) as well.

3. Each Party making commitments in accordance with this Article shall identify in its Schedule in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services) sectors or subsectors for future liberalisation with “FL”. In these sectors and subsectors, any applicable terms, limitations, conditions, and qualifications, referred to in subparagraphs 1(a) and (b) shall be limited to existing measures of that Party.

4. If a Party amends a measure referred to in paragraph 3 in a manner that reduces or eliminates the inconsistency of that measure with Article 8.4 (National Treatment) or Article 8.5 (Market Access), as it existed immediately before the amendment, that Party shall not subsequently amend that measure in a manner that increases the measure’s inconsistency with Article 8.4 (National Treatment) or Article 8.5 (Market Access).

5. Notwithstanding paragraph 3, Least Developed Country Parties which are Member States of ASEAN are not obliged to identify sectors or subsectors for future liberalisation. These Parties may, however, do so on a voluntary basis.

Article 8.8. Schedules of Non-conforming Measures

1. For a Party making commitments in accordance with this Article, Article 8.4 (National Treatment), Article 8.5 (Market Access), Article 8.6 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment), and Article 8.11 (Local Presence) shall not apply to:

(a) any existing non-conforming measure that is maintained by that Party at:

(i) the central level of government, as set out by that Party in List A of its Schedule in Annex Ill (Schedules of Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures for Services and Investment);

(ii) a regional level of government, as set out by that Party in List A of its Schedule in Annex Ill (Schedules of Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures for Services and Investment); or

(iii) a local level of government;

(b) the continuation or prompt renewal of any non-conforming measure referred to in subparagraph (a); and

(c) an amendment to any non-conforming measure referred to in subparagraph (a) to the extent that the amendment does not decrease the conformity of the measure, as it existed immediately before the amendment, with Article 8.4 (National Treatment), Article 8.5 (Market Access), Article 8.6 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment), or Article 8.11 (Local Presence).

2. Article 8.4 (National Treatment), Article 8.5 (Market Access), Article 8.6 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment), and Article 8.11 (Local Presence) shall not apply to any measure that a Party adopts or maintains with respect to sectors, subsectors, or activities set out in List B of its Schedule in Annex Ill (Schedules of Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures for Services and Investment).

Article 8.9. Additional Commitments

1. The Parties may negotiate commitments with respect to measures affecting trade in services, including those regarding qualifications, standards, or licensing matters, not subject to scheduling, under:

(a) Article 8.4 (National Treatment) or Article 8.5 (Market Access) for those Parties making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments); or

(b) Article 8.4 (National Treatment), Article 8.5 (Market Access), Article 8.6 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment), or Article 8.11 (Local Presence) for those Parties making commitments in accordance with Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures).

2. A Party making additional commitments under subparagraph 1 (a) shall inscribe such commitments in its Schedule in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services).

3. A Party making additional commitments under subparagraph 1(b) shall inscribe such commitments in List C of its Schedule in Annex lll (Schedules of Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures for Services and Investment).

Article 8.10. Transparency List

1. A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) that opts under paragraph 2 of Article 8.3 (Scheduling of Commitments) to make commitments under this Article shall prepare, forward to the other Parties, and make publicly available on the internet, a non-binding transparency list of its existing measures maintained at the central government level which are inconsistent with Article 8.4 (National Treatment) or Article 8.5 (Market Access) (hereinafter referred to as "Transparency List" in this Chapter). Such a Transparency List shall cover the sectors in which the Party has undertaken specific commitments in this Chapter.

2. A Party's Transparency List is made solely for the purposes of transparency, and shall be accurate at the time of submission and shall not affect the rights and obligations of that Party under this Chapter. Nothing in this Article shall prevent a Party from amending its measures referred to in paragraph 1. If there are any discrepancies between a Party's Transparency List and its Schedule in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services), the latter shall prevail.

3. Each Transparency List shall include the following elements:

(a) the sector and subsector or activity;

(b) the type of inconsistency (National Treatment or Market Access);

(c) the legal source or authority of the measure; and (d) | asuccinct description of the measure.

4. A Party shall update, as necessary, its Transparency List to ensure it is complete and accurate by:

(a) adding any new or amended inconsistent measure; or

(b) removing any measure that has ceased to exist, or any sector, subsector, or activity for which it no longer maintains an inconsistent measure.

5. No Party shall have recourse to dispute settlement under Chapter 19 (Dispute Settlement) for any dispute or matter of interpretation arising out of a Transparency List.

Article 8.11. Local Presence

A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures) shall not require a service supplier of another Party to establish or maintain a representative office, a branch, or any form of juridical person, or to be resident, in its territory as a condition for the supply of a service as described in subparagraph (r)(i), (ii), or (iv) of Article 8.1 (Definitions), subject to its non-conforming measures as provided in Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures).

Article 8.12. Transition

1. A Party making commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) (hereinafter referred to as a "transitioning Party" in this Article) shall submit a proposed Schedule of Non-Conforming Measures (hereinafter referred to as a "Proposed Schedule" in this Article) that accords with Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures)(9) to the Committee on Services and Investment for circulation to the other Parties, no later than three years, or for Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar, no later than 12 years, after the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

2. The commitments contained in each transitioning Party's Proposed Schedule shall provide an equivalent or a greater level of liberalisation and shall not result in a decrease in the level of commitments as compared to the transitioning Party's commitments, made in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 8.3 (Scheduling of Commitments).

3. The Parties shall consider the Proposed Schedule for the purposes of verification and clarification, and shall have the opportunity to make comments to ensure that the Proposed Schedule meets the requirements specified in paragraph 2. The verification and clarification process shall not entitle the Parties to negotiate specific new commitments. (10) The transitioning Party shall have the opportunity to respond to any comments received and to modify or revise its Proposed Schedule, as may be necessary, with a view to resolving any ambiguities, omissions, or errors in its Proposed Schedule.

4. Upon completion of the verification and clarification process referred to in paragraph 3, the Committee on Services and Investment may adopt, by consensus, the transitioning Party's Proposed Schedule, which shall replace the transitioning Party's Schedule in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services) subject to paragraph 5 (hereinafter referred to as an "Adopted Schedule" in this Article). The transitioning Party shall then submit its Adopted Schedule to the Depositary and notify it in writing of the completion of any applicable domestic processes. (11)

5. Notwithstanding Article 20.4 (Amendments), once a transitioning Party has submitted its Adopted Schedule to the Depositary and notified it in writing of the completion of any applicable domestic processes, the transitioning Party's Adopted Schedule shall enter into force between the transitioning Party and each other Party 60 days after the date of the transitioning Party's notification to the Depositary. However, if a Party notifies the Depositary in writing within 60 days of the date of the transitioning Party's notification to the Depositary that the Adopted Schedule will not enter into force for that Party within 60 days of the transitioning Party's notification to the Depositary, the Adopted Schedule shall enter into force between the transitioning Party and that Party on the date on which that Party notifies the Depositary in writing of the completion of its applicable domestic processes, or on such other date as the transitioning Party and that Party may decide.

6. For greater certainty, a transitioning Party's Schedule in Annex II (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services) under Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) shall remain in force between the transitioning Party and each other Party until the transitioning Party's Adopted Schedule has entered into force for that other Party.

7. The process referred to in paragraphs 1 through 4 shall be completed no later than six years, or for Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar, no later than 15 years, after the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

(9) For the purposes of a Proposed Schedule referred to in this paragraph and an Adopted Schedule referred to in paragraph 4, the references to "existing" in subparagraph (a) of Article 8.8 (Schedules of Non-Conforming Measures) shall be deemed to mean "in effect on the date of entry into force of the Party's Adopted Schedule".
(10) For greater certainty, nothing in this Article requires a Party to make commitments under Article 8.6 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment) in respect of a specific sector or subsector.
(11) For greater certainty, this paragraph does not exclude the possibility of a transitioning Party, when undertaking its applicable domestic processes, requesting consultations among the Parties regarding potential revisions to its Adopted Schedule, and requesting the Committee on Services and Investment to adopt, by consensus, a revised Adopted Schedule for submission by the transitioning Party to the Depositary in accordance with this paragraph.

Article 8.13. Modification of Schedules

1. A Party that has made commitments in accordance with Article 8.7 (Schedules of Specific Commitments) (hereinafter referred to as a "modifying Party" in this Article) may modify or withdraw any commitment in its Schedule in Annex Il (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services), other than commitments in sectors or subsectors indicated with an "FL", at any time after three years from the date on which that commitment has entered into force, provided that it complies with this Article and that:

(a) it notifies the Committee on Services and Investment of its intention to modify or withdraw a commitment no later than three months before the intended date of implementation of the modification or withdrawal; and

(b) it enters into negotiations with any requesting Party, with a view to reaching agreement on any necessary compensatory adjustment.

2. In achieving a compensatory adjustment through the negotiations referred to in subparagraph 1(b), the Parties concerned shall endeavour to maintain a general level of mutually advantageous commitments no less favourable to trade than that provided for in the modifying Party's Schedule in Annex II (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services) prior to such negotiations.

3. Any compensatory adjustment made pursuant to this Article shall be accorded on a non-discriminatory basis to all Parties.

4. If the Parties concerned are unable to reach an agreement on the compensatory adjustment within three months following the last date on which a request under subparagraph 1(b) has been made, or another period agreed by the modifying Party and each requesting Party, a requesting Party may refer the matter to arbitration. Any Party that wishes to enforce a right that it may have to compensation must participate in the arbitration. The modifying Party may not modify or withdraw its commitment until it has made compensatory adjustments in conformity with the findings of the arbitration.

5. Arbitrations undertaken pursuant to paragraph 4 shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures set out in paragraphs 7 through 19 of Procedures for the Implementation of Article XXI of the General Agreement on Trade in Services adopted on 19 July 1999(S/L/80), as may be amended, (hereinafter referred to as "the GATS Article XXI Procedures" in this Chapter), which shall apply mutatis mutandis, unless otherwise decided by the Committee on Services and Investment under paragraph 10 or unless the parties to the arbitration agree otherwise.

6. If the modifying Party implements its proposed modification or withdrawal and does not comply with the findings of the arbitration, any Party that participated in the arbitration may modify or withdraw substantially equivalent benefits in conformity with those findings. Such a modification or withdrawal may be implemented solely with respect to the modifying Party.

7. If no Party has requested:

(a) negotiations under subparagraph 1(b) within 45 days of the date of a notification made pursuant to subparagraph 1(a); or

(b) arbitration pursuant to paragraph 4,

the modifying Party shall be free to implement its proposed modification or withdrawal, notwithstanding Article 20.4 (Amendments), in accordance with the procedures set out in paragraphs 20 through 22 of the GATS Article XXI Procedures, which shall apply mutatis mutandis, unless otherwise decided by the Committee on Services and Investment under paragraph 10.

8. For the avoidance of doubt, for the purposes of paragraphs 5 and 7, references in the GATS Article XXI Procedures to:

(a) "the Secretariat" and "the Council for Trade in Services" shall be read as references to the Committee on Services and Investment;

(b) "Article XXI" shall be read as references to Article 8.13 (Modification of Schedules); and

(c) "Members of the WTO" shall be read as references to the Parties.

9. In the event of any inconsistency between this Agreement and the GATS Article XXI Procedures, this Agreement shall prevail to the extent of the inconsistency.

10. The Committee on Services and Investment may establish or amend procedures for the modification or withdrawal of a Party's commitments in its Schedule in Annex II (Schedules of Specific Commitments for Services) or the conduct of arbitration, under this Article. Any Party that seeks to modify or withdraw its commitments under this Article shall do so in accordance with any such procedures.

Article 8.14. Transparency

1.  The Parties recognise that transparent measures governing trade in services are important in facilitating the ability of service suppliers to gain access to, and operate in, each other's markets. Each Party shall promote regulatory transparency in trade in services.

2. Each Party shall publish promptly and, except in emergency situations, at the latest by the time of their entry into force:

(a) all relevant measures of general application affecting trade in services; and

(b) all international agreements pertaining to or affecting trade in services to which a Party is a signatory.

3. To the extent possible, each Party shall make the measures and international agreements referred to in paragraph 2 publicly available on the internet and, to the extent provided under its legal framework, in the English language.

4. Where publication referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3 is not practicable, such information (12) shall be made otherwise publicly available.

5. Each Party shall designate a contact point to facilitate communications among the Parties on any matter covered by this Chapter. On request of another Party, the contact point shall:

(a) identify the office or official responsible for the relevant matter; and

(b) assist as necessary in facilitating communications with the requesting Party with respect to that matter.

6. Each Party shall respond promptly to any request by any other Party for specific information on:

(a) any measures referred to in subparagraph 2(a) or international agreements referred to in subparagraph 2(b); and

(b) any new, or any changes to existing, laws, regulations or administrative guidelines which significantly affect trade in services.

(12) For greater certainty, such information may be published in each Party's chosen language.

Article 8.15. Domestic Regulation

1. Each Party shall ensure that all measures of general application affecting trade in services are administered in a reasonable, objective, and impartial manner.

2. Each Party shall maintain or institute as soon as practicable judicial, arbitral, or administrative tribunals or procedures which provide, on request of an affected service supplier, for the prompt review of, and where justified, appropriate remedies for, administrative decisions affecting trade in services. Where such procedures are not independent of the agency entrusted with the administrative decision concerned, the Party shall ensure that the procedures in fact provide for an objective and impartial review.

3. Nothing in paragraph 2 shall be construed to require a Party to institute such tribunals or procedures where this would be inconsistent with its constitutional structure or the nature of its legal system.

4. If the results of the negotiations related to paragraph 4 of Article VI of GATS enter into effect, the Parties shall review the results of such negotiations and shall amend this Article as appropriate, after consultation among the Parties to bring the results of such negotiations into effect under this Chapter.

5. With a view to ensuring that measures relating to qualification requirements and procedures, technical standards, and licensing requirements do not constitute unnecessary barriers to trade in services, while recognising the right to regulate and to introduce new regulations on the supply of services in order to meet its policy objectives, each Party shall endeavour to ensure that any such measures that it adopts or maintains are:

(a) based on objective and transparent criteria, such as competence and the ability to supply the service;

(b) not more burdensome than necessary to ensure the quality of the service; and

(c) in the case of licensing procedures, not in themselves a restriction on the supply of the service.

6. In determining whether a Party is in conformity with its obligations under subparagraph 5(a), international standards of relevant international organisations (13) applied by that Party shall be taken into account.

7. Where a Party requires authorisation for the supply of a service, it shall ensure that its competent authorities:

  • Chapter   1 Initial Provisions and General Definitions 1
  • Article   1.1 Establishment of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership as a Free Trade Area 1
  • Article   1.2 General Definitions 1
  • Article   1.3 Objectives 1
  • Chapter   2 Trade In Goods 1
  • Section   A General Provisions and Market Access for Goods 1
  • Article   2.1 Definitions 1
  • Article   2.2 Scope 1
  • Article   2.3 National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation 1
  • Article   2.4 Reduction or Elimination of Customs Duties 1
  • Article   2.5 Acceleration of Tariff Commitments (1) 1
  • Article   2.6 Tariff Differentials 1
  • Article   2.7 Classification of Goods 1
  • Article   2.8 Customs Valuation 1
  • Article   2.9 Goods In Transit 1
  • Article   2.10 Temporary Admission of Goods 1
  • Article   2.11 Temporary Admission for Containers and Pallets 1
  • Article   2.12 Duty-free entry of samples of no commercial value 2
  • Article   2.13 Agricultural export subsidies 2
  • Article   2.14 Transposition of schedules of tariff commitments 2
  • Article   2.15 Modification of concessions 2
  • Section   B Non-tariff measures 2
  • Article   2.16 Application of non-tariff measures 2
  • Article   2.17 General elimination of quantitative restrictions 2
  • Article   2.18 Technical consultations on non-tariff measures 2
  • Article   2.19 Import licensing procedures 2
  • Article   2.20 Fees and formalities connected with importation and exportation 2
  • Article   2.21 Sectoral initiatives 2
  • Chapter   3 Rules of origin 2
  • Section   A Rules of origin 2
  • Article   3.1 Definitions 2
  • Article   3.2 Originating goods 2
  • Article   3.3 Goods wholly obtained or produced 2
  • Article   3.4 Cumulation 2
  • Article   3.5 Calculation of regional value content 2
  • Article   3.6 Minimal operations and processes 2
  • Article   3.7 De minimis 3
  • Article   3.8 Treatment of packing and packaging materials and containers 3
  • Article   3.9 Accessories, spare parts, and tools 3
  • Article   3.10 Indirect materials 3
  • Article   3.11 Fungible goods or materials 3
  • Article   3.12 Materials used in production 3
  • Article   3.13 Unit of qualification 3
  • Article   3.14 Treatment for certain goods 3
  • Article   3.15 Direct consignment 3
  • Section   B Operational certification procedures 3
  • Article   3.16 Proof of origin 3
  • Article   3.17 Certificate of origin 3
  • Article   3.18 Declaration of origin 3
  • Article   3.19 Back-to-back proof of origin 3
  • Article   3.20 Third-party invoicing 3
  • Article   3.21 Approved exporter 3
  • Article   3.22 Claim for preferential tariff treatment 3
  • Article   3.23 Post-lmportation claims for preferential tariff 3
  • Article   3.24 Verification (6) 4
  • Article   3.25 Denial of preferential tariff treatment 4
  • Article   3.26 Minor discrepancies or errors 4
  • Article   3.27 Record-keeping requirement 4
  • Article   3.28 Consultations 4
  • Article   3.29 Electronic system for origin information exchange 4
  • Article   3.30 Transitional provisions for goods in transit 4
  • Article   3.32 Communication language 4
  • Article   3.33 Contact points 4
  • Article   3.34 Transposition of product-specific rules 4
  • Article   3.35 Amendments to annexes 4
  • Chapter   4 Customs procedures and trade facilitation 4
  • Article   4.1 Definitions 4
  • Article   4.2 Objectives 4
  • Article   4.3 Scope 4
  • Article   4.4 Consistency 4
  • Article   4.5 Transparency 4
  • Article   4.6 Enquiry points 4
  • Article   4.7 Customs procedures 4
  • Article   4.8 Preshipment inspection 4
  • Article   4.9 Pre-arrival processing 4
  • Article   4.10 Advance rulings 4
  • Article   4.11 Release of goods 4
  • Article   4.12 Application of information technology 5
  • Article   4.13 Trade facilitation measures for authorised operators 5
  • Article   4.14 Risk management 5
  • Article   4.15 Express consignments 5
  • Article   4.16 Post-clearance audit 5
  • Article   4.17 Time release studies 5
  • Article   4.18 Review and appeal 5
  • Article   4.19 Customs cooperation 5
  • Article   4.20 Consultations and contact points 5
  • Article   4.21 Implementation arrangement 5
  • Chapter   5 Sanitary and phytosanitary measures 5
  • Article   5.1 Definitions 5
  • Article   5.2 Objectives 5
  • Article   5.3 Scope 5
  • Article   5.4 General provision 5
  • Article   5.5 Equivalence 5
  • Article   5.6 Adaptation to regional conditions, including pest- or disease-free areas and areas of low pest or disease prevalence 5
  • Article   5.7 Risk analysis 5
  • Article   5.8 Audit  (2) 5
  • Article   5.9 Certification 6
  • Article   5.10 Import checks 6
  • Article   5.11 Emergency measures 6
  • Article   5.12 Transparency 6
  • Article   5.13 Cooperation and capacity building 6
  • Article   5.14 Technical consultation 6
  • Article   5.15 Contact points and competent authorities 6
  • Article   5.16 Implementation 6
  • Article   5.17 Dispute settlement 6
  • Chapter   6 Standards, technical regulations, and conformity assessment procedures 6
  • Article   6.1 Definitions 6
  • Article   6.2 Objectives 6
  • Article   6.3 Scope 6
  • Article   6.4 Affirmation and incorporation of the tbt agreement 6
  • Article   6.5 International standards, guides, and recommendations 6
  • Article   6.6 Standards 6
  • Article   6.7 Technical regulations 6
  • Article   6.8 Conformity assessment procedures 6
  • Article   6.9 Cooperation 6
  • Article   6.10 Technical discussions 6
  • Article   6.11 Transparency 6
  • Article   6.12 Contact points 6
  • Article   6.13 Implementing arrangements 6
  • Article   6.14 Dispute Settlement 7
  • Chapter   7 Trade Remedies 7
  • Section   A RCEP Safeguard Measures 7
  • Article   7.1 Definitions 7
  • Article   7.2 Application of Transitional RCEP Safeguard Measures 7
  • Article   7.3 Notification and Consultation 7
  • Article   7.4 Investigation Procedures 7
  • Article   7.5 Scope and Duration of Transitional Rcep Safeguard Measures 7
  • Article   7.6 De Minimis Imports and Special Treatment 7
  • Article   7.7 Compensation 7
  • Article   7.8 Provisional Rcep Safeguard Measures 7
  • Article   7.9 Global Safeguard Measures 7
  • Article   7.10 Other Provisions 7
  • Section   B Anti-dumping and Countervailing Duties 7
  • Article   7.11 General Provisions 7
  • Article   7.12 Notification and Consultations 7
  • Article   7.13 Prohibition of Zeroing 7
  • Article   7.14 Disclosure of the Essential Facts 7
  • Article   7.15 Treatment of Confidential Information 7
  • Article   7.16 Non-application of Dispute Settlement 7
  • Chapter   8 Trade In Services 7
  • Article   8.1 Definitions 7
  • Article   8.2 Scope 8
  • Article   8.3 Scheduling of commitments 8
  • Article   8.4 National treatment 8
  • Article   8.5 Market access 8
  • Article   8.6 Most-favoured-nation treatment 8
  • Article   8.7 Schedules of specific commitments 8
  • Article   8.8 Schedules of non-conforming measures 8
  • Article   8.9 Additional commitments 8
  • Article   8.10 Transparency list 8
  • Article   8.11 Local presence 8
  • Article   8.12 Transition 8
  • Article   8.13 Modification of schedules 8
  • Article   8.14 Transparency 8
  • Article   8.15 Domestic regulation 8
  • Article   8.16 Recognition 9
  • Article   8.17 Monopolies and exclusive service suppliers 9
  • Article   8.18 Business practices 9
  • Article   8.19 Payments and transfers 9
  • Article   8.20 Denial of benefits 9
  • Article   8.21 Safeguard measures 9
  • Article   8.22 Subsidies 9
  • Article   8.23 Increasing participation of least developed country parties which are member states of asean 9
  • Article   8.24 Review of commitments 9
  • Article   8.25 Cooperation 9
  • ANNEX 8-A  Financial services 9
  • Article   1 Definitions 9
  • Article   2 Scope 9
  • Article   3 New financial services 9
  • Article   4 Prudential measures 9
  • Article   5 Treatment of certain information 9
  • Article   6 Recognition 9
  • Article   7 Transparency 9
  • Article   8 Financial services exceptions 9
  • Article   9 Transfers of information and processing of information 9
  • Article   10 Self-regulatory organisations 10
  • Article   11 Payment and clearing systems 10
  • Article   12 Consultations 10
  • Article   13 Contact points 10
  • Article   14 Dispute settlement 10
  • ANNEX 8B  Telecommunications services 10
  • Article   1 Definitions 10
  • Article   2 Scope 10
  • Article   3 Approaches to regulation 10
  • Article   4 Access and use  (2) 10
  • Article   5 Number portability  (4) 10
  • Article   6 Competitive safeguards 10
  • Article   7 Treatment by major suppliers 10
  • Article   8 Resale 10
  • Article   9 Interconnection  (5) 10
  • Article   10 Provisioning and pricing of leased circuit services 10
  • Article   11 Co-location 10
  • Article   12 Independent telecommunications regulatory body 10
  • Article   13 Universal service 10
  • Article   14 Licensing 10
  • Article   15 Allocation and use of scarce resources 10
  • Article   16 Transparency 11
  • Article   17 Relation to international organisations 11
  • Article   18 International submarine cable systems 11
  • Article   19 Unbundling of network elements 11
  • Article   20 Access to poles, ducts, and conduits 11
  • Article   21 Flexibility in the choice of technology 11
  • Article   22 International mobile roaming 11
  • Article   23 Resolution of telecommunications disputes 11
  • ANNEX 8C  Professional services 11
  • Chapter   9 Temporary movement of natural persons 11
  • Article   9.1 Definitions 11
  • Article   9.2 Scope 11
  • Article   9.3 Spouses and dependants 11
  • Article   9.4 Grant of temporary entry 11
  • Article   9.5 Schedules of specific commitments on temporary movement of natural persons 11
  • Article   9.6 Processing of applications 11
  • Article   9.7 Transparency 11
  • Article   9.8 Cooperation 11
  • Article   9.9 Dispute settlement 11
  • Chapter   10 Investment 11
  • Article   10.1 Definitions 11
  • Article   10.2 Scope 11
  • Article   10.3 National Treatment  (17) 12
  • Article   10.4 Most-favoured-nation Treatment  (18)(19) 12
  • Article   10.5 Treatment of Investment  (20) 12
  • Article   10.6 Prohibition of Performance Requirements 12
  • Article   10.7 Senior Management and Board of Directors 12
  • Article   10.8 Reservations and Non-conforming Measures 12
  • Article   10.9 Transfers 12
  • Article   10.10 Special Formalities and Disclosure of Information 12
  • Article   10.11 Compensation for Losses 12
  • Article   10.12 Subrogation 12
  • Article   10.13 Expropriation  (25) 12
  • Article   10.14 Denial of Benefits (32) 12
  • Article   10.15 Security Exceptions 12
  • Article   10.16 Promotion of Investment 12
  • Article   10.17 Facilitation of investment 13
  • Article   10.18 Work programme 13
  • ANNEX 10A  Customary international law 13
  • ANNEX 10B  Expropriation 13
  • Chapter   11 Intellectual property 13
  • Section   A General provisions and basic principles 13
  • Article   11.1 Objectives 13
  • Article   11.2 Scope of intellectual property 13
  • Article   11.3 Relation to other agreements  (1) 13
  • Article   11.4 Principles 13
  • Article   11.5 Obligations 13
  • Article   11.6 Exhaustion of intellectual property rights 13
  • Article   11.7 National treatment 13
  • Article   11.8 The trips agreement and public health 13
  • Article   11.9 Multilateral agreements 13
  • Section   B Copyright and related rights 13
  • Article   11.10 Exclusive rights of authors, performers, and producers of phonograms 13
  • Article   11.11 Right to remuneration for broadcasting  (6) 13
  • Article   11.12 Protection of broadcasting organisations and encrypted programme-carrying satellite signals 13
  • Article   11.13 Collective management organisations 13
  • Article   11.14 Circumvention of effective technological measures 13
  • Article   11.15 Protection for electronic rights management information 13
  • Article   11.16 Limitations and exceptions to providing protection and remedies for technological measures and RMI 13
  • Article   11.17 Government use of software 13
  • Article   11.18 Limitations and exceptions 13
  • Section   C Trademarks 13
  • Article   11.19 Trademarks protection 13
  • Article   11.20 Protection of collective marks and certification marks 13
  • Article   11.21 Trademarks classification system 13
  • Article   11.22 Registration and applications of trademarks 13
  • Article   11.23 Rights conferred 14
  • Article   11.24 Exceptions 14
  • Article   11.25 Protection of trademarks that predate geographical indications 14
  • Article   11.26 Protection of well-known trademarks 14
  • Article   11.27 Bad faith trademarks  (21) 14
  • Article   11.28 One and the same application relating to several goods or services 14
  • Section   D Geographical indications 14
  • Article   11.29 Protection of geographical indications 14
  • Article   11.30 Domestic administrative procedures for the protection of geographical indications 14
  • Article   11.31 Grounds for opposition and cancellation 14
  • Article   11.32 Multi-component terms 14
  • Article   11.33 Date of protection of a geographical indication 14
  • Article   11.34 Protection or recognition of geographical indications pursuant to international agreements 14
  • Article   11.35 Protection or recognition of geographical indications under concluded international agreements 14
  • Section   E Section Patents 14
  • Article   11.36 Patentable subject matter 14
  • Article   11.37 Rights conferred 14
  • Article   11.38 Exceptions to rights conferred 14
  • Article   11.39 Other use without authorisation of the right holder 14
  • Article   11.40 Experimental use of a patent 14
  • Article   11.41 Procedural aspects of examination and registration 14
  • Article   11.42 Grace period for patents 14
  • Article   11.43 Electronic patent application system 14
  • Article   11.44 Month publication 14
  • Article   11.45 Information as prior art made available to the public on the internet 14
  • Article   11.46 Expedited examination 14
  • Article   11.47 Introduction of international patent classification system 14
  • Article   11.48 Protection of new varieties of plants  (38) 14
  • Section   F Industrial designs 14
  • Article   11.49 Protection of industrial designs 14
  • Article   11.50 Information as prior art for designs made available to the public on the internet  (39) 14
  • Article   11.51 Registration or grant and applications of industrial designs 14
  • Article   11.52 Introduction of international classification system for industrial designs 15
  • Section   G Genetic resources, traditional knowledge, and folklore  (41) 15
  • Article   11.53 Genetic resources, traditional knowledge, and folklore 15
  • Section   H Unfair competition 15
  • Article   11.54 Effective protection against unfair competition 15
  • Article   11.55 Domain names 15
  • Article   11.56 Protection of undisclosed information 15
  • Section   I Country names 15
  • Article   11.57 Country names 15
  • Section   J Enforcement of intellectual property rights 15
  • Subsection   1 General obligations 15
  • Article   11.58 General obligations 15
  • Subsection   2 Civil remedies  (47) 15
  • Article   11.59 Fair and equitable procedures 15
  • Article   11.60 Damages 15
  • Article   11.61 Court costs and fees 15
  • Article   11.62 Destroying infringing goods and materials and implements 15
  • Article   11.63 Confidential information in civil judicial proceedings 15
  • Article   11.64 Provisional measures 15
  • Subsection   3 Border measures 15
  • Article   11.65 Suspension of the release of suspected pirated copyright goods or counterfeit trademark goods by right holder's application 15
  • Article   11.66 Applications for suspension or detention 15
  • Article   11.67 Security or equivalent assurance 15
  • Article   11.68 Information provided by competent authorities to right holders 15
  • Article   11.69 Suspension of the release of suspected pirated copyright goods or counterfeit trademark goods by ex officio action 15
  • Article   11.70 Information provided by right holders to competent authorities in case of ex officio action 15
  • Article   11.71 Infringement determination within reasonable period by competent authorities  (60) 15
  • Article   11.72 Destruction order by competent authorities 15
  • Article   11.73 Fees 15
  • Subsection   4 Criminal remedies 15
  • Article   11.74 Criminal procedures and penalties 15
  • Subsection   5 Enforcement in the digital environment 15
  • Article   11.75 Effective action against infringement in the digital environment 15
  • Section   K Cooperation and consultation 15
  • Article   11.76 Cooperation and dialogue 15
  • Section   I Transparency 15
  • Article   11.77 Transparency 15
  • Section   M Transition periods and technical assistance 15
  • Article   11.78 Transitional periods for least developed country parties under the trips agreement 15
  • Article   11.79 Party-specific transition periods 15
  • Article   11.80 Notifications in relation to party-specific transition periods 16
  • Article   11.81 Technical assistance 16
  • Section   N Procedural matters 16
  • Article   11.82 Improvement of procedures for the administration of intellectual property rights 16
  • Article   11.83 Streamlining of procedural requirements on paper 16
  • Chapter   12 Electronic commerce 16
  • Section   A General provisions 16
  • Article   12.1 Definitions 16
  • Article   12.2 Principles and objectives 16
  • Article   12.3 Scope  (3) 16
  • Article   12.4 Cooperation 16
  • Section   B Trade facilitation 16
  • Article   12.5 Paperless trading 16
  • Article   12.6 Electronic authentication and electronic signature 16
  • Section   C Creating a conducive environment for electronic commerce 16
  • Article   12.7 Online consumer protection 16
  • Article   12.8 Online personal information protection 16
  • Article   12.9 Unsolicited commercial electronic messages 16
  • Article   12.10 Domestic regulatory framework 16
  • Article   12.11 Customs duties 16
  • Article   12.12 Transparency 16
  • Article   12.13 Cyber security 16
  • Section   D Promoting cross-border electronic commerce 16
  • Article   12.14 Location of computing facilities 16
  • Article   12.15 Cross-border transfer of information by electronic means 16
  • Section   E Other provisions 16
  • Article   12.16 Dialogue on electronic commerce 16
  • Article   12.17 Settlement of disputes 16
  • Chapter   13 Competition 17
  • Article   13.1 Objectives 17
  • Article   13.2 Basic principles 17
  • Article   13.3 Appropriate measures against anti-competitive activities™  (1) 17
  • Article   13.4 Cooperation  (4) 17
  • Article   13.5 Confidentiality of information 17
  • Article   13.6 Technical cooperation and capacity building 17
  • Article   13.7 Consumer protection 17
  • Article   13.8 Consultations 17
  • Article   13.9 Non-application of dispute settlement 17
  • Chapter   14 Small and Medium Enterprises 17
  • Article   14.1 Objectives 17
  • Article   14.2 Information sharing 17
  • Article   14.3 Cooperation 17
  • Article   14.4 Contact points 17
  • Article   14.5 Non-application of dispute settlement 17
  • Chapter   15 Economic and technical cooperation 17
  • Article   15.1 Definition 17
  • Article   15.2 Objectives 17
  • Article   15.3 Scope 17
  • Article   15.4 Resources 17
  • Article   15.5 Work programme 17
  • Article   15.6 Least developed country parties which are member states of ASEAN 17
  • Article   15.7 Non-application of dispute settlement 17
  • Chapter   16 Government procurement 17
  • Article   16.1 Objectives 17
  • Article   16.2 Scope 17
  • Article   16.3 Principles 17
  • Article   16.4 Transparency 17
  • Article   16.5 Cooperation 17
  • Article   16.6 Review 18
  • Article   16.7 Contact Points 18
  • Article   16.8 Non-application of Dispute Settlement 18
  • Annex 16A  PAPER OR ELECTRONIC MEANS UTILISED BY PARTIES FOR THE PUBLICATION OF TRANSPARENCY INFORMATION 18
  • Chapter   17 General Provisions and Exceptions 18
  • Article   17.1 Definition 18
  • Article   17.2 Geographical Scope of Application  (1) (2) 18
  • Article   17.3 Publication 18
  • Article   17.4 Provision of Information 18
  • Article   17.5 Administrative Proceedings 18
  • Article   17.6 Review and Appeal 18
  • Article   17.7 Disclosure of Information 18
  • Article   17.8 Confidentiality 18
  • Article   17.9 Measures Against Corruption 18
  • Article   17.10 Convention on Biological Diversity 18
  • Article   17.11 Screening Regime and Dispute Settlement 18
  • Article   17.12 General Exceptions 18
  • Article   17.13 Security Exceptions 18
  • Article   17.14 Taxation Measures 18
  • Article   17.15 Measures to Safeguard the Balance of Payments 18
  • Article   17.16 Treaty of waitangi 19
  • Chapter   18 INSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS 19
  • Article   18.1 Meetings of the RCEP ministers 19
  • Article   18.2 Establishment of the RCEP joint committee 19
  • Article   18.3 Functions of the RCEP joint committee 19
  • Article   18.4 Rules of procedure of the RCEP joint committee 19
  • Article   18.5 Meetings of the RCEP joint committee 19
  • Article   18.6 Subsidiary bodies of the RCEP joint committee 19
  • Article   18.7 Meetings of subsidiary bodies 19
  • Article   18.8 Contact point 19
  • Annex 18A  FUNCTIONS OF THE SUBSIDIARY BODIES OF THE RCEP JOINT COMMITTEE 19
  • Chapter   19 DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 20
  • Article   19.1 Definitions 20
  • Article   19.2 Objective 20
  • Article   19.3 Scope  (1) 20
  • Article   19.4 General provisions 20
  • Article   19.5 Choice of forum 20
  • Article   19.6 Consultations 20
  • Article   19.7 Good offices, conciliation, or mediation 20
  • Article   19.8 Request for establishment of a panel 20
  • Article   19.9 Procedures for multiple complainants 20
  • Article   19.10 Third parties 20
  • Article   19.11 Establishment and reconvening of a panel 20
  • Article   19.12 Functions of panels 20
  • Article   19.13 Panel procedures 20
  • Article   19.14 Suspension and termination of proceedings 21
  • Article   19.15 Implementation of the final report 21
  • Article   19.16 Compliance review  (4) 21
  • Article   19.17 Compensation and suspension of concessions or other obligations 21
  • Article   19.18 Special and differential treatment involving least developed country parties 21
  • Article   19.19 Expenses 21
  • Article   19.20 Contact point 21
  • Article   19.21 Language 21
  • Chapter   20 Final provisions 21
  • Article   20.1 Annexes, appendices, and footnotes 21
  • Article   20.2 Relation to other agreements 21
  • Article   20.3 Amended or successor international agreements 21
  • Article   20.4 Amendments 21
  • Article   20.5 Depositary 21
  • Article   20.6 Entry into force 21
  • Article   20.7 Withdrawal 21
  • Article   20.8 General review 21
  • Article   20.9 Accession 21
  • Annex III  Schedules of Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures for Services and Investment 21
  • Brunei Darussalam 21
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 21
  • 1 22
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  • 39 22
  • 40 22
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 22
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  • 61 23
  • Cambodia 23
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 23
  • 1 23
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  • 9 23
  • 10 23
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 23
  • 1 23
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  • 7 24
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  • Indonesia 24
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 24
  • 1 24
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  • List B  Explanatory Notes 24
  • 1 24
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  • Lao PDR 24
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 24
  • 1 25
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  • List B  Explanatory Notes 25
  • 1 25
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  • Malaysia 25
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 25
  • 1 25
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  • 8 25
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  • List B  Explanatory Notes 25
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  • 49 26
  • Appendix  Specific Commitments for Financial Services - Malaysia 26
  • Myanmar 26
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 26
  • 1 27
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  • List B  Explanatory Notes 27
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  • The Philippines 27
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 27
  • 1 27
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  • 6 27
  • 7 28
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  • List B  Explanatory Notes 28
  • 1 28
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  • Singapore 28
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 28
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  • List B  Explanatory Notes 29
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  • Appendix to List B  Commitments for Financial Services - Singapore 29
  • Explanatory Notes 29
  • Thailand 29
  • List A  Explanatory Notes   29
  • 1 30
  • 2 30
  • 3 30
  • 4 30
  • 5 30
  • 6 30
  • 7 30
  • 8 30
  • 9 30
  • 10 30
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 30
  • 1  30
  • 2 30
  • 3 30
  • 4 30
  • 5 30
  • 6 30
  • 7 30
  • 8 30
  • 9 30
  • 10 30
  • 11 30
  • 11 30
  • 13 30
  • 14 30
  • 15 30
  • 16 30
  • 17 30
  • 18 30
  • 19 30
  • 20 30
  • 21 30
  • 22 30
  • Viet Nam 30
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 30
  • 1 30
  • 2 30
  • 3 30
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 30
  • 1 30
  • 2 30
  • 3 30
  • 4 30
  • 5 30
  • 6 30
  • 7 30
  • 8 30
  • 9 31
  • 10 31
  • 11 31
  • 12 31
  • 13 31
  • 14 31
  • 15 31
  • 16 31
  • 17 31
  • 18 31
  • 19 31
  • 20 31
  • 21 31
  • 22 31
  • 23 31
  • 24 31
  • 25 31
  • 26 31
  • 27 31
  • 28 31
  • 29 31
  • 30 31
  • 31 31
  • 32 31
  • Australia 31
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 31
  • 1 31
  • 2 31
  • 3 31
  • 4 31
  • 5 31
  • 6 31
  • 7 31
  • 8 31
  • 9 31
  • 10 31
  • 11 31
  • 12 31
  • 13 31
  • 14 31
  • 15 31
  • 16 31
  • 17 31
  • 18 31
  • 19 31
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 31
  • 1 32
  • 2 32
  • 3 32
  • 4 32
  • 5 32
  • 6 32
  • 7 32
  • 8 32
  • 9 32
  • 10 32
  • 11 32
  • 12 32
  • 13 32
  • 14 32
  • 15 32
  • 16 32
  • 17 32
  • 18 32
  • 19 32
  • 20 32
  • 21 32
  • 22 32
  • 23 32
  • Appendix A  Australia's Market Access Commitments - Regional (State and Territory) Level 32
  • Note on Maritime Transport Services 32
  • List C  Additional Commitments - Chapter 8 (Trade in Services) Australia 33
  • China 33
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 33
  • 1 33
  • 2 33
  • 3 33
  • 4 33
  • 5 33
  • 6 33
  • 7 33
  • 8 33
  • 9 33
  • 10 33
  • 11 33
  • 12 33
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 33
  • 1 33
  • 2 33
  • 3 33
  • 4 33
  • 5 33
  • 6 33
  • 7 33
  • 8 33
  • 9 33
  • 10 33
  • 11 33
  • Japan 33
  • List A  Explanatory Note 33
  • 1 33
  • 2 33
  • 3 33
  • 4 33
  • 5 33
  • 6 33
  • 7 33
  • 8 33
  • 9 33
  • 10 33
  • 11 33
  • 12 33
  • 13 34
  • 14 34
  • 15 34
  • 16 34
  • 17 34
  • 18 34
  • 19 34
  • 20 34
  • 21 34
  • 22 34
  • 23 34
  • 24 34
  • 25 34
  • 26 34
  • 27 34
  • 28 34
  • 29 34
  • 30 34
  • 31 34
  • 32 34
  • 33 34
  • 34 34
  • 35 34
  • 36 34
  • 37 34
  • 38 34
  • 39 34
  • 40 34
  • 41 34
  • 42 34
  • 43 34
  • 45 34
  • 46 34
  • 47 34
  • 48 34
  • 49 34
  • 50 34
  • 51 34
  • 52 34
  • 53 34
  • 54 34
  • 55 34
  • 56 34
  • 57 34
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 34
  • 1 34
  • 2 34
  • 3 34
  • 4 34
  • 5 34
  • 6 34
  • 7 34
  • 8 34
  • 9 34
  • 10 34
  • 11 35
  • 12 35
  • 13 35
  • 14 35
  • 15 35
  • 16 35
  • 17 35
  • 18 35
  • 19 35
  • 20 35
  • 21 35
  • 22 35
  • 23 35
  • 24 35
  • Korea 35
  • List A  Explanatory Notes 35
  • 1 35
  • 2 35
  • 3 35
  • 4 35
  • 5 35
  • 6 35
  • 7 35
  • 8 35
  • 9 35
  • 10 35
  • 11 35
  • 12 35
  • 13 35
  • 14 35
  • 15 35
  • 16 35
  • 17 35
  • 18 35
  • 19 35
  • 20 35
  • 21 35
  • 22 35
  • 23 35
  • 24 35
  • 25 35
  • 26 35
  • 27 35
  • 28 35
  • 29 35
  • 30 35
  • 31 35
  • 32 35
  • 33 35
  • 34 35
  • 35 35
  • 36 35
  • 37 35
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 35
  • 1 36
  • 2 36
  • 3 36
  • 4 36
  • 5 36
  • 6 36
  • 7 36
  • 8 36
  • 9 36
  • 10 36
  • 11 36
  • 12 36
  • 13 36
  • 14 36
  • 15 36
  • 16 36
  • 17 36
  • 18 36
  • 19 36
  • 20 36
  • 21 36
  • 22 36
  • 23 36
  • 24 36
  • 25 36
  • 26 36
  • 27 36
  • 28 36
  • 29 36
  • 30 36
  • 31 36
  • 32 36
  • 33 36
  • 34 36
  • 35 36
  • 36 36
  • 37 36
  • 38 36
  • 39 36
  • 40 36
  • 41 36
  • 42 36
  • 43 36
  • 44 36
  • 45 36
  • 46 36
  • 47 36
  • 48 36
  • 49 36
  • 50 36
  • Appendix A  36
  • Appendix B  Schedule of Specifics Commitments for Financial Services. Korea 36
  • New Zealand 36
  • List A Explanatory Notes 36
  • 1 36
  • 2 37
  • 3 37
  • 4 37
  • 5 37
  • 6 37
  • 7 37
  • List B  Explanatory Notes 37
  • 1 37
  • 2 37
  • 3 37
  • 4 37
  • 5 37
  • 6 37
  • 7 37
  • 8 37
  • 9 37
  • 10 37
  • 11 37
  • 12 37
  • 13 37
  • 14 37
  • 15 37
  • 16 37
  • 17 37
  • 18 37
  • 19 37
  • 20 37
  • 21 37
  • 22 37
  • 23 37
  • 24 37
  • 25 37
  • 26 37
  • 27 37