(d) Level of Government means the level of government either Central or Regional which maintains the measure for which an entry is taken;
(e) Type of Obligation refers to the obligations which do not apply to the listed measures;
(f) Description of Measure refers to measure that do not conform to Article 10.3 (National Treatment), Article 10.4 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment), Article 10.6 (Prohibition of Performance Requirements), and Article 10.7 (Senior Management and Board of Directors), as the case may be, which do not apply to the listed measures;
(g) Source of Measure means the laws, regulations or other measures that are the source of the non-conforming measure for which the entry is made. A measure cited in the Source of Measure element:
(i) means the measure as amended, continued or renewed as of the date of entry into force of this Agreement; and
(ii) includes any subordinate measure adopted or maintained under the authority of and consistent with the measure.
3. In the interpretation of an entry, all elements of an entry shall be considered. The Description of Measure element shall prevail over all other elements.
4. Notwithstanding the entries contained in this List, if there is overlap between the contents of this List and List B, Myanmar may adopt or maintain relevant measures in accordance with List B.
5. For the purposes of this List:
(a) “Direct Investment” means an investment in which the investor has the right to control, influence or manage, of such assets which are invested by the investor within the Union in accordance with its laws and regulations;
(b) “Foreign Investment” means any direct investment made by a foreign investor within the Union; and
(c) “Myanmar” or “Union” means the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
6. For greater certainty, Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with regard to investments in services sectors that are consistent with Chapter 8 (Trade in Services).
1.
Sector : All Sectors Subsector : - Manufacturing of products for security and defense being specified by the notification of the Government of Myanmar from time to time. (ISIC 2927, 7522) - Manufacturing and related services of arms and ammunition for the national defense. (ISIC 2927) - Issuing the national postage stamps; establishment and hiring of post office and post boxes which are only to be performed by the post office operator on behalf of the Union. (ISIC 6411, 2221) - Management of natural forest and forest area except the business relating to reduction of carbon emission (ISIC 0200) - Feasibility study and production of radioactive metals such as uranium and thorium (ISIC 1200, 2330) - Control of electric power system (CPC 8631) - Inspection of electrical business (CPC 8621) Industry Classification : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : The above mentioned subsectors are to be carried out only by the Union. Source of Measure : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (a) - Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (A): List of Economic Activities that can be conducted by the State.
2.
Sector : All Sectors Subsector : - Publishing and distribution of periodicals in ethnic languages including Myanmar (ISIC 2212, CPC 3241, 8911, 8912) - Freshwater fishing and related services (ISIC 0500, CPC 0421, 8615) - Establishment of quarantine station for exportation and importation of animals (Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department shall undertake to inspect animals and to issue permits) (ISIC 0500, CPC 8352, 8359, 8612) - Extraction of forest products from forest area and government administered natural forest (ISIC 0200) - Prospecting, exploration feasibility study and production of mineral for small and medium scale businesses in accordance with the Mines Law (ISIC 1110, 1421, 1429) - Refinement of minerals by medium scale and small scale (ISIC 2320) - Performing shallow oil wells up (ISIC 1030, 1110) - Printing and issuing sticker for visa and stay permit for foreigners (ISIC 2221, 6411, CPC 89122, 91210) - Prospecting, exploration and production of jade or gem stones (ISIC 1429, 3691) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : Foreign investors are not allowed to carry out the investment activities in the above mentioned subsectors. Source of Measure : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (a) Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (B): Investment activities that are not allowed to be carried out by foreign investors.
3.
Sector : All Sectors Subsector : - Construction for fish landing site or fishing harbour and fish auction market (ISIC 0500, 4520, 4530) - Research activities related with fishery (CPC 8114) - Veterinary clinic (CPC 8351, 8352, 8559) - Cultivation of crops in agriculture land, distribution of agriculture products for local market and export (ISIC 0111, 0112) - Manufacturing and domestic marketing of plastic product (ISIC 2520, 1920) - Manufacturing and domestic distribution of chemicals based on available natural resources (ISIC 1110, 1120, 2411) - Manufacturing and domestic distribution of flammable solid, liquid, gaseous fuel and aerosol (Acetylene, Gasoline, Propane, Hair Sprays, Perfume, Deodorant, Insect spray) (ISIC 2411, 4020, 5141, 5050, 2320, 2424) - Manufacturing and domestic marketing of oxidant (Oxygen, Hydrogen Peroxide) and compressed gas (Acetone, Argon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Acetylene) (ISIC 2411, 2812) - Manufacturing and domestic marketing of corrosive chemical (Sulphur Acid, Nitric Acid) (ISIC 2411, 2421, 2429) - Manufacturing and distribution of industrial chemical gas including compressed, liquefied and solid forms (ISIC 2411, 2412, 2429, 2330, 5149) - Value added manufacturing and domestic distribution of cereal product such as biscuit, wafer, all kinds of noodles and vermicelli (ISIC 1531, 1544, 1549) - Manufacturing and domestic distribution of all kind of confectionery including those of sweet, cocoa and chocolate (ISIC 1543, 2925) - Preserving, canning, processing and domestic distribution of food product except milk and dairy product (ISIC 1512, 1513, 1532, 1542) - Manufacturing and domestic marketing of malt and malt liquors and non-aerated products (ISIC 1553) - Manufacturing, distilling, blending, rectifying, bottling and domestic distribution of all kinds of spirits, alcohol, alcoholic beverages and non-alcoholic beverages (ISIC 1551, 1552, 1554, 3131) - Manufacturing and domestic distribution of all kinds of purified ice (ISIC 1554, 4100) - Manufacturing and domestic distribution of purified drinking water (ISIC 1554, 4100) - Manufacturing and domestic distribution of all kinds of soap (ISIC 2424, 5139, 5211) - Manufacturing and domestic wholesale of all kinds of cosmetic product (ISIC 5139, 5211) - Development, sale and lease of residential apartment and condominium (ISIC 4520, 4530, 7010) - Movie production (ISIC 9211, 9213, 9214) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : Foreign investors are allowed to carry out the investment activities in the above mentioned subsectors only in the form of a joint venture with Myanmar citizen owned entity or Myanmar citizen. The foreign equity ratio shall not be more than 80 per cent in the joint venture company under the Myanmar Investment Rules. Source of Measure : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (c) - Myanmar Investment Rules, rule 22 - Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (C)
4.
Sector : Manufacturing Subsector : - Manufacturing and distribution of medicines which are produced by using narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances (ISIC 3522) - Cross ownership between Print Media and Broadcasting Media Service (ISIC 2211-2230) - Publishing of periodical newspapers in foreign languages (ISIC 2212) - Manufacturing and distribution of veterinary biological products (ISIC 7310) - Manufacturing and distribution of veterinary medicines (ISIC 3311) - Production, storage, distribution and exporting of agricultural insecticide, fertilizer, hormone, weed killer, etc. (ISIC 2411- 2412) - Production and domestic marketing of mobile handset and telephone (ISIC 3220) - Large scale manufacturing of pulp for paper (ISIC 3411, 2021, 2101) - Manufacturing of vaccine (ISIC 2423) - Research on vaccine and diagnostic test kit production (ISIC 7310-7320) - Manufacturing and maintenance of locomotives, carriages, wagons and spare parts and maintenance of railway (ISIC 2710, 2811, 2911, 2915, 3190, 3520, 3710) - Generation of electric power to be used for train operation (ISIC 3110) - Production and distribution of satellite communication items (ISIC 3530, 6220, 6420) - Production and distribution of radar communication items and related equipment (ISIC 3312, 6420, 3832) - Production and distribution of radio communication items (ISIC 3210, 3220, 3230, 9213) - Production and domestic marketing of bridge connection items (PC Strand, PC bar, Anchor, etc.), steel frame, bally frame, plate girder, steel truss, bridge and related steel structure concrete, steel concrete, compressive strength of concrete and etc. (ISIC 4520, 4530, 4540, 2695, 2710, 6303, 2811) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : Investment activities in the above mentioned subsectors shall be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries under paragraph (D) of Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017. Source of Measure : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (d) - Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (D): Investment activities to be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries
5.
Sector : Agriculture Subsector : - Commercial livestock farming (ISIC 1110) - Breeder farm and hatchery (poultry) (ISIC 0140, 1511) - Genetical research, genetic conservation and distribution of animal breeds (ISIC 5121, 7310) - Importation, production and marketing of animal breeds (breeding animals, frozen semen straw and embryos) (ISIC 0121, 0140, 0122) - Laboratory services for the safety of animal feeds and animal products (ISIC 1533, 2429) - Laboratory services for the animal diseases diagnosis (ISIC 1533, 2429, 8511) - Services on research and surveillance for animal health (ISIC 8520) - Importing, production, domestic marketing and re-exporting of seed (ISIC 2921, 5239) - Importing, production and distribution of new species of plant (ISIC 0111, 0112, 2421) - Production and exporting of hybrid seeds (ISIC 0111, 0112, 0113, 1514, 2921) - Laboratory services for agriculture (ISIC 2919) - Research on agriculture and agricultural products (ISIC 7310) - Production of seasonal crops (ISIC 0113, 0111, 3699) - Traditional herbal cultivation and production (ISIC 0111, 0112, 2421) - Traditional medicine research and laboratory (ISIC 3311, 2423) - Pearl culturing and production (ISIC 0501, 3691) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : Investment activities in the above mentioned subsectors shall be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries under paragraph (D) of Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017. Source of Measure : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (d) - Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (D): Investment activities to be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries
6.
Sector : Fishery Subsector : - Investment in relation to fisheries resources and fish species (ISIC 0501, 0502) - Marine fishing (ISIC 0501) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : Investment activities in the above mentioned subsectors shall be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries under paragraph (D) of Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017. Source of Measure : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (d) - Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (D): Investment activities to be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries
7.
Sector : Fishery Subsector : - Fishing of marine fish, prawn and other aquatic organism (ISIC 0501) - Service related to processing on board for fish crustaceans and mollusk and other related services and exploitation of sea-products (ISIC 1511, 1512, 1549) - Service related to exploitation of freshwater fishery (ISIC 0501) - Quarantine quality control of aquaculture and processing product, service on supply of feed, medicine and chemical for aquaculture (ISIC 0502, 1512) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC / CPC 88200 Level of Government : Central (Marine Fisheries), State and Region (Fresh water) Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Description of Measure : If the investors desire to engage in a fishery in the exclusive economic zone, they shall apply to the Department of Fisheries in the prescribed form. Such an investor shall form a joint venture with State Organisation, current joint venture company or private Myanmar company, subject to the approval of the Government of Myanmar. In exceptional circumstances, the investor may apply for permission to operate a fishery in other fisheries water. [Chapter 3, para 6 of the Law relating to the Fishing Rights of Foreign Vessels (Law No. 11/89)] An investor who has been granted a fishery right on application under Section 6 of the Law relating to the Fishing Rights of Foreign Vessels (Law No. 11/89) shall obtain a licence and register at the Department of Fisheries. Source of Measure : - Law relating to the Fishing Rights of Foreign Vessels (Law No. 11/89) - Myanmar Marine Fisheries Law (Law No. 9/90) - According to Section 188, Table 2 of the Myanmar Constitution (2008) was transferred to ANNEX III – MY ANMAR – 15 State and Region Governments in 2011-2012 fiscal years.
8.
Sector : Forestry Subsector : - Logging in forest land and land administered by the Government of Myanmar (ISIC 0200) - Establishment of forest plantation (teak, hardwood, bamboo, cane etc) (ISIC 2010) - Wood-based industry and related businesses with implementation of forest plantation (ISIC 2010, 2021, 2023) - Eco-tourism based on forest area and natural land (ISIC 7513) - Reproduction and distribution of importing genetically modified organism and living modified organism for commercial purposes - Advanced technical research and commercial activities in production of improved valuable and rare tree species, conservation and tissue culture production (ISIC 0200, 7310, 7320) - Development of advanced technology, research and human resource in forest sector (ISIC 7320) - Importing of wildlife animals and plants for breeding and production, distribution at local or overseas through importation and exportation for commercial purposes (ISIC 0121, 0122, 0130) - Prospecting, survey, feasibility study and exploration with foreign investment for large scale production of mineral (ISIC 2699, 7422, 1421, 1429) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Description of Measure : Investment activities in the above mentioned subsectors shall be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries under paragraph (D) of Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017. Source of Measure : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (d) - Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (D): Investment activities to be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries.
9.
Sector : Forestry Subsector : - Extraction of teak and sale of teak (ISIC 0200) - Wood-based industry (ISIC 2010) - Cultivation and conservation of forest plantation with the exception of village-owned fire-wood plantation cultivated by the villager for personal use (ISIC 0200) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : According to Section 4 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, the Government of Myanmar may, by notification, permit in the interest of Myanmar any economic enterprise which is prescribed under Section 3 to be operated solely by the Government of Myanmar to be carried out by joint-venture between the Government and any other person or any other economic organisation or by any person or any economic organisation subject to conditions. According to Section 5 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, the Government of Myanmar may, by notification, prohibit or prescribe conditions regarding the purchase, procurement, improvement, storage, possession, transport, sale and transfer of products derived from or produced by or used by economic enterprises which are prescribed under Section 3 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989 to be carried out solely by the Government of Myanmar. According to the Notification No. 86/2017 of Myanmar Investment Commission, a foreign investor shall not be allowed to operate in wood-based industries which use raw timber extracted from natural forests of Myanmar. Source of Measure : Notification No.86/2017 of Myanmar Investment Commission
10.
Sector : Mining and Quarrying Subsector : - Exploration and Extraction of Natural Gas and Petroleum (ISIC 1110) - Services relating to Exploration and Extraction of Natural Gas and Petroleum. Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description of Measure : According to Section 3 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, exploration and extraction of natural gas and petroleum are restricted activities to be carried out solely by the Government of Myanmar. However, an investor who wants to engage in these activities shall complete the international bidding round when it is announced. The Management Committee shall consist of a total of seven members in total, four from the Myanmar side, one of whom shall act as Chairman and three from the investor side according to the agreement between the Ministry of Electric and Energy and the investor. Source of Measure : - State-owned Economic Enterprises Law (1989) - State-owned Economic Enterprises Law Related Directives
11.
Sector : Mining and Quarrying and Services incidental to Mining and Quarrying Subsector : - Prospecting, survey, feasibility study and exploration with foreign investment for large scale production of mineral (ISIC 1010, 1020, 1310, 1410) - Prospecting, survey, feasibility study and exploration with citizen investment for small, medium and large scale production of mineral (ISIC 1010, 1020, 1310, 1410) - Manufacturing and marketing of gems, jewellery and finished product with foreign investment (ISIC 1429, 3691) - Exploration, finishing and marketing of gem, jewellery and its product with citizen investment (ISIC 1429, 3691) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description of Measure : Under Section 3 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, the Government of Myanmar has the sole right to carry out the following economic activities as state-owned economic enterprises: 1. Exploration, extraction and export of pearl, jade and precious stone; and 2. Exploration, extraction and export of mineral; According to Section 4 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, the Government of Myanmar may, by notification, permit in the interest of Myanmar any economic enterprise which is prescribed under Section 3 to be operated solely by the Government of Myanmar to be carried out by joint venture between the Government of Myanmar and any other person or any other economic organisation or by any person or any economic organisation subject to conditions. According to Section 5 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, the Government of Myanmar may, by notification, prohibit or prescribe conditions regarding the purchase, procurement, improvement, storage, possession, transport, sale and transfer of products derived from or produced by or used by economic enterprises which are prescribed under Section 3 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, to be carried out solely by the Government of Myanmar. Investment activities in the above mentioned subsectors shall be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries under paragraph (D) of Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017. Source of Measure : - The State–owned Economic Enterprises Law (No.9/89) - The Myanmar Mines Law 1994 and its Amendment Law (2015) - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (d) - Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (D): Investment activities to be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries
12.
Sector : Mining and Quarrying and Services incidental to Mining and Quarrying Subsector : - Importing, producing, constructing and installing of equipment, accessory and part of installation as for construction of the various kind of offshore drilling (ISIC 3511, 4510, 1110, 1120) - Importing, producing, constructing and installing of equipment, accessory and part of installation as for exploring and interpreting of oil and gas by geological, geophysical and geochemical methods (ISIC 3511, 4510, 1110, 1120) - Importing, producing, constructing and installing of equipment, accessory and part of installation as for exploiting, producing and researching of oil and gas (ISIC 3511, 4510, 1110, 1120) - Importing, producing, constructing and installing of equipment, accessory and part of installation as for transporting and constructing pipe line network for oil and gas (ISIC 4020, 4510, 4520, 4530) Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : ISIC, CPC Level of Government : Central Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description of Measure : Under Section 3 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, the Government of Myanmar has the sole right to carry out the exploration, extraction and sale of petroleum and natural gas and production of products of the same as state-owned economic enterprises. According to Section 4 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, the Government of Myanmar may, by notification, permit in the interest of Myanmar any economic enterprise which is prescribed under Section 3 to be operated solely by the Government of Myanmar to be carried out by joint venture between the Government of Myanmar and any other person or any other economic organisation or under conditions by any person or any economic organisation subject to conditions. According to Section 5 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989, the Government of Myanmar may, by notification, prohibit or prescribe conditions regarding the purchase, procurement, improvement, storage, possession, transport, sale and transfer of products derived from or produced by or used by economic enterprises which are prescribed under Section 3 of the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law 1989 to be carried out solely by the Government of Myanmar. Investment activities in the above mentioned subsectors shall be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries under paragraph (D) of Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017. Source of Measure : - The State–owned Economic Enterprises Law (No.9/89) - The Oilfields Act 1918 and its amendment law (2010) - The Petroleum and Petroleum Product Law (2017) - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 42 (d) - Myanmar Investment Commission Notification No. 15/2017, paragraph (D): Investment activities to be carried out with the approval of the relevant ministries
13.
Sector : All Sectors (Land Ownership) Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central or Regional Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Description of Measure : State is the ultimate owner of all lands and all natural resources above and below the ground, above and beneath the water and in the atmosphere in the State and shall permit citizens right of private property, right of inheritance, right of private initiative and patent in accordance with the Law under the Myanmar Constitution 2008. Section 50(a) of the Myanmar Investment Law (2016) provides that an investor who obtains a permit or an endorsement under this Law has the right to obtain a long-term lease of land or building from the private owned or from the relevant government departments, governmental organisations managed by the Government of Myanmar, or owned by the Union in accordance with the stipulations in order to do investment. Citizen investors may invest in their own land or building in accordance with relevant laws. Section 50(e) of the Myanmar Investment Law 2016 provides that the Government of Myanmar may grant more favorable terms and conditions for the lease of land and the use of land by Myanmar citizen investors. However, government-owned lands, lands owned by the government department, organisation and private lands owned by the citizens can be leased up to initially 50 years depending upon the category of business, industry and the volume of amount and can be extendable for two consecutive terms of 10 years subject to the approval of the Myanmar Investment Commission. Source of Measure : - The Myanmar Constitution (2008) - Myanmar Investment Law (2016) Transfer of Immovable Property Restriction Act (1987) - Farmland Law (2012), Chapter III, Section 9(a-f) - Vacant, Fallow and Virgin Lands Management Law (2012), Chapter IV, Section 11(a-e), Chapter V, Section 12,14.
14.
Sector : All Sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : According to Section 76 of the Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain existing non-conforming measure with respect to: - funding, capacity building and training for Myanmar Citizen investors and citizen-owned small and medium enterprises; and - exemptions and reliefs for the locations where Myanmar Citizen-owned business operate or undertake other economic activities. Source of Measure : Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 76
15.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : Myanmar reserves the right to maintain existing measures relating to the following investments activities which are stipulated as the prohibited investments under Section 41 of Myanmar Investment Law: (a) investment activities which may bring or cause hazardous or poisonous wastes into the Union; (b) investment activities which may bring technologies, medicines, flora and fauna and instruments which are still being tested abroad, or which have not obtained approvals to use, plant or cultivate, except the investments which are made for the purpose of research and development; (c) investment activities which may affect the traditional culture and customs of the ethnic groups within the Union; (d) investment activities which may affect the public; (e) investment activities which may cause an enormous harmful impact to the natural environment and ecosystem; (f) investment activities which manufacture goods or provide services that are prohibited under the applicable laws. Source of Measure : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016), Section 41 - Myanmar Investment Rules (2017), rule 12
16.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All levels Type of Obligation : Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description of Measure : Myanmar reserves the rights to maintain existing measures relating to composition of board of directors which refers that a director shall be a resident in the Union. Source of Measure : Myanmar Companies Law (2017)
List B. Explanatory Notes
1. This List sets out pursuant to Article 10.8 (Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures), the specific sectors, subsectors or activities for which Myanmar may maintain existing, or adopt new or more restrictive, measures that do not conform with obligations imposed by:
(a) Article 10.3 (National Treatment);
(b) Article 10.4 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment);
(c) Article 10.6 (Prohibition of Performance Requirements); and
(d) Article 10.7 (Senior Management and Board of Directors).
2. This List sets out the following elements:
(a) Sector refers to the general sectors in which an entry is made;
(b) Subsector refers to specific sectors in which an entry is made;
(c) Industry Classification refers to the activities covered by the entry according to:
(i) the Central Product Classification (CPC) of the United Nations Statistics Division Version 2.1; or
(ii) International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Revision 3 for manufacturing, agriculture, fishery, forestry, mining and quarrying;
(d) Level of Government means the level of government either Central or Regional which maintain the measure for which an entry is made;
(e) Obligation Concerned specifies the obligations referred to in paragraph 1 that, pursuant to Article 10.8 (Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures), do not apply to the sectors, subsectors or activities listed in the entry;
(f) Description sets out the scope or nature of the sector, subsector, or activities covered by the entry; and
(g) Existing Measures are identified for transparency purpose only, for existing measure that apply to the sector, subsector or activities covered by the entry.
3. In the interpretation of an entry, all elements of an entry shall be considered. The Description element shall prevail over all other elements.
4. Notwithstanding the obligations contained in List A, where there is overlap between the contents of List A and this List, Myanmar may adopt or maintain relevant measures in accordance with this List.
5. In this List:
(a) “Direct Investment” means an investment in which the investor has the right to control, influence or manage, of such assets which are invested by the investor within the Union in accordance with the law;
(b) “Foreign Investment” means any direct investment made by a foreign investor within the Union; and
(c) “Union” means the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
6. For greater certainty, Myanmar reserves the rights to adopt or maintain any measures with regard to services sectors, subject to Chapter 8 (Trade in Services).
1.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure that accords more favourable treatment to the investors of non-Parties under any international agreement or arrangement in force or signed before the date of entry into force of this Agreement. Existing Measures : -
2.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure and mechanism relating to: 1. Preferential treatment accorded to investors or their investments under any existing or future bilateral, regional or international agreements or arrangements, or any form of economic or regional cooperation of which Myanmar is or may become a party; and 2. Any existing or future preferential treatment accorded to investors or their investments in any agreement or arrangement between or among Member States of ASEAN. Existing Measures : -
3.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Senior Management and Board of Director (Article 10.7) Description : 1. Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure relating to investment or the supply of services in sectors or industries other than those recognised or other than those that should have been recognised by the Government of Myanmar owing to the circumstances at the date of entry into force of this Agreement for it. Any sectors or industries classified positively and explicitly in ISIC or CPC, at the date of entry into force of this Agreement for Myanmar should have been recognised by the Government of Myanmar at that time. 2. Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to new sectors or industries. Any sector classified in the ISIC Code version 3 or CPC version 2.1 as of the date of entry into force of this Agreement shall not be considered a new sector or industry for the purposes of this entry. Existing Measures : -
4.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure relating to national defense, public order and security. Existing Measures : -
5.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure relating to the following sectors: 1. investment which is administered and operated by law of the concerned ministries and organisations; 2. banking, insurance and financial services. Existing Measures : The State–owned Economic Enterprises Law (No.9/89)
6.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure and condition imposed in approvals for licences or permits to the companies or projects which were in existence before the date of entry into force of this Agreement. Existing Measures : -
7.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure, with respect to the establishment or acquisition of an investment pursuant to Section 47(a) of the Myanmar Investment Law (2016). Existing Measures : -
8.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the rights to adopt or maintain any measure relating to investment activities which may socially or economically disadvantage the indigenous people. Existing Measures : - The Myanmar Constitution (2008), Sections 96, 188 and 196 - Myanmar Investment Rules
9.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Description : Myanmar reserves the rights to adopt or maintain any measure relating to the acquisition or usage of land in the territory of Myanmar, including development and usage of land or other type of activities which may be conducted on land in accordance with its land zoning, land usage, urban planning, development control, conservation and preservation policies as well as policies relating to environmental protection, nature reserve and national park. Existing Measures : -
10.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure relating to health assessment, cultural heritage impact assessment, environmental impact assessment and social impact assessment. Existing Measures : -
11.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to real estate development, supply, management, sale and rental services. Existing Measures : -
12.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure affecting the land, cultural heritage, natural and mineral resources associated with land. Existing Measures : -
13.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure affecting the administration, management and operation of any state-owned economic enterprises. Existing Measures : -
14.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to investor or investment relating to portfolio investments. Existing Measures : -
15.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : All Levels Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure relating to special preferences or treatments granted to small and medium enterprises. Existing Measures : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016) - Myanmar Companies Law (2017) - Small and Medium Enterprises Development Law (2015)
16.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description : According to rule 12 of the Myanmar Investment Rules, the Myanmar Investment Commission may issue notifications of prohibited investment activities with the approval of the Government of Myanmar accordingly. Existing Measures : - Myanmar Investment Law (2016) - Myanmar Investment Rules (2017)
17.
Sector : Manufacturing Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central or Regional Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to the following investment activities: 1. tobacco and tobacco related products; 2. manufacturing and marketing of malt and malt liquors and non-aerated products; and 3. distilling, blending, rectifying, bottling and marketing of all kinds of spirits, alcohol, alcoholic beverages and non-alcoholic beverages. Existing Measures : -
18.
Sector : Agriculture Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central or Regional Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to any agriculture activity relating to the following: 1. production and cultivating of seasonal crops; 2. contract farming; 3. production and exportation of oil seed; 4. production and cultivating of perennial crop; 5. production of orchards; and 6. exploration, extraction and export of pearls. Existing Measures : -
19.
Sector : Fishery Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central or Regional Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to marine fishing, breeding and production of fish and prawns in fresh water and seawater. Existing Measures : The State-owned Economic Enterprises Law (1989)
20.
Sector : Forestry Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central or Regional Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to the extraction of wood and teak, logging in forest land and land administered by the Government of Myanmar, sale of teak, wood and wood product within the country and abroad, and any activity relating to wood industry which uses raw timber extracted from natural forests. Existing Measures : - Notification No. 86/2017 of Myanmar Investment Commission - The State-owned Economic Enterprises Law (1989)
21.
Sector : Mining and Quarrying and Services incidental to Mining and Quarrying Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central or Regional Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to: - exploration, production and sale of natural gas and petroleum; - services relating to exploration and production of natural gas and petroleum; - exploration, extraction and export of metals; - exploration, extraction and export of jade and precious stones; and - exploration, extraction and export of construction and decoration rock. Existing Measures : The State-owned Economic Enterprises Law (1989)
22.
Sector : Mining and Quarrying and Services incidental to Mining and Quarrying Subsector : - Industry Classification (ISIC / CPC) : - Level of Government : Central or Regional Obligation Concerned : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description : Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to prospecting, exploration, production, purchasing, storing, processing, transportation, selling and transferring of any mineral, gemstone, metallic mineral, industrial mineral or stone pursuant to the Myanmar Mines Law and its amendment Law. Existing Measures : - The Myanmar Mines Law, 1994 and its amendment Law (2015) - The State-owned Economic Enterprises Law (1989)
23.
Sector
:
Electricity Generating
Subsector
:
Electricity Generating and Electricity Generating Services
Industry Classification
(ISIC / CPC)
:
-
Level of Government
:
Central or Regional
Obligation Concerned
:
National Treatment (Article 10.3)
Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6)
Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7)
Description
:
Myanmar reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to prospecting, exploration, production, purchasing, storing, processing, transportation, selling and transferring of any electricity generation pursuant to the State-owned Economic Enterprises Law (1989).
Existing Measures
:
The State-owned Economic Enterprises Law (1989)
The Philippines
List A. Explanatory Notes
1. This List sets out, pursuant to Article 10.8 (Reservations and Non-Conforming Measures), measures that do not conform to the obligations under:
(a) Article 10.3 (National Treatment);
(b) Article 10.4 (Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment);
(c) Article 10.6 (Prohibition of Performance Requirements); and
(d) Article 10.7 (Senior Management and Board of Directors).
2. This List and List B follow the negative list with two list approach as follows:
(a) This List sets out commitments in relation to existing non-conforming measures which will be subject to standstill obligations but not subject to ratchet mechanism; and
(b) List B sets out policy flexibility in relation to measures in sectors, subsectors and activities.
3. The Philippines may add, withdraw or modify any of its reservations as set out in this List for a period of 24 months from the date of entry into force of this Schedule, provided that the non-conforming measure is in existence as of the date of entry into force of this Agreement. Any addition, withdrawal or modification in this List will be submitted to the Depositary who will notify the other Parties, including the relevant laws and regulations. Such reservation shall be deemed to form part of this Schedule upon such notification.
4. Each reservation shall set out the following elements, where applicable:
(a) Sector refers to the sectors in which a reservation is taken;
(b) Subsector refers to specific industries, products, or activities in which a reservation is taken;
(c) Industry Classification refers to the activities covered by the reservation according to International Standard Industrial Classification (hereinafter referred to as “ISIC”) Revision 3 for manufacturing, agriculture, fishery, forestry, mining and quarrying. If the reservation does not exactly conform to the ISIC, the Philippines specified the coverage of the reservation, as necessary and appropriate;
(d) Level of Government specifies the level of government maintaining the measure for which a reservation is taken;
(e) Type of Obligation refers to the obligation of National Treatment, Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment, Prohibition of Performance Requirements, and Senior Management and Board of Directors, as the case may be, which do not apply to the listed measure;
(f) Description of Measure refers to measures that do not conform to National Treatment, Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment, Prohibition of Performance Requirements, and Senior Management and Board of Directors for which a reservation is taken; and
(g) Source of Measure refers to existing measures that apply to the sector, subsector or activities covered by the reservations and is identified for transparency purposes only.
5. In the interpretation of a reservation, all elements of a reservation shall be considered. The Description of Measure element shall prevail over all other elements.
6. These Explanatory Notes shall form part of this List.
1.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification : - Level of Government : All levels Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description of Measure : Establishment of Domestic Corporation (a) Number of incorporators shall be natural persons, not less than five but not more than 15, all of legal age; (b) Majority of the incorporators and directors shall be residents of the Philippines; and (c) Corporate Secretary shall be a citizen and resident of the Philippines. Participation of foreign investors in entities engaged in partially nationalized activities and public utilities For public utility enterprises or corporations engaging in partially nationalized activities, the President and all the executive and managing officers of such corporation or association must be citizens of the Philippines. The participation of foreign investors in the governing body of said enterprise shall be limited to their proportionate share in its capital. Establishment of Cooperative No foreign equity is allowed. Domestic and Export Enterprise Small and medium-sized domestic market enterprises are reserved to Philippine nationals, however, the Philippines may allow up to a maximum of 40 percent foreign equity in small and medium-sized domestic market enterprises, subject to compliance with requirements, terms and conditions. A non-Philippine national not otherwise disqualified by law may do business or invest in a domestic enterprise up to 100 percent of its capital, provided: (a) it is investing in a domestic market enterprise in areas outside the Foreign Investment Negative List under the Foreign Investments Act of 1991; or (b) it is investing in an export enterprise whose products and services do not fall within Lists A and B of the Foreign Investment Negative List under the Foreign Investments Act of 1991. Provided, further, that, as required by existing laws, the country or state of the applicant must also allow Filipino citizens and corporations to do business therein. Note: “Philippine national” shall mean a citizen of the Philippines or a domestic partnership or association wholly owned by citizens of the Philippines; or a corporation organized under the laws of the Philippines of which at least sixty percent (60%) of the capital stock outstanding and entitled to vote is owned and held by citizens of the Philippines; or a corporation organized abroad and registered as doing business in the Philippines under the Corporation Code of which one hundred percent (100%) of the capital stock outstanding and entitled to vote is wholly owned by Filipinos or a trustee of funds for pension or other employee retirement or separation benefits, where the trustee is a Philippine national and at least sixty percent (60%) of the fund will accrue to the benefit of the Philippine nationals: Provided, that where a corporation and its non-Filipino stockholders own stocks in a Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registered enterprise, at least sixty percent (60%) of the capital stocks outstanding and entitled to vote of both corporations must be owned and held by citizens of the Philippines and at least sixty percent (60%) of the members of the Board of Directors of both corporations must be citizens of the Philippines, in order that the corporations shall be considered a Philippine national. Individuals or entities that do not meet the aforementioned qualifications are considered as “non-Philippine nationals”. “Export enterprise” shall mean an enterprise wherein a manufacturer, processor or service (including tourism) enterprise exports sixty percent (60%) or more of its output, or wherein a trader purchases products domestically and exports sixty percent (60%) or more of such purchases. Designation of Resident Agent A foreign corporation shall be required to file a written power of attorney designating some person who must be a resident of the Philippines, on whom any summons and other legal processes may be served. Branches and Regional Operating Headquarters Foreign Enterprises may establish Regional Operating Headquarters provided it shall register the same with the appropriate government agency and shall be subject to relevant rules and regulations. Source of Measure : - The 1987 Philippine Constitution - Batas Pambansa Blg. 68, The Corporation Code of the Philippines - Commonwealth Act No. 108, An Act to Punish Acts of Evasion of Laws on the Nationalization of Certain Rights, Franchises or Privileges, as amended by Presidential Decree No. 715, Otherwise known as “The Anti-Dummy Law”, as may be amended - Republic Act (R.A.) No. 7042, the Foreign Investments Act of 1991, as amended and its Implementing Rules and Regulations - R.A. No. 9520, the Philippine Cooperative Code of 2008 - R.A. No. 6977, the Magna Carta for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), as amended by R.A. No. 8289 and R.A. No. 9501 - R.A. No. 9178, the Barangay Micro Business Enterprises Act of 2002 - R.A. No. 8756, An Act Providing for the Terms, Conditions and Licensing Requirements of Regional or Area Headquarters, Regional Operating Headquarters, and Regional Warehouses of Multinational Companies, Amending for the Purposes Certain Provisions of Executive Order No. 226, the Omnibus Investments Code of 1987 - Securities and Exchange Commission Issuances and Opinions
2.
Sector : All sectors Subsector : - Industry Classification : - Level of Government : All levels Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Description of Measure : The Philippines protects the nation’s marine wealth in its archipelagic waters, territorial sea, and exclusive economic zone, and reserves its use and enjoyment exclusively to Filipino citizens. Small-scale utilization of natural resources is allowed only to Filipino citizens, as well as cooperative fish farming, with priority to subsistence fishermen and fish workers in rivers, lakes, bays, and lagoons. Source of Measure : - The 1987 Philippine Constitution - R.A. No. 7160, the Local Government Code of 1991 - R.A. No. 7942, the Philippine Mining Act of 1995 - R.A. No. 7076, the People’s Small-Scale Mining Act of 1991 - R.A. No. 8550, the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998, as amended by R.A. No. 10654, An Act to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Amending Republic Act No. 8550, Otherwise Known as “The Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998,” and for Other Purposes - Presidential Decree No. 705, s. 1975, the Revised Forestry Code of the Philippines
3.
Sector : Fisheries and Aquaculture Subsector : - Industry Classification : ISIC 050 Fishing, aquaculture and service activities incidental to fishing Level of Government : All levels Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Description of Measure : The use and exploitation of the fishery and aquatic resources in Philippine waters shall be reserved exclusively to Filipinos. Municipal Fishing All fishery activities in municipal waters shall be utilized by municipal fisherfolk and their cooperatives or organizations who are listed as such in the registry of municipal fisherfolk. Commercial Fishing No commercial fishing vessel license shall be issued except to citizens of the Philippines, partnerships or to associations, cooperatives or corporations duly registered in the Philippines at least 60 percent of the capital stock1 of which is owned by Filipino citizens, subject to requirements and compliance with certain conditions. Foreign owned vessels are not allowed to conduct fishing operations in all Philippine waters. Note: There is a moratorium on the issuance of commercial fishing vessel and gear licenses and other clearances. Fishpond No fishpond lease agreements may be issued for public lands that may be declared available for development primarily except to citizens of the Philippines, or fisherfolk cooperatives or associations. In the absence of such citizens or fisherfolk cooperatives of associations, corporations duly incorporated in the Philippines at least 60 percent of the capital stock of which is owned by Filipino citizens may be granted fishpond lease agreement subject to requirements and compliance with certain conditions. Aquaculture Aquaculture is reserved for citizens of the Philippines and corporations or associations duly incorporated under the laws of the Philippines where at least 60 percent of the capital stock2 or interest belongs to citizens of the Philippines, subject to requirements and compliance with certain conditions. Source of Measure : - R.A. No. 8550, the Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998, as amended by R.A. No. 10654 - Presidential Decree No. 704 (May 16, 1975), the Fisheries Decree of 1975 - R.A. No. 7160, the Local Government Code of 1991 - Administrative Issuances
4.
Sector : Mining and Quarrying Subsector : Salt Production Industry Classification : ISIC 1422 Extraction of salt Level of Government : All levels Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Senior Management and Board of Directors (Article 10.7) Description of Measure : Only Filipino citizens of legal age, corporation, association or cooperative duly constituted under the laws of the Philippines, 60 percent of the capital (3) of which is owned by Filipino citizens may enter into a Salt Production Sharing Agreement with the Philippine Government, subject to compliance requirements and terms and conditions. Source of Measure : - The 1987 Philippine Constitution - Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Administrative Order No. 1998-67, as amended
5.
Sector : Mining and Quarrying Subsector : Small Scale Mining Industry Classification : - Level of Government : All levels Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Description of Measure : Small-scale mining is reserved to Filipino citizens who, individually or in the company of other Filipino citizens, voluntarily form a cooperative duly licensed by the Philippine Government. The processing of mineral ores and minerals they produced is reserved to Filipino citizens. Source of Measure : - The 1987 Philippine Constitution - R.A. No. 7942, the Philippine Mining Act of 1995 - R.A. No. 7076, the People’s Small-Scale Mining Act of 1991 - R.A. No. 7586, the National Integrated Protected Areas System of 1992 - R.A. No. 7160, the Local Government Code of 1991 - Administrative Issuances
6.
Sector : Manufacturing Subsector : Defense-related manufacturing and repair activities, manufacture of firecrackers and other pyrotechnic devices, and dangerous drugs Industry Classification : ISIC Division 24, Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products ISIC 242 Manufacture of other chemical products n.e.c. ISIC Group 2927, Manufacture of arms and ammunitions ISIC Division 35, Manufacture of other transport equipment Level of Government : All levels Type of Obligation : National Treatment (Article 10.3) Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Article 10.4) Prohibition of Performance Requirements (Article 10.6) Description of Measure : Defense-related activities, such as the manufacture, repair, storage or distribution of firearms, ammunition, lethal weapons, military ordinance, explosives, pyrotechnics and similar materials, shall be limited only to Filipino citizens, corporation, association or cooperative duly constituted under the laws of the Philippines, 60 percent of the capital of which is owned by Filipino citizens, subject to prior clearance and authorization from the Philippine Government. A license or permit to manufacture or to deal in wholesale or retail of firecrackers and pyrotechnic devices shall be issued only to: (a) Filipino citizens of good moral character; or (b) entities with 100 percent capitalization owned by Filipino citizens. Manufacture of dangerous drugs is limited only to Filipino citizens, corporation, association or cooperative duly constituted under the laws of the Philippines, 60 percent of the capital of which is owned by Filipino citizens, subject to prior clearance and authorization from the Philippine Government. Source of Measure : - The 1987 Philippine Constitution - R.A. No. 7042, the Foreign Investments Act of 1991, as amended by R.A. No. 8179 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations - R.A. No. 9165, the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 R.A. No. 7183, An Act Regulating the Sale, Manufacture, Distribution and Use of Firecrackers and other Pyrotechnic Devices