In AT:
Authoisations are given with priority to nationals of a Member State of the EEA (CPC 63108).
Measures:
AT: Tobacco Monopoly Act 1996, § 5 and § 27.
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With respect to Inve Cross-border trade in services âNational treatment:
In IT: In order to distribute and sell tobacco, a licence is needed. The licence is granted through public procedures. The granting of licences is subject to an economic needs test. Main criteria: population and geographical density of existing selling points (part of CPC 6222, part of 6310).
Measures:
IT: Legislative Decree 184/2003;
Law 165/1962;
Law 3/2003;
Law 1293/1957;
Law 907/1942; and
Decree of the President of the Republic (D.P.R.) 1074/1958.
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Reservation No. 9 - Education services
Sector â sub-sector: Education services (privately funded)
Industry classification: CPC 921, 922, 923, 924
Type of reservation:
National treatment
Senior management and boards of directors
Local presence Chapter: Investment liberalisation; Cross-border trade in services Level of government: EU/Member State (unless otherwise specified)
Description:
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment, Senior management and
boards of directors:
In CY: Nationality of a Member State is required for owners and majority shareholders in a privately funded school. Nationals of Chile may obtain authorisation from the Minister (of
Education) in accordance with the specified form and conditions. Measures: CY: Private Schools Law of 2019 (N. 147(D/2019), as amended; The Institutions of Tertiary
Education Law 1996 (N. 67(D/1996) as amended; and Tthe Private Universities (Establishment, Operation and Control) Law 2005 (N. 109(1)/2005) as amended.
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment and Cross-border trade in
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services âNational treatment, Local presence:
In BG: Privately funded primary and secondary education services may only be supplied by authorised Bulgarian enterprises (commercial presence is required). Bulgarian kindergartens and schools having foreign participation may be established or transformed at the request of associations, or corporations, or enterprises of Bulgarian and foreign natural or legal entities, duly registered in Bulgaria, by decision of the Council of Ministers on a motion by the Minister of Educationand Science. Foreign owned kindergartens and schools may be established or transformed at the request of foreign legal entities in accordance with international agreements and conventions and under the provisions above. Foreign higher education institutions cannot establish subsidiaries in the territory of Bulgaria. Foreign higher education institutions may open faculties, departments, institutes and colleges in Bulgaria only within the structure of Bulgarian high schools and in cooperation with them (CPC 921, 922).
Measures:
BG: Pre-school and School Education Act; and Law for the Higher Education, paragraph 4 of the additional provisions.
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment, Local presence:
In SI: Privately funded elementary schools may be founded by Slovenian natural or legal persons only. The service supplier must establish a registered office or branch office (CPC 921).
Measures:
SL Organisation and Financing of Education Act (Official Gazette of Republic of Slovenia, no. 12/1996) and its revisions, Article 40.
With respect to Cross-border trade in services â Local presence:
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In CZ and SK: Establishment in a Member State is required to apply for state approval to operate as a privately funded higher education institution. This reservation does not apply to post-secondary technical and vocational education services (CPC 92310).
Measures:
CZ: Act No. 111/1998, Coll. (Higher Education Act), § 39; and Act No. 561/2004 Coll. on Pre-school, Basic, Secondary, Tertiary Professional and Other Education (the Education Act).
SK: Law No. 131 of 21 February 2002 on Universities.
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment, Senior management and
boards of directors and Cross-border trade inservices â Local presence:
In EL: Nationality of a Member State is required for owners and a majority of the members of the board of directors in privately funded primary and secondary schools, and for teachers in privately funded primary and secondary education (CPC 921, 922). Education at university level shall be provided exclusively by institutions which are fully self-governed public law legal persons. However, Law 3696/2008 permits the establishment by Union residents (natural or legal persons) of private tertiary education institutions granting certificates which are not recognised as being equivalent to university degrees (CPC 923).
Measures:
EL: Laws 682/1977, 284/1968, 2545/1940, Presidential Degree 211/1994 as amended by Presidential Degree 394/1997, Constitution of Hellas, Article 16, paragraph 5 and Law 3549/2007.
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment, Most-favoured nation
treatment and Cross-border trade in services âNational treatment:
In FR: Nationality of a Member State is required in order to teach in a privately funded
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educational institution (CPC 921, 922, 923). However, nationals of Chile may obtain an authorisation from the relevant competent authorities in order to teach in primary, secondary and higher level educational institutions. Nationals of Chile may also obtain an authorisation from the relevant competent authorities in order to establish and operate or manage primary, secondary or higher level educational institutions. Such authorisation is granted on a
discretionary basis.
Measures:
FR: Code de l'éducation.
With respect to Investment â National treatment and Cross-border trade in services âNational
treatment:
In MT: Service suppliers seeking to provide privately funded higher or adult education services must obtain a licence from the Ministry of Education and Employment. The decision on whether to issue a licence may be discretionary (CPC 923, 924).
Measures:
MT: Legal Notice 296 of 2012.
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Reservation No. 10 - Environmental services
Sector â sub-sector: Environmental services â processing and recycling of used batteries and accumulators, old cars and waste from electrical and electronic equipment; protection of ambient air and climate
cleaning services of exhaust gases
Industry classification: Part of CPC 9402, 9404
Type of reservation: Local presence
Chapter Chapter: Cross-border Trade In Services
Level of government: EU/Member State (unless otherwise specified) Description:
In SE: Only entities established in Sweden or having their principal seat in Sweden are eligible for accreditation to perform control services of exhaust gas (CPC 9404).
In SK: For processing and recycling of used batteries and accumulators, waste oils, old cars and waste from electrical and electronic equipment, incorporation in the EEA is required (residency requirement) (part of CPC 9402).
Measures:
SE: The Vehicles Act (2002:574).
SK: Act 79/2015 on Waste.
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Reservation No. 11 - Health services and social services
Sector â sub-sector: Health services and social services
Industry classification: CPC 931, 933
Type of reservation:
National treatment Chapter: Investment liberalisation and Cross-border trade in services Level of government: EU/Member State (unless otherwise specified)
Description:
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment:
In FR: For hospital and ambulance services, residential health facilities (other than hospital services) and social services, an authorisation is necessary in order to exercise management functions. The authorisation process takes into account the availability of local managers. Measures:
FR: Loi 90-1258 relative a l'exercice sous forme de société des professions libérales, Loi
n°2011-940 du 10 aoft 2011 modifiant certaines dipositions de la loi n°2009-879 dite HPST, Loi n°47-1775 portant statut de la coopération; and Code de la santé publique.
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Reservation No. 12 - Tourism and travel related services
Sector â sub-sector: Tourism and travel related services - hotels, restaurants and catering; travel agencies and tour operators services (including tour managers); tourist guides services
Industry classification: CPC 641, 642, 643, 7471, 7472
Type of reservation:
National treatment
Senior management and boards of directors
Local presence Chapter: Investment liberalisation; Cross-border trade in services Level of government: EU/Member State (unless otherwise specified)
Description:
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment, Senior management and
boards of directors and Cross-border trade in services âNational treatment:
In BG: Tour operation or travel agency services may be provided by a person established in the EEA if, upon establishment in the territory of Bulgaria, the said person presents a copy of a document certifying the right thereof to practice that activity and a certificate or another document issued by a credit institution or an insurer containing data of the existence of insurance covering the liability of the said person for damage which may ensue as a result of a culpable non-fulfilment of professional duties. The number of foreign managers may not exceed the number of managers who are Bulgarian nationals, in cases where the public (state or municipal) share in the equity capital of a Bulgarian company exceeds 50 per cent. EEA nationality requirement for tourist guides (CPC 641, 642, 643, 7471, 7472).
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Measures:
BG: Law for Tourism, Articles 61, 113 and 146.
With respect to Investment liberalisation â MarNational treatment and Cross-border trade in
services âNational treatment, Local presence:
In CY: A licence to establish and operate a tourism and travel company or agency, as well as the renewal of an operating licence of an existing company or agency, shall be granted only to European Union natural or legal persons. No non-resident company except those established in another Member State, can provide in the Republic of Cyprus, on an organised or permanent basis, the activities referred to under Article 3 of the abovementioned Law, unless represented by a resident company. The provision of tourist guide services and travel agencies and tour operators services requires nationality of a Member State (CPC 7471, 7472).
Measures:
CY: The Tourism and Travel Offices and Tourist Guides Law 1995 (Law 41(D/1995) as amended).
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment, Most-favoured nation treatment and Cross-border trade in services âNational treatment, Most-favoured nation
treatment:
In EL: Third-country nationals have to obtain a diploma from the Tourist Guide Schools of the Greek Ministry of Tourism, in order to be entitled to the right of practicing the profession. By exception, the right of practicing the profession can be temporarily (up to one year) accorded to third-country nationals under certain explicitly defined conditions, by way of derogation of the above mentioned provisions, in the event of the confirmed absence of a
tourist guide for a specific language.
With respect to Investment liberalisation âNational treatment and Cross-border trade in
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services âNational treatment,:
In ES (for ES applies also to the regional level of government): Nationality of a Member State is required for the provision of tourist guide services (CPC 7472).
In HR: EEA nationality is required for hospitality and catering services in households and rural homesteads (CPC 641, 642, 643, 7471, 7472).
Measures:
EL: Presidential Degree 38/2010, Ministerial Decision 165261/IA/2010 (Gov. Gazette 2157/B), Article 50 of the law 4403/2016, Article 47 of the law 4582/2018 (Gov. Gazette 208/A).
ES: Andalucia: Decreto 8/2015, de 20 de enero, Regulador de gufas de turismo de Andalucfa; Aragén: Decreto 21/2015, de 24 de febrero, Reglamento de Gufas de turismo de Aragén; Cantabria: Decreto 51/2001, de 24 de julio, Article 4, por el que se modifica el Decreto 32/1997, de 25 de abril, por el que se aprueba el reglamento para el ejercicio de actividades turisticoinformativas privadas;
Castilla y Leén: Decreto 25/2000, de 10 de febrero, por el que se modifica el Decreto 101/1995, de 25 de mayo, por el que se regula la profesién de gufa de turismo de la Comunidad Auténoma de Castilla y Leén;
Castilla la Mancha: Decreto 86/2006, de 17 de julio, de Ordenacién de las Profesiones Turisticas;
Catalufia: Decreto Legislativo 3/2010, de 5 de octubre, para la adecuacién de normas con rango de ley a la Directiva 2006/123/CE, del Parlamento y del Consejo, de 12 de diciembre de 2006, relativa a los servicios en el mercado interior, Article 88;
Comunidad de Madrid: Decreto 84/2006, de 26 de octubre del Consejo de Gobierno, por el que se modifica el Decreto 47/1996, de 28 de marzo;
Comunidad Valenciana: Decreto 90/2010, de 21 de mayo, del Consell, por el que se modifica el reglamento regulador de la profesién de guia de turismo en el ambito territorial de la Comunitat Valenciana, aprobado por el Decreto 62/1996, de 25 de marzo, del Consell; Extremadura: Decreto 37/2015, de 17 de marzo;
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Galicia: Decreto 42/2001, de 1 de febrero, de Refundicién en materia de agencias de viajes, guias de turismo y turismo activo;
Illes Balears: Decreto 136/2000, de 22 de septiembre, por el cual se modifica el Decreto 112/1996, de 21 de junio, por el que se regula la habilitacién de gufa turfstico en las Islas Baleares; Islas Canarias: Decreto 13/2010, de 11 de febrero, por el que se regula el acceso y ejercicio de la profesién de gufa de turismo en la Comunidad Auténoma de Canarias,
Article 5.
La Rioja: Decreto 14/2001, de 4 de marzo, Reglamento de desarrollo de la Ley de Turismo de La Rioja;
Navarra: Decreto Foral 288/2004, de 23 de agosto. Reglamento para actividad de empresas de turismo activo y cultural de Navarra.
Principado de Asturias: Decreto 59/2007, de 24 de mayo, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento regulador de la profesién de Guia de Turismo en el Principado de Asturias; and
Regién de Murcia: Decreto n.° 37/2011, de 8 de abril, por el que se modifican diversos decretos en materia de turismo para su adaptacién a la ley 11/1997, de 12 de diciembre, de turismo de la Regién de Murcia tras su modificacién por la ley 12/2009, de 11 de diciembre, por la que se modifican diversas leyes para su adaptaci6n a la directiva 2006/123/CE, del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo de 12 de diciembre de 2006, relativa a los servicios en el
mercado interior.
HR: Hospitality and Catering Industry Act (OG 138/06, 152/08, 43/09, 88/10 i 50/12); and Act on Provision of Tourism Services (OG No. 68/07 and 88/10).
With respect to Investment liberalisation â National treatment and Cross-border trade in
services âNational treatment:
In HU: The supply of travel agent and tour operator services, and tourist guide services on a cross-border basis is subject to a licence issued by the Hungarian Trade Licensing Office. Licences are reserved to EEA nationals and legal persons having their seats in the EEA (CPC 7471, 7472).
In IT (applies also to the regional level of government): tourist guides from non-European
Union countries need to obtain a specific licence from the region in order to act as a
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professional tourist guide. Tourist guides from Member States can work freely without the requirement for such a licence. The licence is granted to tourist guides demonstrating adequate competence and knowledge (CPC 7472).
Measures:
HU: Act CLXIV of 2005 on Trade, Government Decree No. 213/1996 (XII.23.) on Travel Organisation and Agency Activities.
IT: Law 135/2001 Articles 7.5 and 6; and Law 40/2007 (DL 7/2007).
Reservation No. 13 - Recreational, cultural and sporting services
Sector â sub-sector: Recreational services; other sporting services
Industry classification: | CPC 962, part of 96419
Type of reservation:
National treatment
Senior management and boards of directors