EU - Moldova, Republic of Association Agreement (2014)
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A regular dialogue will take place on the issues covered by this Chapter.

Chapter 8. Taxation

Article 52.

The Parties shall cooperate to enhance good governance in the tax area, with a view to the further improvement of economic relations, trade, investment and fair competition.

Article 53.

With reference to Article 52 of this Agreement, the Parties recognise and commit themselves to implement the principles of good governance in the tax area, ie. the principles of transparency, exchange of information and fair tax competition, as subscribed to by Member States at EU level. To that effect, without prejudice to EU and Member State competences, the Parties will improve international cooperation in the tax area, facilitate the collection of legitimate tax revenues, and develop measures for the effective implementation of the above mentioned principles.

Article 54.

The Parties shall enhance and strengthen their cooperation aimed at the improvement and development of the Republic of Moldova's tax system and administration, including the enhancement of collection and control capacity, with a specific focus on Value Added Tax (VAT) refund procedures, to avoid accumulation of arrears, ensure effective tax collection and reinforce the fight against tax fraud and tax avoidance. The Parties shall strive to enhance cooperation and sharing of experiences in combating tax fraud, and in particular carousel fraud.

Article 55.

The Parties shall develop their cooperation and harmonise policies in counteracting and fighting fraud and the smuggling of excisable products. That cooperation will include, inter alia, the gradual approximation of excise rates on tobacco products, as far as possible, taking into account the constraints of the regional context, including through a dialogue at regional level and in line with the World Health Organisation Framework Convention on Tobacco Control of 2003 (WHO FCTC). To that end, the Parties will strive to strengthen their cooperation within the regional context.

Article 56.

A regular dialogue will take place on the issues covered by this Chapter.

Article 57.

The Republic of Moldova shall carry out approximation of its legislation to the EU acts and international instruments referred to in Annex VI to this Agreement according to the provisions of that Annex.

Chapter 9. Financial Services

Article 58.

Recognising the relevance of an effective set of rules and practices in the areas of financial services to establish a fully-functioning market economy and in order to foster trade exchanges among the Parties, the Parties agree to cooperate in the area of financial services in line with the following objectives:

(a) supporting the process of adapting financial services regulation to the needs of an open market economy;

(b) ensuring effective and adequate protection of investors and other consumers of financial services;

(c) ensuring the stability and integrity of the financial system of the Republic of Moldova in its entirety; (d) promoting cooperation between different actors of the financial system, including regulators and supervisors; and

(e) ensuring independent and effective supervision.

Article 59.

1. The Parties shall encourage cooperation between relevant regulatory and supervisory authorities, including infor- mation exchange, sharing of expertise on financial markets and other such measures.

2. Special attention shall be paid to the development of administrative capacity of such authorities, including through personnel exchange and joint training.

Article 60.

A regular dialogue will take place on the issues covered by this Chapter.

Article 61.

The Republic of Moldova shall carry out approximation of its legislation to the EU acts and international instruments referred to in Annex XXVIII-A to this Agreement, according to the provisions of that Annex.

Chapter 10. Industrial and Enterprise Policy

Article 62.

The Parties shall develop and strengthen their cooperation on industrial and enterprise policy, thereby improving the business environment for all economic operators, but with particular emphasis on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Enhanced cooperation should improve the administrative and regulatory framework for both EU businesses and businesses of the Republic of Moldova operating in the EU and in the Republic of Moldova, and should be based on the EU's SME and industrial policies, taking into account internationally recognised principles and practices in this field.

Article 63.

To those ends, the Parties shall cooperate in order to:

(a) implement strategies for SME development, based on the principles of the Small Business Act for Europe, and monitoring of the implementation process through regular reporting and dialogue. That cooperation will also include a focus on micro enterprises, which are extremely important for both the economies of the EU and of the Republic of Moldova;

(b) create better framework conditions, via the exchange of information and good practice, thereby contributing to improving competitiveness. That cooperation will include the management of structural changes (restructuring), the development of public-private partnerships, and environmental and energy issues, such as energy efficiency and cleaner production;

(c) simplify and rationalise regulations and regulatory practice, with specific focus on exchange of good practice on regulatory techniques, including the EU's principles;

(d) encourage the development of innovation policy, via the exchange of information and good practice regarding the commercialisation of research and development (including support instruments for technology-based business start-ups), cluster development and access to finance;

(e) encourage greater contacts between EU businesses and businesses of the Republic of Moldova and between those businesses and the authorities of the EU and the Republic of Moldova;

(f) support the establishment of export promotion activities in the Republic of Moldova; and

(g) facilitate the modernisation and restructuring of the industry of the Republic of Moldova in certain sectors.

Article 64.

A regular dialogue will take place on the issues covered by this Chapter. That will also involve representatives of EU busi- nesses and businesses of the Republic of Moldova.

Chapter 11. Mining and Raw Materials

Article 65.

The Parties shall develop and strengthen cooperation covering mining industries and trade in raw materials, with the objectives of promoting mutual understanding, improvement of the business environment, information exchange and co-operation on non-energy issues, relating in particular to the mining of metallic ores and industrial minerals.

Article 66.

To that end, the Parties shall cooperate in the following areas:

(a) exchange of information by the Parties on developments in their mining and raw material sectors;

(b) exchange of information on matters related to trade in raw materials, with the aim of promoting bilateral exchanges;

(c) exchange of information and best practices in relation to sustainable development aspects of the mining industries; and

(d) exchange of information and best practices in relation to training, skills and safety in the mining industries.

Chapter 12. Agriculture and Rural Development

Article 67.

The Parties shall cooperate to promote agricultural and rural development, in particular through progressive convergence of policies and legislation.

Article 68.

Cooperation between the Parties in the field of agriculture and rural development shall cover, inter alia, the following areas:

(a) facilitating the mutual understanding of agricultural and rural development policies;

(b) enhancing the administrative capacities at central and local level in the planning, evaluation and implementation of policies in accordance with EU regulations and best practices;

(c) promoting the modernisation and the sustainability of agricultural production;

(d) sharing knowledge and best practices of rural development policies to promote economic well-being for rural communities;

(e) improving the competitiveness of the agricultural sector and the efficiency and transparency of the markets;

(f) promoting quality policies and their control mechanisms, in particular geographical indications and organic farming;

(g) disseminating knowledge and promoting extension services to agricultural producers; and

(h) enhancing the harmonisation of issues dealt within the framework of international organisations of which the Parties are members.

Article 69.

A regular dialogue will take place on the issues covered by this Chapter.

Article 70.

The Republic of Moldova shall carry out approximation of its legislation to the EU acts and international instruments referred to in Annex VII to this Agreement according to the provisions of that Annex.

Chapter 13. Fisheries and Maritime Policy

Section 1. Fisheries Policy

Article 71.

The Parties shall develop and strengthen their cooperation on issues covering fisheries and maritime governance, thereby developing closer bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the fisheries sector. The Parties shall also encourage an integrated approach to fisheries issues and promote sustainable fisheries development.

Article 72.

The Parties shall take joint actions, exchange information and provide support to each other in order to promote:

(a) good governance and best practices in fisheries management with a view to ensuring conservation and management of fish stocks in a sustainable manner and based on the ecosystem approach;

(b) responsible fishing and fisheries management consistent with the principles of sustainable development, so as to conserve fish stocks and ecosystems in a healthy state; and

(c) cooperation through appropriate regional organisations responsible for management and conservation of living aquatic resources.

Article 73.

The Parties will support initiatives, such as mutual exchange of experience and providing support, in order to ensure the implementation of a sustainable fisheries policy, including:

(a) management of fisheries and aquaculture resources;

(b) inspection and control of fishing activities, as well as development of corresponding administrative and judicial structures capable of applying appropriate measures;

(c) collection of catch, landing, biological and economic data;

(d) improving the efficiency of the markets, in particular by promoting producer organisations, providing information to consumers, and through marketing standards and traceability; and

(e) development of a structural policy for the fisheries sector, with particular attention to the sustainable development of fisheries areas which are defined as an area with lake shore or including ponds or a river estuary and with a significant level of employment in the fisheries sector.

Section 2. Maritime Policy

Article 74.

Taking into account their cooperation in the spheres of fisheries, transport, environment and other sea-related policies, the Parties shall also develop cooperation and mutual support, when appropriate, on maritime issues, in particular by actively supporting an integrated approach to maritime affairs and good governance in the Black Sea in the relevant international maritime fora.

Article 75.

A regular dialogue will take place on the issues covered by this Chapter.

Chapter 14. Energy Cooperation

Article 76.

The Parties agree to continue their current cooperation on energy matters on the basis of the principles of partnership, mutual interest, transparency and predictability. The cooperation should aim at energy efficiency, market integration and regulatory convergence in the energy sector, taking into account the need to ensure competitiveness and access to secure, environmentally sustainable and affordable energy, including through the provisions of the Energy Community Treaty.

Article 77.

The cooperation shall cover, among others, the following areas and objectives: (a) energy strategies and policies;

(b) the development of competitive, transparent and non-discriminatory energy markets in accordance with EU standards, including obligations under the Energy Community Treaty, through regulatory reforms and through the participation in regional energy cooperation;

(c) development of an attractive and stable investment climate by addressing institutional, legal, fiscal and other conditions;

(d) energy infrastructure, including projects of common interest, in order to diversify energy sources, suppliers and transportation routes in an efficient economic and environmentally sound manner, inter alia, through the facilitation of loan and grant-funded investments;

(e) enhancement and strengthening of long-term stability and security of energy supply and trade, transit and transport on a mutually beneficial and non-discriminatory basis in accordance with EU and international rules;

(f) promotion of energy efficiency and energy saving, inter alia, concerning energy performance of buildings, and the development and support of renewable energies in an economic and environmentally sound manner;

(g) reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases, including through energy efficiency and renewable energy projects;

(h) scientific and technical cooperation and exchange of information for the development and improvement of technologies in energy production, transportation, supply and end use, with particular attention to energy efficient and environmentally friendly technologies; and

(i) cooperation may be pursued in the areas of nuclear safety, security and radiation protection, in accordance with the principles and standards of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the relevant international treaties and conventions concluded within the framework of the IAEA, as well as in accordance with the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community, where applicable.

Article 78.

A regular dialogue will take place on the issues covered by this Chapter.

Article 79.

The Republic of Moldova shall carry out approximation of its legislation to the EU acts and international instruments referred to in Annex VIII to this Agreement according to the provisions of that Annex.

Chapter 15. Transport

Article 80.

The Parties shall:

(a) expand and strengthen their transport cooperation in order to contribute to the development of sustainable trans-port systems;

(b) promote efficient, safe and secure transport operations as well as intermodality and interoperability of transport systems; and

(c) endeavour to enhance the main transport links between their territories.

Article 81.

That cooperation shall cover, among others, the following areas:

(a) development of a sustainable national transport policy covering all modes of transport, particularly with a view to ensuring efficient, safe and secure transport systems and promoting the integration of considerations in the sphere of transport into other policy areas;

(b) development of sector strategies in light of the national transport policy (including legal requirements for the upgrading of technical equipment and transport fleets to meet highest international standards) for road, rail, inland waterway, aviation, and intermodality, including timetables and milestones for implementation, administrative responsibilities as well as financing plans;

(c) improvement of the infrastructure policy in order to better identify and evaluate infrastructure projects in the various modes of transport;

(d) development of funding strategies focusing on maintenance, capacity constraints and missing link infrastructure as well as activating and promoting the participation of the private sector in transport projects;

(e) accession to relevant international transport organisations and agreements, including procedures for ensuring strict implementation and effective enforcement of international transport agreements and conventions;

(f) scientific and technical cooperation and exchange of information for the development and improvement of technolo- gies in transport, such as intelligent transport systems; and

(g) promotion of the use of intelligent transport systems and information technology in managing and operating all modes of transport as well as supporting intermodality and cooperation in the use of space systems and commercial applications facilitating transport.

Article 82.

1. Cooperation shall also aim at improving the movement of passengers and goods, increasing fluidity of transport flows between the Republic of Moldova, the EU and third countries in the region, by removing administrative, technical and other obstacles, improving transport networks and upgrading the infrastructure in particular on the main axes connecting the Parties. That cooperation shall include actions to facilitate border crossings.

2. Cooperation shall include information exchange and joint activities:

(a) at regional level, in particular taking into consideration and integrating progress achieved under various regional transport cooperation arrangements such as the Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia (TRACECA), transport co-operation within the framework of the Eastern Partnership and other transport initiatives; and

(b) at international level, including with regard to international transport organisations and international agreements and conventions ratified by the Parties, and in the framework of the various transport agencies of the EU.

Article 83.

A regular dialogue will take place on the issues covered by this Chapter.

Article 84.

The Parties will cooperate on improving transport connections according to the provisions referred to in Annex IX to this Agreement.

Article 85.

The Republic of Moldova shall carry out approximation of its legislation to the EU acts and international instruments referred to in Annex X and in Annex XXVIII-D to this Agreement, according to the provisions of those Annexes.

Chapter 16. Environment

Article 86.

The Parties shall develop and strengthen their cooperation on environmental issues, thereby contributing to the long-term objective of sustainable development and greening the economy. It is expected that enhanced environment protection will bring benefits to citizens and businesses in the EU and in the Republic of Moldova, including through improved public health, preserved natural resources, increased economic and environmental efficiency, integration of the environment into other policy areas, as well as the use of modern, cleaner technologies contributing to more sustainable production patterns. Cooperation shall be conducted considering the interests of the Parties on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, as well as taking into account the interdependence existing between the Parties in the field of environment protection, and multilateral agreements in that field.

Article 87.

Cooperation shall aim at preserving, protecting, improving, and rehabilitating the quality of the environment, protecting human health, sustainable utilisation of natural resources and promoting measures at international level to deal with regional or global environmental problems, including in the areas of:

(a) environmental governance and horizontal issues, including Environmental Impact Assessment and Strategic Environmental Assessment, education and training, environmental liability, combating environmental crime, transboundary cooperation, access to environmental information, decision-making processes and effective administrative and judicial review procedures;

(b) air quality;

(c) water quality and resource management, including flood risk management, water scarcity and droughts;

(d) waste and resource management and shipment of waste;

(e) nature protection, including conservation and protection of biological and landscape diversity;

(f) industrial pollution and industrial hazards;

(g) chemicals;

(h) noise pollution;

(i) soil protection;

() urban and rural environment;

(k) environmental fees and taxes;

(l) monitoring and environmental information systems;

(m) inspection and enforcement; and

  • Article   1 Objectives 1
  • Title   I GENERAL PRINCIPLES 1
  • Article   2 1
  • Title   II POLITICAL DIALOGUE AND REFORM, COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLICY 1
  • Article   3 Aims of Political Dialogue 1
  • Article   4 Domestic Reformthe Parties Shall Cooperate on the Following Areas: 1
  • Article   5 Foreign and Security Policy 1
  • Article   6 International Criminal Court 1
  • Article   7 Conflict Prevention and Crisis Management 1
  • Article   8 Regional Stability 1
  • Article   9 Weapons of Mass Destruction 1
  • Article   10 Small Arms and Light Weapons and Conventional Arms Export Control 1
  • Article   11 International Cooperation In the Fight Against Terrorism 1
  • Title   III FREEDOM, SECURITY AND JUSTICE 1
  • Article   12 Rule of Law 1
  • Article   13 Protection of Personal Data 1
  • Article   14 Cooperation on Migration, Asylum and Border Management 1
  • Article   15 Movement of Persons 2
  • Article   16 Preventing and Combating Organised Crime, Corruption and other Illegal Activities 2
  • Article   17 Tackling Illicit Drugs 2
  • Article   18 Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism 2
  • Article   19 Combating Terrorism 2
  • Article   20 Legal Cooperation 2
  • Title   IV ECONOMIC AND OTHER SECTORAL COOPERATION 2
  • Chapter   1 Public Administration Reform 2
  • Article   21 2
  • Article   22 Cooperation Shall Cover the Following Areas: 2
  • Article   23 2
  • Chapter   2 Economic Dialogue 2
  • Article   24 2
  • Article   25 2
  • Article   26 2
  • Chapter   3 Company Law, Accounting and Auditing and Corporate Governance 2
  • Article   27 2
  • Article   28 2
  • Article   29 2
  • Article   30 2
  • Chapter   4 Employment, Social Policy and Equal Opportunities 2
  • Article   31 2
  • Article   32 2
  • Article   33 2
  • Article   34 2
  • Article   35 2
  • Article   36 2
  • Article   37 2
  • Chapter   5 Consumer Protection 2
  • Article   38 2
  • Article   39 2
  • Article   40 2
  • Chapter   6 Statistics 2
  • Article   41 2
  • Article   42 2
  • Article   43 2
  • Article   44 2
  • Article   45 2
  • Article   46 2
  • Chapter   7 Management of Public Finances: Budget Policy, Internal Control, Financial Inspection and External Audit 2
  • Article   47 2
  • Article   48 Budget and Accounting Systems 2
  • Article   49 Internal Control, Financial Inspection and External Audit 2
  • Article   50 Fight Against Fraud and Corruption 2
  • Article   51 3
  • Chapter   8 Taxation 3
  • Article   52 3
  • Article   53 3
  • Article   54 3
  • Article   55 3
  • Article   56 3
  • Article   57 3
  • Chapter   9 Financial Services 3
  • Article   58 3
  • Article   59 3
  • Article   60 3
  • Article   61 3
  • Chapter   10 Industrial and Enterprise Policy 3
  • Article   62 3
  • Article   63 3
  • Article   64 3
  • Chapter   11 Mining and Raw Materials 3
  • Article   65 3
  • Article   66 3
  • Chapter   12 Agriculture and Rural Development 3
  • Article   67 3
  • Article   68 3
  • Article   69 3
  • Article   70 3
  • Chapter   13 Fisheries and Maritime Policy 3
  • Section   1 Fisheries Policy 3
  • Article   71 3
  • Article   72 3
  • Article   73 3
  • Section   2 Maritime Policy 3
  • Article   74 3
  • Article   75 3
  • Chapter   14 Energy Cooperation 3
  • Article   76 3
  • Article   77 3
  • Article   78 3
  • Article   79 3
  • Chapter   15 Transport 3
  • Article   80 3
  • Article   81 3
  • Article   82 3
  • Article   83 3
  • Article   84 3
  • Article   85 3
  • Chapter   16 Environment 3
  • Article   86 3
  • Article   87 3
  • Article   88 4
  • Article   89 4
  • Article   90 4
  • Article   91 4
  • Chapter   17 Climate Action 4
  • Article   92 4
  • Article   93 4
  • Article   94 4
  • Article   95 4
  • Article   96 4
  • Article   97 4
  • Chapter   18 Information Society 4
  • Article   98 4
  • Article   99 4
  • Article   100 4
  • Article   101 4
  • Article   102 4
  • Chapter   19 Tourism 4
  • Article   103 4
  • Article   104 4
  • Article   105 4
  • Article   106 4
  • Chapter   20 Regional Development, Cross-border and Regional Level Cooperation 4
  • Article   107 4
  • Article   108 4
  • Article   109 4
  • Article   110 4
  • Article   111 4
  • Article   112 4
  • Chapter   21 Public Health 4
  • Article   113 4
  • Article   114 4
  • Article   115 4
  • Article   116 4
  • Chapter   22 Civil Protection 4
  • Article   117 4
  • Article   118 4
  • Article   119 4
  • Article   120 4
  • Article   121 4
  • Chapter   23 Cooperation on Education, Training, Multilingualism, Youth and Sport 4
  • Article   122 4
  • Article   123 4
  • Article   124 5
  • Article   125 5
  • Article   126 5
  • Chapter   24 Cooperation In Research, Technological Development and Demonstration 5
  • Article   127 5
  • Article   128 5
  • Article   129 5
  • Chapter   25 Cooperation on Culture, Audio-visual Policy and Media 5
  • Article   130 5
  • Article   131 5
  • Article   132 5
  • Article   133 5
  • Chapter   26 Civil Society Cooperation 5
  • Article   134 5
  • Article   135 5
  • Article   136 5
  • Chapter   27 Cooperation In the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of the Child 5
  • Article   137 5
  • Article   138 5
  • Article   139 5
  • Chapter   28 Participation In Union Agencies and Programmes 5
  • Article   140 5
  • Article   141 5
  • Article   142 5
  • Title   V TRADE AND TRADE-RELATED MATTERS 5
  • Chapter   1 National Treatment and Market Access for Goods 5
  • Section   1 Common Provisions 5
  • Article   143 Objective 5
  • Article   144 Scope and Coverage 5
  • Section   2 Elimination of Customs Duties, Fees and other Charges 5
  • Article   145 Definition of Customs Duties 5
  • Article   146 Classification of Goods 5
  • Article   147 Elimination of Customs Duties on Imports 5
  • Article   148 Anti-circumvention Mechanism for Agricultural Products and Processed Agricultural Products 5
  • Article   149 Standstill 5
  • Article   150 Customs Duties on Exports 5
  • Article   151 Fees and other Charges 5
  • Section   3 Non-tariff Measures 5
  • Article   152 National Treatment 5
  • Article   153 Import and Export Restrictions 5
  • Section   4 Specific Provisions Related to Goods 5
  • Article   154 General Exceptions 5
  • Section   5 Administrative Cooperation and Coordination with other Countries 5
  • Article   155 Special Provisions on Administrative Cooperation 5
  • Article   156 Management of Administrative Errors 5
  • Article   157 Agreements with other Countries 5
  • Chapter   2 Trade Remedies 5
  • Section   1 Global Safeguard Measures 5
  • Article   158 5
  • Article   159 Transparency 5
  • Article   160 Application of Measures 6
  • Section   2 Anti-dumping and Countervailing Measures 6
  • Article   161 General Provisions 6
  • Article   162 Transparency 6
  • Article   163 Consideration of Public Interest 6
  • Article   164 Lesser Duty Rule 6
  • Section   3 Bilateral Safeguard Measures 6
  • Article   165 Application of a Bilateral Safeguard Measure 6
  • Article   166 Conditions and Limitations 6
  • Article   167 Provisional Measures 6
  • Article   168 Compensation 6
  • Article   169 Definitions 6
  • Chapter   3 Technical Barriers to Trade, Standardisation, Metrology, Accreditation and Conformity Assessment 6
  • Article   170 Scope and Definitions 6
  • Article   171 Affirmation of the TBT Agreement 6
  • Article   172 Technical Cooperation 6
  • Article   173 Approximation of Technical Regulations, Standards, and Conformity Assessment 6
  • Article   174 Agreement on Conformity Assessment and Acceptance of Industrial Products (ACAA) 6
  • Article   175 Marking and Labelling 6
  • Chapter   4 Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 6
  • Article   176 Objective 6
  • Article   177 Multilateral Obligations 6
  • Article   178 Scope 6
  • Article   179 Definitions 6
  • Article   180 Competent Authorities 6
  • Article   181 Gradual Approximation 6
  • Article   182 Recognition for Trade Purposes of Animal Health and Pest Status and Regional Conditions Recognition of Status for Animal Diseases, Infections In Animals or Pests 6
  • Article   183 Recognition of Equivalence 7
  • Article   184 Transparency and Exchange of Information 7
  • Article   185 Notification, Consultation and Facilitation of Communication 7
  • Article   186 Trade Conditions 7
  • Article   187 Certification Procedure 7
  • Article   188 Verification 7
  • Article   189 Import Checks and Inspection Fees 7
  • Article   190 Safeguard Measures 7
  • Article   191 Sanitary and Phytosanitary Sub-Committee 7
  • Chapter   5 Customs and Trade Facilitation 7
  • Article   192 Objectives 7
  • Article   193 Legislation and Procedures 7
  • Article   194 Relations with the Business Community 7
  • Article   195 Fees and Charges 7
  • Article   196 Customs Valuation 7
  • Article   197 Customs Cooperation 7
  • Article   198 Mutual Administrative Assistance In Customs Matters 8
  • Article   199 Technical Assistance and Capacity Building 8
  • Article   200 Customs Sub-Committee 8
  • Article   201 Approximation of Customs Legislation 8
  • Chapter   6 Establishment, Trade In Services and Electronic Commerce 8
  • Section   1 General Provisions 8
  • Article   202 Objective, Scope and Coverage 8
  • Article   203 Definitions 8
  • Section   2 Establishment 8
  • Article   204 Scope 8
  • Article   205 National Treatment and Most-favoured-nation Treatment 8
  • Article   206 Review 8
  • Article   207 Other Agreements 8
  • Article   208 Standard of Treatment for Branches and Representative Offices 8
  • Section   3 Cross-border Supply of Services 8
  • Article   209 Scope 8
  • Article   210 Market Access 8
  • Article   211 National Treatment 8
  • Article   212 Lists of Commitments 8
  • Article   213 Review 8
  • Section   4 Temporary Presence of Natural Persons for Business Purposes 8
  • Article   214 Scope and Definitions 8
  • Article   215 Key Personnel and Graduate Trainees 9
  • Article   216 Business Sellers 9
  • Article   217 Contractual Service Suppliers 9
  • Article   218 Independent Professionals 9
  • Section   5 Regulatory Framework 9
  • Subsection   1 Domestic Regulation 9
  • Article   219 Scope and Definitions 9
  • Article   220 Conditions for Licencing and Qualification 9
  • Article   221 Licencing and Qualification Procedures 9
  • Subsection   2 Provisions of General Application 9
  • Article   222 Mutual Recognition 9
  • Article   223 Transparency and Disclosure of Confidential Information 9
  • Subsection   3 Computer Services 9
  • Article   224 Understanding on Computer Services 9
  • Subsection   4 Postal and Courier Services 9
  • Article   225 Scope and Definitions 9
  • Article   226 Prevention of Anti-competitive Practices In the Postal and Courier Sector 9
  • Article   227 Universal Service 9
  • Article   228 Licences 9
  • Article   229 Independence of the Regulatory Body 9
  • Article   230 Gradual Approximation 9
  • Subsection   5 Electronic Communication Networks and Services 9
  • Article   231 Scope and Definitions 9
  • Article   232 Regulatory Authority 9
  • Article   233 Authorisation to Provide Electronic Communication Services 9
  • Article   234 Access and Interconnection 9
  • Article   235 Scarce Resources 10
  • Article   236 Universal Service 10
  • Article   237 Cross-border Provision of Electronic Communication Services 10
  • Article   238 Confidentiality of Information 10
  • Article   239 Disputes between Services Suppliers 10
  • Article   240 Gradual Approximation 10
  • Subsection   6 Financial Services 10
  • Article   241 Scope and Definition 10
  • Article   242 Prudential Carve-out 10
  • Article   243 Effective and Transparent Regulation 10
  • Article   244 New Financial Services 10
  • Article   245 Data Processing 10
  • Article   246 Specific Exceptions 10
  • Article   247 Self-regulatory Organisations 10
  • Article   248 Clearing and Payment Systems 10
  • Article   249 Gradual Approximation 10
  • Subsection   7 Transport Services 10
  • Article   250 Scope 10
  • Article   251 International Maritime Transport 10
  • Article   252 Air Transport 10
  • Article   253 Gradual Approximation 10
  • Subsection   6 Electronic Commerce 10
  • Subsection   1 General Provisions 10
  • Article   254 Objective and Principles 10
  • Article   255 Cooperation In Electronic Commerce 10
  • Subsection   2 Liability of Intermediary Service Providers 10
  • Article   256 Use of Intermediaries' Services 10
  • Article   257 Liability of Intermediary Service Providers: "Mere Conduit"™ 11
  • Article   258 Liability of Intermediary Service Providers: "caching" 11
  • Article   259 Liability of Intermediary Service Providers: "hosting" 11
  • Article   260 No General Obligation to Monitor 11
  • Section   7 Exceptions 11
  • Article   261 General Exceptions 11
  • Article   262 Taxation Measures 11
  • Article   263 Security Exceptions 11
  • Chapter   7 Current Payments and Movement of Capital 11
  • Article   264 Current Payments 11
  • Article   265 Capital Movements 11
  • Article   266 Safeguard Measures 11
  • Article   267 Facilitation and Evolution Provisions 11
  • Chapter   8 Public Procurement 11
  • Article   268 Objectives 11
  • Article   269 Scope 11
  • Article   270 Institutional Background 11
  • Article   271 Basic Standards Regulating the Award of Contracts 11
  • Article   272 Planning of Gradual Approximation 11
  • Article   273 Gradual Approximation 11
  • Article   274 Market Access 11
  • Article   275 Information 11
  • Article   276 Cooperation 11
  • Chapter   9 Intellectual Property Rights 11
  • Section   1 General Provisions and Principles 11
  • Article   277 Objectives 11
  • Article   278 Nature and Scope of Obligations 11
  • Article   279 Exhaustion 11
  • Section   2 Standards Concerning Intellectual Property Rights 11
  • Subsection   1 Copyright and Related Rights 11
  • Article   280 Protection Granted 11
  • Article   281 Authors 11
  • Article   282 Performers 12
  • Article   283 Producers of Phonograms 12
  • Article   284 Broadcasting Organisations 12
  • Article   285 Broadcasting and Communication to the Public 12
  • Article   286 Term of Protection 12
  • Article   287 Protection of Technological Measures 12
  • Article   288 Protection of Rights Management Information 12
  • Article   289 Exceptions and Limitations 12
  • Article   290 Artists' Resale Right In Works of Art 12
  • Subsection   2 Trademarks 12
  • Article   292 International Agreements 12
  • Article   293 Registration Procedure 12
  • Article   294 Well-known Trademarks 12
  • Article   295 Exceptions to the Rights Conferred by a Trademark 12
  • Subsection   3 Geographical Indications 12
  • Article   296 Scope 12
  • Article   297 Established Geographical Indications 12
  • Article   298 Addition of New Geographical Indications 12
  • Article   299 Scope of Protection of Geographical Indications 12
  • Article   300 Right of Use of Geographical Indications 12
  • Article   301 Enforcement of Protection 12
  • Article   302 Implementation of Complementary Actions 12
  • Article   303 Relationship with Trademarks 12
  • Article   304 General Rules 12
  • Article   305 Cooperation and Transparency 12
  • Article   306 Geographical Indications Sub-Committee 12
  • Subsection   4 Designs 12
  • Article   307 International Agreements 12
  • Article   308 Protection of Registered Designs 12
  • Article   309 Protection Conferred to Unregistered Designs 12
  • Article   310 Exceptions and Exclusions 12
  • Article   311 Relationship to Copyright 13
  • Subsection   5 Patents 13
  • Article   312 International Agreements 13
  • Article   313 Patents and Public Health 13
  • Article   314 Supplementary Protection Certificate 13
  • Article   315 Protection of Data Submitted to Obtain an Authorisation to Put a Medicinal Product on the Market 13
  • Article   316 Data Protection on Plant Protection Products 13
  • Article   317 Plant Varieties 13
  • Section   3 Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights 13
  • Article   318 General Obligations 13
  • Article   319 Entitled Applicants 13
  • Subsection   1 Civil Enforcement 13
  • Article   320 Measures for Preserving Evidence 13
  • Article   321 Right of Information 13
  • Article   322 Provisional and Precautionary Measures 13
  • Article   323 Corrective Measures 13
  • Article   324 Injunctions 13
  • Article   325 Alternative Measures 13
  • Article   326 Damages 13
  • Article   327 Legal Costs 13
  • Article   328 Publication of Judicial Decisions 13
  • Article   329 Presumption of Authorship or Ownership 13
  • Subsection   2 Other Provisions 13
  • Article   330 Border Measures 13
  • Article   331 Codes of Conduct 13
  • Article   332 Cooperation 13
  • Chapter   10 Competition 13
  • Section   1 Antitrust and Mergers 13
  • Article   333 Definitions 13
  • Article   334 Principles 13
  • Article   335 Implementation 13
  • Article   336 State Monopolies, Public Undertakings and Undertakings Entrusted with Special or Exclusive Rights 13
  • Article   337 Cooperation and Exchange of Information 13
  • Article   338 Dispute Settlement 13
  • Section   2 State Aid 13
  • Article   339 General Principles and Scope 13
  • Article   342 Transparency 14
  • Article   343 Confidentiality 14
  • Article   344 Review Clause 14
  • Chapter   11 Trade-related Energy 14
  • Article   345 Definitions 14
  • Article   346 Domestic Regulated Prices 14
  • Article   347 Prohibition of Dual Pricing 14
  • Article   348 Transit 14
  • Article   349 Transport 14
  • Article   350 Unauthorised Taking of Goods In Transit 14
  • Article   351 Uninterrupted Transit 14
  • Article   352 Transit Obligation for Operators 14
  • Article   353 Regulatory Authority for Electricity and Natural Gas 14
  • Article   354 Relationship with the Energy Community Treaty 14
  • Chapter   12 Transparency 14
  • Article   355 Definitions 14
  • Article   356 Objective and Scope 14
  • Article   357 Publication 14
  • Article   358 Enquiries and Contact Points 14
  • Article   359 Administration of Measures of General Application 14
  • Article   360 Review and Appeal 14
  • Article   361 Regulatory Quality and Performance and Good Administrative Behaviour 14
  • Article   362 Specific Rules 14
  • Chapter   13 Trade and Sustainable Development 14
  • Article   363 Context and Objectives 14
  • Article   364 Right to Regulate and Levels of Protection 14
  • Article   365 Multilateral Labour Standards and Agreements 14
  • Article   366 Multilateral Environmental Governance and Agreements 14
  • Article   367 Trade and Investment Promoting Sustainable Development 14
  • Article   368 Biological Diversity 14
  • Article   369 Sustainable Management of Forests and Trade In Forest Products 14
  • Article   370 Trade In Fish Products 14
  • Article   371 Upholding Levels of Protection 14
  • Article   372 Scientific Information 14
  • Article   373 Transparency 14
  • Article   374 Review of Sustainability Impacts 14
  • Article   375 Working Together on Trade and Sustainable Development 14
  • Article   376 Institutional and Overseeing Mechanisms 15
  • Article   377 Joint Civil Society Dialogue Forum 15
  • Article   378 Government Consultations 15
  • Article   379 Panel of Experts 15
  • Chapter   14 Dispute Settlement 15
  • Section   1 Objective and Scope 15
  • Article   380 Objective 15
  • Article   381 Scope of Application 15
  • Section   2 Consultations and Mediation 15
  • Article   382 Consultations 15
  • Article   383 Mediation 15
  • Section   3 Dispute Settlement Procedures 15
  • Subsection   1 Arbitration Procedure 15
  • Article   384 Initiation of the Arbitration Procedure 15
  • Article   385 Establishment of the Arbitration Panel 15
  • Article   386 Preliminary Ruling on Urgency 15
  • Article   387 Arbitration Panel Report 15
  • Article   388 Conciliation for Urgent Energy Disputes 15
  • Article   389 Notification of the Ruling of the Arbitration Panel 15
  • Subsection   2 Compliance 15
  • Article   390 Compliance with the Arbitration Panel Ruling 15
  • Article   391 Reasonable Period of Time for Compliance 15
  • Article   392 Review of Any Measure Taken to Comply with the Arbitration Panel Ruling 15
  • Article   393 Temporary Remedies In Case of Non-compliance 15
  • Article   394 Remedies for Urgent Energy Disputes 15
  • Article   395 Review of Any Measure Taken to Comply after the Adoption of Temporary Remedies for Non-compliance 15
  • Subsection   3 Common Provisions 15
  • Article   396 Replacement of Arbitrators 15
  • Article   397 Suspension and Termination of Arbitration and Compliance Procedures 15
  • Article   398 Mutually Agreed Solution 15
  • Article   399 Rules of Procedure 15
  • Article   400 Information and Technical Advice 15
  • Article   401 Rules of Interpretation 15
  • Article   402 Decisions and Rulings of the Arbitration Panel 15
  • Article   403 Referrals to the Court of Justice of the European Union 15
  • Section   4 General Provisions Article 404 Lists of Arbitrators 15
  • Article   405 Relation with WTO Obligations 15
  • Article   406 Time-limits 15
  • Chapter   15 General Provisions on Approximation Under Title V 15
  • Article   407 Progress In Approximation In Trade-related Areas 15
  • Article   408 Repeal of Inconsistent Domestic Law 16
  • Article   409 Assessment of Approximation In Trade-related Areas 16
  • Article   410 Developments Relevant to Approximation 16
  • Article   411 Exchange of Information 16
  • Article   412 General Provision 16
  • Title   VI FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE, AND ANTI-FRAUD AND CONTROL PROVISIONS 16
  • Chapter   1 Financial Assistance 16
  • Article   413 16
  • Article   414 16
  • Article   415 16
  • Article   416 16
  • Article   417 16
  • Article   418 16
  • Article   419 16
  • Chapter   2 Anti-fraud and Control Provisions 16
  • Article   420 Definitions 16
  • Article   421 Scope 16
  • Article   422 Measures to Prevent and Fight Fraud, Corruption and Any other Illegal Activities 16
  • Article   423 Exchange of Information and Further Cooperation at Operational Level 16
  • Article   424 Prevention of Irregularities, Fraud and Corruption 16
  • Article   425 Investigation and Prosecution 16
  • Article   426 Communication of Fraud, Corruption and Irregularities 16
  • Article   427 Audits 16
  • Article   428 On-the-spot Checks 16
  • Article   429 Administrative Measures and Penalties 16
  • Article   430 Recovery 16
  • Article   431 Confidentiality 16
  • Article   432 16
  • Title   VII INSTITUTIONAL, GENERAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS 16
  • Chapter   1 Institutional Framework 16
  • Article   433 16
  • Article   434 16
  • Article   435 16
  • Article   436 16
  • Article   437 16
  • Article   438 16
  • Article   439 16
  • Article   440 16
  • Article   441 16
  • Article   442 16
  • Article   443 16
  • Chapter   2 General and Final Provisions 16
  • Article   444 Access to Courts and Administrative Organs 16
  • Article   445 Access to Official Documents 16
  • Article   446 Security Exceptions 16
  • Article   447 Non-discrimination 17
  • Article   448 Gradual Approximation 17
  • Article   449 Dynamic Approximation 17
  • Article   450 Monitoring 17
  • Article   451 Assessment of Approximation 17
  • Article   452 Results of Monitoring, Including Assessments of Approximation 17
  • Article   453 Fulfilment of Obligations 17
  • Article   454 Dispute Settlement 17
  • Article   455 Appropriate Measures In Case of Non-fulfilment of Obligations 17
  • Article   456 Relation to other Agreements 17
  • Article   457 17
  • Article   458 17
  • Article   459 Annexes and Protocols 17
  • Article   460 Duration 17
  • Article   461 Definition of the Parties 17
  • Article   462 Territorial Application 17
  • Article   463 Depositary of this Agreement 17
  • Article   464 Entry Into Force and Provisional Application 17
  • Article   465 Authentic Texts 17
  • ANNEX XXVII  LIST OF RESERVATIONS ON ESTABLISHMENT; LIST OF COMMITMENTS ON CROSS-BORDER SUPPLY OF SERVICES; LIST OF RESERVATIONS ON KEY PERSONNEL, GRADUATE TRAINEES AND BUSINESS SELLERS; LIST OF RESERVATIONS ON CONTRACTUAL SERVICES SUPPLIERS AND INDEPENDENT PROFESSIONALS 17
  • ANNEX XXVII-A  LIST OF RESERVATIONS ON ESTABLISHMENT (UNION) 18
  • ANNEX XXVII-E  LIST OF RESERVATIONS ON ESTABLISHMENT (REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA) 19
  • ANNEX XXXII  MEDIATION MECHANISM 19
  • 1 Objective 19
  • Section   1 Procedure Under the Mediation Mechanism 19
  • 2 Request for Information 19
  • 3 Initiation of the Procedure 19
  • 4 Selection of the Mediator 19
  • 5 Rules of the Mediation Procedure 20
  • Section   2 Implementation 20
  • 6 Implementation of a Mutually Agreed Solution 20
  • Section   3 General Provisions 20
  • 7 Confidentiality and Relationship to Dispute Settlement 20
  • 8 Time Limits 20
  • 9 Costs 20
  • ANNEX XXXIII  RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 20
  • ANNEX XXXIV  CODE OF CONDUCT FOR ARBITRATORS AND MEDIATORS 20