Colombia - Ecuador - EU - Peru FTA (2012)
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Article 300. Definitions

For the purposes of this Title, "party to the dispute" or "party to a dispute" and "parties to the dispute" or "parties to a dispute" means a Party or Parties to this Agreement that is party or are parties to a dispute settlement procedure under this Title.

Chapter 2. Consultations

Article 301. Consultations

1. The Parties shall endeavour to settle any dispute regarding any matter established under Article 299 entering into consultations in good faith with the aim of reaching a mutually agreed solution.

2. A Party may seek to initiate consultations through a written request to another Party, with copy to the Trade Committee, identifying any measure at issue and the legal basis for the complaint.

3. The requested Party shall reply to the request for consultations, with copy to the Trade Committee, within 10 days following the receipt of such request. In cases of urgency, that period of time shall be five days.

4. The parties to the dispute may agree not to engage in consultations pursuant to this Article and proceed directly to the arbitration panel procedure pursuant to Article 302. Such decision shall be notified in writing to the Trade Committee no later than five days prior to the request for the establishment of an arbitration panel.

5. Unless the consulting Parties agree otherwise, consultations shall be held and deemed concluded within 30 days following the date of the receipt of the request by the requested Party and shall take place, in the territory of the requested Party. Upon agreement of the parties to the dispute, the consultations may take place by any technological means available. The consultations and all information disclosed during the consultations shall be confidential.

6. In cases of urgency, including those related to perishable goods or that otherwise concern goods or services that rapidly lose their commercial value, such as certain seasonal goods or services, consultations shall begin within 15 days following the date of receipt of the request by the requested Party and shall be deemed concluded within those 15 days.

7. During consultations each consulting Party shall deliver sufficient factual information, so as to allow a complete examination of the manner in which the measure in force or proposed, or any other issue, could affect the operation and application of this Agreement.

8. During consultations under this Article, each consulting Party shall ensure the participation of personnel of its competent governmental authorities with the relevant knowledge on the issue subject of the consultations.

9. Unless otherwise agreed by the consulting Parties, when a dispute has been subject to consultations within a sub-committee established in this Agreement, such consultations may replace consultations under this Article, provided that the measure at issue and the legal basis of the complaint had been duly identified during such consultations. Unless otherwise agreed by the consulting Parties, consultations held within a sub-committee shall be deemed concluded within 30 days following the date of receipt of the request for consultations by the requested Party.

10. Within five days following the date of receipt of the request for consultations, a Party which is not a consulting Party, and that has an interest in the matter subject to consultations, may request in writing to the consulting Parties, with a copy to the Trade Committee, its participation in the consultations. Provided that none of the consulting Parties rejects such request, such Party may participate as a third party in accordance with the rules of procedure, established under Article 315 (hereinafter referred to as "Rules of Procedure").

Chapter 3. Dispute Settlement Procedures

Article 302. Initiation of Arbitration Proceedings

1. The complaining Party may request the establishment of an arbitration panel if:

(a) the Party complained against does not reply to the request for consultations in accordance with Article 301, paragraph 3;

(b) consultations are not held within the period of time established in Article 301 paragraphs 5 or 6, as the case may be;

(c) the consulting Parties have failed to settle the dispute through consultations; or

(d) the parties to the dispute have agreed not to engage in consultations according to Article 301, paragraph 4.

2. Request for the establishment of an arbitration panel shall be made in writing to the Party complained against and to the Trade Committee. The complaining Party shall identify in its request the specific measure at issue, and shall explain how that measure constitutes a violation of the provisions of this Agreement in a manner that clearly presents the legal grounds for the complaint.

3. A Party may not request the establishment of an arbitration panel to review a proposed measure.

4. Within 10 days following the date of the receipt of the request for the establishment of an arbitration panel, a Party which is not a party to the dispute and that has a substantial interest in it, may request in writing to the parties to the dispute, with copy to the Trade Committee, its participation in the arbitration procedure. Such Party may participate as a third party in accordance with the Rules of Procedure.

Article 303. Establishment of the Arbitration Panel

1. An arbitration panel shall be composed of three arbitrators.

2. Within 12 days following the date of receipt of the request for the establishment of an arbitration panel by the Party complained against, each party to the dispute may appoint an arbitrator from the candidates proposed by any of the Parties for the list established in accordance with Article 304. If any of the parties to the dispute fails to appoint its arbitrator, upon request of the other party to the dispute, the arbitrator shall be selected by lot by the chairperson of the Trade Committee or his/her delegate among the candidates proposed by that party to the dispute for the list of arbitrators.

3. Unless the parties to the dispute reach an agreement concerning the chairperson of the arbitration panel within the period of time established in paragraph 2, and upon request of any of the parties to the dispute, the Chair of the Trade Committee or his/her delegate, shall select by lot the chairperson of the arbitration panel among the candidates selected to that effect in the list of arbitrators.

4. The Chair of the Trade Committee, or his/her delegate, shall select the arbitrators by lot from the list pursuant to Article 304 within five days following the date of receipt of a request submitted according to with paragraphs 2 or 3, as the case may be.

5. Notwithstanding paragraphs 2 to 4, the parties to the dispute may select as arbitrators, by mutual consent and within 10 days following the date of receipt of the request by the Party complained against, persons who are not included in the list of arbitrators, but who meet the requirements established in Article 304 paragraph 3.

6. The date of establishment of the arbitration panel shall be the date on which all the designated arbitrators have confirmed their acceptance in accordance with the Rules of Procedure.

Article 304. List of Arbitrators

1. The Trade Committee shall establish at its first meeting a list of 30 individuals who are willing and able to serve as arbitrators. The Parties shall also select by mutual agreement 10 individuals who are not nationals (98) of any of the Parties, and who shall act as chairperson of the arbitration panel.

2. The Trade Committee shall ensure that the list established in accordance with paragraph 1 is always complete. In any event, the list may be used in accordance with Article 303 even if it is not complete.

3. The arbitrators shall have specialised knowledge or experience in law, international trade, or in the settlement of disputes under international trade agreements. They shall be independent, impartial, shall have neither a direct nor indirect relationship with any of the Parties, and shall not receive instructions from any Party or from any organisation. The arbitrators shall comply with the code of conduct established in accordance with this Title (hereinafter referred to as "Code of Conduct").

4. The Trade Committee shall establish, furthermore, additional lists of 15 individuals with sectorial experience on specific subjects covered by this Agreement. To that effect, each Party shall nominate three individuals to serve as arbitrators. The Parties, by mutual agreement, shall select three candidates to chair the arbitration panel who are not nationals of any of the Parties. Each party to the dispute may choose to designate its arbitrator among those proposed by any of the Parties for a sectorial list. When resorting to the selection procedure established in Article 303 paragraph 3, the Chair of the Trade Committee, or his/her delegate, may use a sectorial list upon agreement of the parties to the dispute.

(98) For the purposes of this Title ‘national’ means a natural person that has the nationality of a Member State of the European Union or a signatory Andean Country or is a permanent resident of a Member State of the European Union or a signatory Andean Country

Article 305. Objection, Removal and Substitution

1. Any party to the dispute may object an arbitrator in cases of a justifiable doubt with respect to her/his compliance with the Code of Conduct. The decision on the objection or removal of an arbitrator shall be adopted according to the Rules of Procedure.

2. If an arbitrator is not able to participate in the proceedings, resigns, or must be replaced, her/his replacement shall be chosen according to Article 303.

Article 306. Consolidation of Arbitration Proceedings

When more than one Party requests the establishment of an arbitration panel with respect to the same measure and based on the same legal grounds, whenever possible, a single arbitration panel shall be established to examine such requests.

Article 307. Arbitration Panel Ruling

1. Arbitration panels shall notify their ruling to the parties to the dispute and to the Trade Committee within 120 days from the date of their establishment. When an arbitration panel considers that such deadline cannot be met, the chairperson of the arbitration panel must notify the parties to the dispute and the Trade Committee in writing, stating the reasons for the delay and the date on which the panel will notify its ruling. Under no circumstances should the ruling be notified later than 150 days from the date of the establishment of the arbitration panel.

2. In cases of urgency, including those related to perishable goods or that otherwise concern goods or services that rapidly lose their commercial value such as certain seasonal goods or services, the arbitration panel shall issue a ruling on whether it deems the case to be urgent within 10 days following its establishment. The arbitration panel shall notify its ruling within 60 days from the date of its establishment, and under no circumstances later than 75 days from that date.

Article 308. Implementation of the Arbitration Ruling

1. The Party complained against shall take all necessary measures to comply with the ruling of the arbitration panel without delay.

2. Within a period of 30 days from the date of receipt of the ruling, the Party complained against shall notify the complaining Party of the following:

(a) the specific measures which it considers necessary to comply with the ruling;

(b) the reasonable period to do so; and

(c) a concrete offer for temporary compensation pending full implementation of the specific measure that it considers necessary to comply with the ruling.

3. In case of discrepancies between the parties to the dispute on the content of such notification, the complaining Party may request the arbitration panel that issued the ruling to establish if the measures proposed pursuant to subparagraph 2(a) are consistent with this Agreement, if the time period to comply with the ruling is reasonable and/or whether the offer for compensation is manifestly disproportionate. The ruling shall be issued within 45 days following the submission of the request.

4. In case the original arbitration panel, or any of its members, cannot meet, the proceedings established in Article 303 shall apply. The time limit to notify the ruling shall be 45 days from the date on which the new arbitration panel has been established.

5. The reasonable period referred to in subparagraph 2(b) may be extended by mutual agreement of the parties to the dispute.

Article 309. Review of Any Measure Adopted to Comply with the Arbitration Ruling

1. The Party complained against shall notify the complaining Party and the Trade Committee of any measure adopted to put an end to the non-compliance of its obligations under this Agreement before the expiration of the reasonable period established according to Article 308, subparagraph 2(b), and paragraphs 3 or 5.

2. If the measures notified by the Party complained against in accordance with paragraph 1 are not similar to those previously notified by that Party under Article 308, subparagraph 2(a), or when the complaining Party has had recourse to arbitration under Article 308 paragraph 3 and such measures notified under paragraph 1 are not similar to those which the arbitration panel found consistent with this Agreement, and in case of disagreement between the parties to the dispute as to the existence of the notified measures or their compatibility with the Agreement, the complaining Party may request in writing to the original arbitration panel to decide on the matter. Such request shall identify the specific measures at issue and shall explain to what extent it is inconsistent with this Agreement. The arbitration panel shall notify its ruling within 30 days from the date of the request.

3. In case the original arbitration panel, or any of its members, is not available, the procedures established in Article 303 shall apply. The ruling shall be issued within 30 days from the date of establishment of the new arbitration panel.

Article 310. Temporary Remedies In Case of Non-compliance

1. If the Party complained against does not notify the adoption of any measure to comply with the ruling of the arbitration panel before the expiry of the reasonable period, or if the arbitration panel decides according to Article 309 paragraph 2 that a notified measure is inconsistent with this Agreement, the complaining Party may: (a) request the Party complained against a compensation for non-compliance, either the continuation of the temporary compensation or a different compensation, or (b) notify the Party complained against and the Trade Committee its intention to suspend concessions resulting from any provision referred to in Article 299 to a level equivalent to the nullification or impairment caused by the violation.

2. If following a period of 20 days after the expiry of the reasonable period, or following the decision by the arbitration panel that the measure notified under Article 311 paragraph 2 is inconsistent with this Agreement, the parties to the dispute are unable to reach an agreement about compensation under subparagraph 1(a), the complaining Party may notify the Party complained against and the Trade Committee of its intention to suspend benefits under any provision referred to in Article 299 in a level equivalent to the nullification or impairment caused by the violation.

3. If the Party complained against does not implement the temporary compensation established under Article 308 within a reasonable period of time (99), the complaining Party may notify the Party complained against and the Trade Committee of its intention to suspend benefits under any provision referred to in Article 299 in a level equivalent to the temporary compensation pending the implementation of the temporary compensation or the adoption of a compliance measure by the Party complained against, whichever occurs first.

4. When the complaining Party notifies its intention to suspend benefits under paragraphs 2 or 3, such Party may apply the suspension of benefits 10 days after the notification, unless the Party complained against requests arbitration under paragraph 5.

5. If the Party complained against considers that the level of suspension notified is not equivalent to the nullification or impairment caused by the violation, it may request in writing to the original arbitration panel to decide on the matter. Such request shall be notified to the complaining Party and to the Trade Committee before the expiry of the 10-day period set out in paragraph 4. The original arbitration panel shall notify its ruling on the level of suspension of benefits to the parties to the dispute and to the Trade Committee within 30 days of the date when that arbitration panel has received the request. The benefits shall not be suspended until the original arbitration panel has notified its ruling to the parties to the dispute and any suspension shall comply with such ruling.

6. In case the original arbitration panel, or any of its members, is not available, the procedures established in Article 303 shall apply. The ruling shall be issued within 45 days from the date of establishment of the new arbitration panel.

7. The compensation or the suspension of benefits under this Article shall be temporary and shall not waive the obligation of the Party complained against of its obligation to comply with the ruling. Such remedies shall apply only until any measure declared inconsistent with this Agreement has been withdrawn or modified so as to comply with the provisions of this Agreement, or the parties to the dispute have reached a mutually agreed solution.

(99) For greater certainty, the Party complained against has not implemented the temporary compensation within a reasonable period of time only in the event that the Party complained against does not initiate its internal procedure conducive to the implementation of the compensation within a reasonable period of time, or when such internal procedures result in a decision contrary to the implementation of the temporary compensation.

Article 311. Review of Any Measure Adopted after the Suspension of Benefits or Compensation for Non-compliance

1. The Party complained against may notify at any time to the complaining Party and the Trade Committee any measure that it has adopted to comply with the ruling of the arbitration panel and of its request to the complaining Party to terminate the suspension of benefits, or its intention to terminate the application of compensation for non-compliance, as the case may be. Except in the case provided for in paragraph 2, the suspension of benefits shall terminate 30 days following such notification.

2. If the parties to the dispute are unable to reach an agreement on the compatibility of the notified measure with the provisions of this Agreement within 30 days from the date of the notification provided for under paragraph 1, any of such parties may submit a written request to the original arbitration panel to rule on the matter. Such request shall be notified simultaneously to the Party complained against and the Trade Committee. The arbitration ruling shall be notified to the parties to the dispute and the Trade Committee within 45 days from the date of such request. If the arbitration panel decides that the compliance measure is compatible with the provisions of this Agreement, the suspension of benefits shall be terminated.

3. In case the original arbitration panel, or any of its members, is not available, the procedures established in Article 303 shall apply. The ruling shall be notified within 45 days from the date of establishment of a new arbitration panel.

4. If, following the 30-day period referred to in paragraph 2, none of the parties to the dispute has requested the original arbitration panel to decide on the consistency of the measure notified under paragraph 1, and the complaining Party has not complied with its obligation of terminating the suspension of benefits, the Party complained against may suspend benefits at a level equivalent to that applied by the complaining Party, while such Party continues to suspend benefits.

Article 312. Request for Clarification of a Ruling

1. Within 10 days following the notification of the ruling, a party to the dispute may submit a request in writing to the arbitration panel, with copy to the other party to the dispute and the Trade Committee, for clarification of certain specific aspects of any determination or recommendation in the ruling that such party considers ambiguous, including those related to compliance. The other party to the dispute may submit comments on such request to the arbitration panel, with copy to the Party who submitted the original request for clarification. The arbitration panel shall respond to such request within 10 days following its receipt.

2. The submission of a request under paragraph 1 shall not affect the periods referred to in Article 308.

Article 313. Suspension and Termination of Arbitration Proceedings

1. The parties to the dispute may agree, at any time, to suspend the work of the arbitration panel during a period that shall not exceed 12 months from the date of such agreement. The parties to the dispute shall notify such agreement in writing to the chairperson of the arbitration panel, with copy to the Trade Committee. In the event of such suspension, the time limits set out in Article 307 shall be extended by the amount of time during which the work has been suspended.

2. In any case, if the work of the arbitration panel has been suspended for more than 12 months, the authority of the arbitration panel shall lapse, unless the parties to the dispute agree otherwise. If the authority of the arbitration panel lapses, nothing in this Article shall prevent a Party from initiating another arbitration proceeding on the same matter.

3. The parties to a dispute may agree to terminate arbitration proceedings at any time, through a joint written notification to the chairperson of the arbitration panel, with copy to the Trade Committee.

Chapter 4. General Provisions

Article 314. Mutually Agreed Solution

The parties to the dispute may reach a mutually agreed solution to a dispute under this Title at any time. The parties to the dispute shall jointly notify the Trade Committee of any such solution. Upon notification of the mutually agreed solution, the procedure shall be terminated.

Article 315. Rules of Procedure and Code of Conduct

1. Dispute settlement procedures under this Title shall be governed by the Rules of Procedure adopted by the Trade Committee at its first meeting following the entry into force of this Agreement. The Trade Committee shall also adopt at such meeting the Code of Conduct for arbitrators.

2. Any hearing of the arbitration panel shall be open to the public according to the Rules of Procedure, unless otherwise agreed by the parties to the dispute.

Article 316. Information and Technical Advice

1. At the request of a party to the dispute or ex officio, the arbitration panel may obtain any information it deems appropriate, from any source, including the parties to the dispute. The arbitration panel also has the right to seek relevant opinions from experts as it deems appropriate. Any information obtained in this manner shall be delivered to each party to the dispute for their comments.

2. The arbitration panel may also allow interested non-governmental persons established in the territory of a party to the dispute, to provide amicus curiae briefs in accordance with the Rules of Procedure.

Article 317. Rules of Interpretation

Any arbitration panel shall interpret the provisions referred to in Article 299 in accordance with the customary rules of interpretation of public international law included in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, done at Vienna on 23 May 1969. Arbitration panel rulings cannot increase or diminish the rights and obligations contained in the provisions referred to in Article 299.

Article 318. Arbitration Panel Decisions and Rulings

1. The arbitration panel shall endeavour to adopt any decision by consensus. Nevertheless, when a decision cannot be reached by consensus, the matter at issue shall be decided by majority vote. However, in no case shall the dissenting opinions of arbitrators be published.

2. Any ruling of the arbitration panel shall be binding for the parties to the dispute and shall not create any rights or obligations for natural or juridical persons. The ruling shall establish factual decisions, the applicability of the relevant provisions of this Agreement, determinations about whether the Party concerned has complied or not with its obligations therefrom, and the basic rationale behind its decisions and conclusions.

3. The arbitration panel may, upon request of any party to the dispute, issue recommendations as to the implementation of the ruling.

4. Arbitration panel rulings shall be public, unless the parties to the dispute agree otherwise.

Article 319. Relation with Wto Rights and Choice of Forum

1. The provisions contained in this Title are without prejudice to the rights and obligations of the Parties pursuant to the WTO Agreement, including dispute settlement actions.

2. The disputes related to the same measure arising from this Agreement and by virtue of the WTO Agreement may be settled under this Title or under the DSU at the discretion of the complaining Party. Nevertheless, when a Party has requested the establishment of a panel under Article 6 of the DSU or an arbitration panel pursuant to Article 303, that Party may not initiate another proceeding on the same matter in the other forum, except when the competent body in the forum chosen has not taken a decision on the substance of the matter due to procedural or jurisdictional reasons.

3. The Parties understand that two or more disputes concern the same matter when they involve the same parties to the dispute, refer to the same measure and deal with the same substantive violation.

4. No provision in this Title shall prevent a Party from applying a suspension of benefits authorized by the Dispute Settlement Body of the WTO. The WTO Agreement shall not be invoked to prevent a Party from suspending benefits in accordance with this Title.

Article 320. Time Limits

1. Any time limit established in this Title, including the time limits for the arbitration panels to notify their rulings, shall be counted from the first day following the act or fact to which they refer.

2. Any time limit referred to in this Title may be extended by mutual agreement of the parties to the dispute.

Article 321. Modification of the Rules of Procedure and Code of Conduct

The Trade Committee may modify the Rules of Procedure and the Code of Conduct.

Article 322. Mediation Mechanism

Pursuant to Annex XIV (Mediation Mechanism for Non-tariff Measures) any Party may request another Party to enter into a mediation procedure with respect to any non-tariff measure of the requested Party related to any matter falling under Title III (Trade in Goods) which the requesting Party considers adversely affects trade.

Article 323. Good Offices, Conciliation and Mediation

1. Notwithstanding Article 322, the Parties may at any time agree to undertake, as an alternative method of dispute resolution, good offices, conciliation or mediation.

2. The alternative methods of dispute resolution referred to in paragraph 1 shall be conducted according to procedures agreed to by the Parties involved.

3. Proceedings established under this Article may begin at any time and be suspended or terminated at any time by any of the Parties involved. 4. Proceedings under this Article are confidential and without prejudice to the rights of the Parties involved in any other proceedings.

Title XIII. Technical Assistance and Trade-capacity Building

Article 324. Objectives

1. The Parties agree to strengthen cooperation that contributes to the implementation of this Agreement and to make the most of it with the aim of optimising its results, expanding opportunities and obtaining the greatest benefits for the Parties. This cooperation shall be developed within the legal and institutional framework governing cooperation relations between the Parties, one of the main objectives of which is to boost sustainable economic development that enables to achieve greater levels of social cohesion and, in particular, to reduce poverty.

2. To achieve the objectives referred to in paragraph 1, the Parties agree to attach particular importance to cooperation initiatives aimed at:

(a) improving and creating new trade and investment opportunities, fostering competitiveness and innovation, as well as the modernisation of production, trade facilitation and the transfer of technology;

(b) promoting the development of Micro and SMEs, using trade as a tool for reducing poverty;

(c) promoting fair and equitable trade, facilitating access to the benefits of this Agreement for all production sectors, the weakest in particular;

(d) strengthening commercial and institutional capacities in this field, for the implementation of this Agreement (100) and making the most of it; and

(e) addressing the needs of cooperation identified in other parts of this Agreement (101).

(100) Ecuador underlines that such initiatives should also contribute to the strengthening of production capacities and to the sustainable economic development of the Parties.
(101) In this context, Ecuador underlines the importance of also considering projects related to Chapter 4 of Title III of this Agreement.

Article 325. Scope and Means

1. Cooperation shall be carried out by means of instruments, resources and mechanisms available to the Parties to that end, according to the rules and procedures in force, and through the bodies of each Party competent to execute cooperation relations, including those regarding trade-related cooperation.

2. Pursuant to paragraph 1, the Parties may use instruments such as exchanging information, experience and best practices, technical and financial assistance, and the joint identification, development and implementation of projects, among others.

Article 326. Trade Committee Functions Regarding Cooperation Under this Title

1. The Parties shall attach particular importance to following up on the cooperation measures put in place to contribute to the optimal execution and making the most of the benefits of this Agreement.

2. The Trade Committee shall follow up and, where appropriate, provide stimulus and guidance in relation to the main aspects of cooperation within the framework of the objectives referred to in Article 324 paragraphs 1 and 2.

3. The Trade Committee may make recommendations to the competent bodies of each Party responsible for the programming and execution of cooperation.

Title XIV. Final Provisions

Article 327. Annexes, Appendices, Declarations and Footnotes

The annexes, appendices, declarations and footnotes to this Agreement constitute an integral part thereof.

Article 328. Accession of New Member States to the European Union

1. The EU Party shall notify to the signatory Andean Countries of any request for accession of a third country to the European Union.

2. During the negotiations between the European Union and the candidate country seeking accession to the European Union, the EU Party shall: (a) provide, upon request of a signatory Andean Country, and to the extent possible, any information regarding any matter covered by this Agreement; and (b) take into account any concerns expressed by the signatory Andean Countries.

3. The EU Party shall notify the signatory Andean Countries of the entry into force of any accession to the European Union.

4. In the framework of the Trade Committee, and sufficiently in advance of the date of accession of a third country to the European Union, the EU Party and the signatory Andean countries shall examine any effects of such accession on this Agreement. The Trade Committee shall decide on any necessary adjustment or transition measures.

Article 329. Accession to this Agreement by other Member Countries of the Andean Community

1. Any Member Country of the Andean Community which is not a Party to this Agreement on the date of its entry into force between the EU Party and at least one of the signatory Andean Countries (hereinafter referred to as "applicant Andean Country") may accede to this Agreement pursuant to the conditions and procedures established in this Article.

2. The EU Party shall negotiate with the applicant Andean Country the conditions of its accession to this Agreement. In the context of these negotiations, the EU Party shall aim at preserving the integrity of this Agreement, limiting any flexibility to the negotiation of the lists of mutual concessions corresponding to Annexes I (Tariff Elimination Schedules), VII (List of Commitments on Establishment) and VIII (List of Commitments on Cross border Supply of Services) and any aspect for which such flexibility were necessary for the accession of the applicant Andean Country. The EU Party shall notify the Trade Committee of the conclusion of these negotiations for the purposes of the consultations referred to in paragraph 3.

3. The EU Party shall consult the signatory Andean Countries within the Trade Committee on any result of the accession negotiations with an applicant Andean Country that may affect the rights or obligations of the signatory Andean Countries. At the request of any Party, the Trade Committee shall review the effects of the accession of the applicant Andean Country to this Agreement and shall decide on any further measures that might be necessary.

4. The accession of an applicant Andean Country shall become effective by means of the conclusion of a protocol of accession, which shall be previously approved by the Trade Committee (102). The Parties shall undertake the internal procedures necessary for the entry into force of that protocol.

5. This Agreement shall enter into force between an applicant Andean Country and each Party on the first day of the month following the receipt by the Depository of the last notification by the applicant Andean Country and the corresponding Party of the completion of their internal procedures required for the entry into force of the protocol of accession. This Agreement may also be provisionally applied if the protocol of accession so provides.

6. If on the date of entry into force of this Agreement between the EU Party and at least one signatory Andean Country, a Member Country of the Andean Community which has participated in the adoption of the text of this Agreement has not signed it, such country shall be entitled to sign it and shall not be considered an applicant Andean Country under paragraph 1.

(102) Notwithstanding this paragraph, the Parties understand that the lists of concessions set out in Annexes I (Tariff Elimination Schedules), VII (List of Commitments on Establishment) and VIII (List of Commitments on Cross border Supply of Services) resulting from the negotiation between the EU Party and the applicant Andean Country, shall be incorporated into the protocol of accession without requiring the approval of the Trade Committee.

Article 330. Entry Into Force

1. Each Party shall notify in writing the completion of its internal procedures required for the entry into force of this Agreement to all other Parties and to the Depositary referred to in Article 332.

2. This Agreement shall enter into force between the EU Party and each signatory Andean Country on the first day of the month following the date of receipt by the Depositary of the last notification foreseen in paragraph 1 corresponding to the EU Party and that signatory Andean Country, unless the Parties concerned have agreed on a different date.

3. Notwithstanding paragraph 2, the Parties may provisionally apply this Agreement fully or partially. Each Party shall notify the Depositary and all other Parties of the completion of the internal procedures required for the provisional application of this Agreement. The provisional application of this Agreement between the EU Party and a signatory Andean Country shall begin on the first day of the month following the date of receipt by the Depositary of the last notification of the EU Party and such signatory Andean Country.

4. Where in accordance with paragraph 3, a provision of this Agreement is applied by the Parties pending the entry into force of this Agreement, any reference in such provision to the date of entry into force of this Agreement shall be understood to refer to the date from which the Parties agree to apply that provision in accordance with paragraph 3.

  • Title   I Initial Provisions 1
  • Chapter   1 Essential Elements 1
  • Article   1 General Principles 1
  • Article   2 Disarmament and Non-proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction 1
  • Chapter   2 General Provisions 1
  • Article   3 Establishment of a Free Trade Area 1
  • Article   4 Objectives 1
  • Article   5 Relation to the WTO Agreement 1
  • Article   6 Definition of the Parties 1
  • Article   7 Trade and Economic Relations Covered by this Agreement 1
  • Article   8 Fulfilment of Obligations 1
  • Article   9 Geographical Scope of Application 1
  • Article   10 Regional Integration 1
  • Chapter   3 Definitions of General Application 1
  • Article   11 Definitions 1
  • Title   II Institutional Provisions 1
  • Article   12 Trade Committee 1
  • Article   13 Functions of the Trade Committee 1
  • Article   14 Decision-making 2
  • Article   15 Specialised Bodies 2
  • Article   16 Coordinators of the Agreement 2
  • Title   III Trade In Goods 2
  • Chapter   1 Market Access for Goods 2
  • Section   1 Common Provisions 2
  • Article   17 Objective 2
  • Article   18 Scope of Application 2
  • Article   19 Definitions 2
  • Article   20 Classification of Goods 2
  • Article   21 National Treatment 2
  • Section   2 Elimination of Custom Duties 2
  • Article   22 Elimination of Customs Duties 2
  • Section   3 Non Tariff Measures 2
  • Article   23 Import and Export Restrictions 2
  • Article   24 Fees and Charges 2
  • Article   25 Duties and Taxes on Exports 2
  • Article   26 Import and Export Licensing Procedures 2
  • Article   27 State Trading Enterprises 2
  • Section   4 Agricultural Goods 2
  • Article   28 Scope of Application 2
  • Article   29 Agricultural Safeguard 2
  • Article   30 Price Band System 2
  • Article   31 System of Entry Prices 2
  • Article   32 Export Subsidies and other Equivalent Effect Measures 2
  • Article   33 Administration and Implementation of Tariff Rate Quotas 2
  • Section   5 Management of Administrative Errors 2
  • Article   34 Management of Administrative Errors 2
  • Section   6 Sub-committees 2
  • Article   35 Sub-committee on Market Access 2
  • Article   36 Sub-committee on Agriculture 2
  • Chapter   2 Trade Remedies 2
  • Section   1 Anti-dumping and Countervailing Measures 3
  • Article   37 General Provisions 3
  • Article   38 Transparency 3
  • Article   39 Consideration of Public Interest 3
  • Article   40 Lesser Duty Rule 3
  • Article   41 Investigating Authorities 3
  • Article   42 Exclusion from the Dispute Settlement Mechanism 3
  • Section   2 Multilateral Safeguard Measures 3
  • Article   43 General Provisions 3
  • Article   44 Transparency 3
  • Article   45 Non-simultaneous Application of Safeguard Measures 3
  • Article   46 Investigating Authority 3
  • Article   47 Exclusion from Dispute Settlement Mechanism 3
  • Section   3 Bilateral Safeguard Clause 3
  • Article   48 Application of a Bilateral Safeguard Measure 3
  • Article   49 Notification and Consultations 3
  • Article   50 Type of Measures 3
  • Article   51 Investigation Procedure 3
  • Article   52 Conditions and Duration of a Measure 3
  • Article   53 Provisional Measures 3
  • Article   54 Compensation 3
  • Article   55 Re-application of a Measure 3
  • Article   56 Outermost Regions of the European Union  (15) 3
  • Article   57 Competent Authority 3
  • Chapter   3 Customs and Trade Facilitation 3
  • Article   58 Objectives 3
  • Article   59 Customs and Trade-related Procedures 3
  • Article   60 Advance Rulings 3
  • Article   61 Risk Management 3
  • Article   62 Authorised Economic Operator 3
  • Article   63 Transit 3
  • Article   64 Relations with the Business Community 3
  • Article   65 Customs Valuation 3
  • Article   66 Customs Cooperation 3
  • Article   67 Mutual Assistance 3
  • Article   68 Sub-committee on Customs, Trade Facilitation and Rules of Origin 3
  • Article   69 Technical Assistance on Customs and Trade Facilitation 4
  • Article   70 Implementation 4
  • Chapter   4 Technical Barriers to Trade 4
  • Article   71 Objectives 4
  • Article   72 Definitions 4
  • Article   73 Relationship with the Tbt Agreement 4
  • Article   74 Scope of Application 4
  • Article   75 Cooperation and Trade Facilitation 4
  • Article   76 Technical Regulations 4
  • Article   77 Standards 4
  • Article   78 Conformity Assessment and Accreditation 4
  • Article   79 Transparency and Notification Procedures 4
  • Article   80 Border Control and Market Surveillance 4
  • Article   81 Marking and Labelling 4
  • Article   82 Trade Related Technical Assistance and Capacity Building 4
  • Article   83 Sub-committee on Technical Barriers to Trade 4
  • Article   84 Exchange of Information 4
  • Chapter   5 Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 4
  • Article   85 Objectives 4
  • Article   86 Rights and Obligations 4
  • Article   87 Scope of Application 4
  • Article   88 Definitions 5
  • Article   89 Competent Authorities 5
  • Article   90 General Principles 5
  • Article   91 Import Requirements 5
  • Article   92 Import Procedures 5
  • Article   93 Verifications 5
  • Article   94 Measures Linked to Animal and Plant Health 5
  • Article   95 Equivalence 5
  • Article   96 Transparency and Exchange of Information 5
  • Article   97 Notification and Consultation 5
  • Article   98 Emergency Measures 5
  • Article   99 Alternative Measures 5
  • Article   100 Special and Differential Treatment 5
  • Article   101 Technical Assistance and Strengthening of the Trade Capacities 5
  • Article   102 Collaboration on Animal Welfare 5
  • Article   103 Sub-committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 5
  • Article   104 Dispute Settlement 5
  • Chapter   6 5
  • Article   105 Movement of Goods 5
  • Chapter   7 Exceptions 5
  • Article   106 Exceptions to the Title on Trade In Goods 5
  • Title   IV Trade In Services, Establishment and Electronic Commerce 5
  • Chapter   1 General Provisions 5
  • Article   107 Objective and Scope of Application 5
  • Article   108 Definitions 5
  • Article   109 Working Groups 6
  • Chapter   2 Establishment 6
  • Article   110 Definitions 6
  • Article   111 Scope of Application 6
  • Article   112 Market Access 6
  • Article   113 National Treatment 6
  • Article   114 List of Commitments 6
  • Article   115 Other Agreements 6
  • Article   116 Investment Promotion and Review 6
  • Chapter   3 Cross-border Supply of Services 6
  • Article   117 Definitions 6
  • Article   118 Scope of Application 6
  • Article   119 Market Access 6
  • Article   120 National Treatment 6
  • Article   121 List of Commitments 6
  • Chapter   4 Temporary Presence of Natural Persons for Business Purposes 6
  • Article   122 Scope of Application 6
  • Article   123 Definitions 6
  • Article   124 Key Personnel and Graduate Trainees 6
  • Article   125 Business Services Sellers 6
  • Article   126 Contractual Services Suppliers 6
  • Article   127 Independent Professionals 7
  • Article   128 Short Term Visitors for Business Purposes 7
  • Chapter   5 Regulatory Framework 7
  • Section   1 Provisions of General Application 7
  • Article   129 Mutual Recognition 7
  • Article   130 Transparency and Disclosure of Confidential Information 7
  • Article   131 Domestic Regulation 7
  • Section   2 Computer Services 7
  • Article   132 Understanding on Computer Services 7
  • Section   3 Postal and Courier Services 7
  • Article   133 Scope of Application 7
  • Article   134 Definitions 7
  • Article   135 Prevention of Anti-competitive Practices In the Postal and Courier Services Sector 7
  • Article   136 Universal Service 7
  • Article   137 Individual Licences 7
  • Article   138 Independence of Regulatory Bodies 8
  • Section   4 Telecommunications Services 8
  • Article   139 Scope of Application 8
  • Article   140 Definitions 8
  • Article   141 Competitive Safeguards on Major Suppliers 8
  • Article   142 Additional Obligations of Major Suppliers  (56) 8
  • Article   143 Regulatory Authorities 8
  • Article   144 Authorisation to Provide Telecommunications Services 8
  • Article   145 Interconnection 8
  • Article   146 Scarce Resources 8
  • Article   147 Universal Service 8
  • Article   148 Telephone Directories 8
  • Article   149 Confidentiality of Information 8
  • Article   150 Disputes between Suppliers 8
  • Section   5 Financial Services 8
  • Article   151 Scope of Application 8
  • Article   152 Definitions 8
  • Article   153 Clearing and Payment Systems 8
  • Article   154 Prudential Carve-out 8
  • Article   155 Effective and Transparent Regulation 8
  • Article   156 New Financial Services 9
  • Article   157 Data Processing 9
  • Article   158 Recognition of Prudential Measures 9
  • Article   159 Specific Exceptions 9
  • Section   6 International Maritime Transport Services 9
  • Article   160 Scope of Application and Principles 9
  • Article   161 Definitions 9
  • Chapter   6 Electronic Commerce 9
  • Article   162 Objective and Principles 9
  • Article   163 Regulatory Aspects of Electronic Commerce 9
  • Article   164 Protection of Personal Data 9
  • Article   165 Management of Paperless Trading 9
  • Article   166 Consumer Protection 9
  • Chapter   7 Exceptions 9
  • Article   167 General Exceptions 9
  • Title   V Current Payments and Capital Movements 9
  • Article   168 Current Account 9
  • Article   169 Capital Account 9
  • Article   170 Safeguard Measures 9
  • Article   171 Final Provisions 9
  • Title   VI Government Procurement 9
  • Article   172 Definitions 9
  • Article   173 Scope of Application 9
  • Article   174 Exceptions 10
  • Article   175 General Principles 10
  • Article   176 Publication of Procurement Information 10
  • Article   177 Publication of Notices 10
  • Article   178 Conditions for Participation 10
  • Article   179 Selective Tendering 10
  • Article   180 Multi-use List  (68) 10
  • Article   181 Technical Specifications 10
  • Article   182 Tender Documentation 10
  • Article   183 Time Periods 10
  • Article   184 Negotiations 10
  • Article   185 Limited Tendering 10
  • Article   186 Electronic Auctions 10
  • Article   187 Treatment of Tenders and Award of Contracts 10
  • Article   188 Transparency of Procurement Information 10
  • Article   189 Disclosure of Information 10
  • Article   190 Domestic Review Procedures 10
  • Article   191 Modifications and Rectifications of Coverage 10
  • Article   192 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Participation 11
  • Article   193 Cooperation 11
  • Article   194 Sub-committee on Government Procurement 11
  • Title   VII Intellectual Property 11
  • Chapter   1 General Provisions 11
  • Article   195 Objectives 11
  • Article   196 Nature and Scope of the Obligations 11
  • Article   197 General Principles 11
  • Article   198 National Treatment 11
  • Article   199 Most Favoured Nation Treatment 11
  • Article   200 Exhaustion 11
  • Chapter   2 Protection of Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge 11
  • Article   201 11
  • Chapter   3 Provisions Concerning Intellectual Property Rights 11
  • Section   1 Trademarks 11
  • Article   202 International Agreements 11
  • Article   203 Registration Requirements 11
  • Article   204 Registration Procedure 11
  • Article   205 Well-known Trademarks 11
  • Article   206 Exceptions to the Rights Conferred by a Trademark 11
  • Section   2 Geographical Indications 11
  • Article   207 Scope of Application of this Section 11
  • Article   208 Established Geographical Indications 11
  • Article   209 Addition of New Geographical Indications 11
  • Article   210 Scope of Protection of Geographical Indications 11
  • Article   211 Relationship with Trademarks 11
  • Article   212 General Rules 11
  • Article   213 Cooperation and Transparency 11
  • Article   214 11
  • Section   3 Copyright and Related Rights 11
  • Article   215 Protection Granted 11
  • Article   216 Moral Rights 11
  • Article   217 Collective Management Societies 12
  • Article   218 Duration of Rights of Authors 12
  • Article   219 Duration of Related Rights 12
  • Article   220 Broadcasting and Communication to the Public 12
  • Article   221 Protection of Technological Measures 12
  • Article   222 Protection of Rights Management Information 12
  • Article   223 Resale Right of Artists In Works of Arts 12
  • Section   4 Designs 12
  • Article   224 International Agreements 12
  • Article   225 Requirements for Protection of Designs  (76) 12
  • Article   226 Rights Conferred by Registration 12
  • Article   227 Term of Protection 12
  • Article   228 Exceptions 12
  • Article   229 Relationship to Copyright 12
  • Section   5 Patents 12
  • Article   230 12
  • Section   6 Protection of Data of Certain Regulated Products 12
  • Article   231 12
  • Section   7 Plant Varieties 12
  • Article   232 12
  • Section   8 Unfair Competition 12
  • Article   233 12
  • Chapter   4 Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights 12
  • Section   1 General Provisions 12
  • Article   234 12
  • Section   2 Civil and Administrative Remedies and Procedures 12
  • Article   235 12
  • Article   236 Entitled Applicants 12
  • Article   237 Evidence 12
  • Article   238 Measures for Preserving Evidence 12
  • Article   239 Right of Information 12
  • Article   240 Provisional and Precautionary Measures 12
  • Article   241 Corrective Measures 12
  • Article   242 Injunctions 12
  • Article   243 Alternative Measures 12
  • Article   244 Damages 12
  • Article   245 Legal Costs 12
  • Article   246 Publication of Judicial Decisions 12
  • Article   247 Presumption of Authorship or Ownership 12
  • Article   248 Administrative Procedures 12
  • Article   249 Border Measures 12
  • Section   3 Liability of Intermediary Service Providers 12
  • Article   250 Use of Services of Intermediaries 13
  • Article   251 Liability of Intermediary Service Providers: "mere Conduit" 13
  • Article   252 Liability of Intermediary Service Providers: "caching" 13
  • Article   253 Liability of Intermediary Service Providers: "hosting" 13
  • Article   254 No General Obligation to Monitor 13
  • Chapter   5 Transfer of Technology 13
  • Article   255 13
  • Chapter   6 Cooperation 13
  • Article   256 13
  • Article   257 Sub-committee on Intellectual Property 13
  • Title   VIII Competition 13
  • Article   258 Definitions 13
  • Article   259 Objectives and Principles 13
  • Article   260 Competition Laws, Authorities and Policies 13
  • Article   261 Cooperation and Exchange of Information 13
  • Article   262 Notification 13
  • Article   263 Designated Monopolies and State Enterprises 13
  • Article   264 Technical Assistance 13
  • Article   265 Consultations 13
  • Article   266 Dispute Settlement 13
  • Title   IX Trade and Sustainable Development 13
  • Article   267 Context and Objectives 13
  • Article   268 Right to Regulate and Levels of Protection 13
  • Article   269 Multilateral Labour Standards and Agreements 13
  • Article   270 Multilateral Environmental Standards and Agreements 13
  • Article   271 Trade Favouring Sustainable Development 13
  • Article   272 Biological Diversity 13
  • Article   273 Trade In Forest Products 13
  • Article   274 Trade In Fish Products 14
  • Article   275 Climate Change 14
  • Article   276 Migrant Workers 14
  • Article   277 Upholding Levels of Protection 14
  • Article   278 Scientific Information 14
  • Article   279 Review of Sustainability Impacts 14
  • Article   280 Institutional and Monitoring Mechanism 14
  • Article   281 Domestic Mechanisms 14
  • Article   282 Dialogue with Civil Society 14
  • Article   283 Governmental Consultations  (93) 14
  • Article   284 Group of Experts 14
  • Article   285 Report of the Group of Experts  (95) 14
  • Article   286 Cooperation on Trade and Sustainable Development 14
  • Title   X Transparency and Administrative Proceedings 14
  • Article   287 Cooperation to Promote Transparency 14
  • Article   288 Publication 14
  • Article   289 Confidential Information 14
  • Article   290 Exchange of Information 14
  • Article   291 Administrative Proceedings 14
  • Article   292 Review and Appeal 14
  • Article   293 Transparency on Subsidies 14
  • Article   294 Specific Rules 14
  • Title   XI General Exceptions 14
  • Article   295 Security Exception 14
  • Article   296 Taxation 14
  • Article   297 Balance of Payments 14
  • Title   XII Dispute Settlement 14
  • Chapter   1 Objectives, Scope of Application and Definitions 14
  • Article   298 Objective 14
  • Article   299 Scope of Application 14
  • Article   300 Definitions 15
  • Chapter   2 Consultations 15
  • Article   301 Consultations 15
  • Chapter   3 Dispute Settlement Procedures 15
  • Article   302 Initiation of Arbitration Proceedings 15
  • Article   303 Establishment of the Arbitration Panel 15
  • Article   304 List of Arbitrators 15
  • Article   305 Objection, Removal and Substitution 15
  • Article   306 Consolidation of Arbitration Proceedings 15
  • Article   307 Arbitration Panel Ruling 15
  • Article   308 Implementation of the Arbitration Ruling 15
  • Article   309 Review of Any Measure Adopted to Comply with the Arbitration Ruling 15
  • Article   310 Temporary Remedies In Case of Non-compliance 15
  • Article   311 Review of Any Measure Adopted after the Suspension of Benefits or Compensation for Non-compliance 15
  • Article   312 Request for Clarification of a Ruling 15
  • Article   313 Suspension and Termination of Arbitration Proceedings 15
  • Chapter   4 General Provisions 15
  • Article   314 Mutually Agreed Solution 15
  • Article   315 Rules of Procedure and Code of Conduct 15
  • Article   316 Information and Technical Advice 15
  • Article   317 Rules of Interpretation 15
  • Article   318 Arbitration Panel Decisions and Rulings 15
  • Article   319 Relation with Wto Rights and Choice of Forum 15
  • Article   320 Time Limits 15
  • Article   321 Modification of the Rules of Procedure and Code of Conduct 15
  • Article   322 Mediation Mechanism 15
  • Article   323 Good Offices, Conciliation and Mediation 15
  • Title   XIII Technical Assistance and Trade-capacity Building 15
  • Article   324 Objectives 15
  • Article   325 Scope and Means 15
  • Article   326 Trade Committee Functions Regarding Cooperation Under this Title 15
  • Title   XIV Final Provisions 15
  • Article   327 Annexes, Appendices, Declarations and Footnotes 15
  • Article   328 Accession of New Member States to the European Union 15
  • Article   329 Accession to this Agreement by other Member Countries of the Andean Community 15
  • Article   330 Entry Into Force 15
  • Article   331 Duration and Withdrawal 16
  • Article   332 Depositary 16
  • Article   333 Modifications to the Wto Agreement 16
  • Article   334 Amendments 16
  • Article   335 Reservations 16
  • Article   336 Rights and Obligations Under this Agreement 16
  • Article   337 Authentic Texts 16