Mexico - Nicaragua FTA (1997)
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  • Chapter   I Initial Provisions 1
  • Article   1-01 Establishment of the Free Trade Area 1
  • Article   1-02 Objectives 1
  • Article   1-03 Relationship with other International Treaties and Agreements 1
  • Article   1-04 Observance of the Treaty 1
  • Article   1-05 Succession 1
  • Chapter   II General Definitions 1
  • Article   2-01 Definitions of General Application 1
  • Annex to Article 2-01  Country-specific definitions 1
  • Chapter   III National Treatment and Market Access for Goods 1
  • Section   A Scope and Definitions 1
  • Article   3-01 Definitions 1
  • Article   3-02 Scope 1
  • Section   B National Treatment National Treatment 1
  • Article   3-03 National Treatment 1
  • Section   C Tariffs 1
  • Article   3-04 Tariff Relief 1
  • Article   3-05 Restrictions on Duty Drawback on Exported Goods and on Duty Deferral Programs 1
  • Article   3-06 Temporary admission of goods 2
  • Article   3-07 Import free of customs tariff for commercial samples void 2
  • Article   3-08 Exemption from customs tariffs 2
  • Section   D Non-tariff measures 2
  • Article   3-09 Restrictions on the importation and exportation. 2
  • Article   3-10 Export taxes 2
  • Article   3-11 Customs processing fees 2
  • Article   3-12 Country of origin marking 2
  • Article   3-13 Distinctive product 2
  • Section   E Publication and notification 2
  • Article   3-14 Publication and notification 2
  • Section   F Provisions on textile goods 2
  • Article   3-15 Levels of flexibility to temporary goods classified in Chapters 61 and 62 of the Harmonized System. 2
  • Chapter   IV Agriculture 3
  • Article   4-01 Definitions 3
  • Article   4-02 Scope 3
  • Article   4-03 International Obligations 3
  • Article   4-04 Access to Markets 3
  • Article   4-05 Domestic Support 3
  • Article   4-06 Export Subsidies 3
  • Article   4-07 Technical Standards and Agricultural Marketing 3
  • Article   4-08 Committee on Agricultural Trade 3
  • Chapter   V Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 3
  • Article   5-01 Definitions 3
  • Article   5-02 Scope 3
  • Article   5-03 Fundamental Rights and Obligations 3
  • Article   5-04 International Standards and Standardisation Bodies 3
  • Article   5-05 Equivalence 3
  • Article   5-06 Risk assessment and appropriate level of sanitary and phytosanitary protection 4
  • Article   5-07 Adaptation to regional conditions and recognition of pest or disease free areas and areas of low pest or disease prevalence 4
  • Article   5-08 Control procedures, inspection and approval 4
  • Article   5-09 Provision of information, notification and publication 4
  • Article   5-10 Information centres 4
  • Article   5-11 Limitations on the provision of information 4
  • Article   5-12 Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures. 4
  • Article   5-13 Technical cooperation 4
  • Article   5-14 Technical consultations 4
  • Article   5-15 Dispute settlement 4
  • Chapter   VI Rules of origin 4
  • Article   6-01 Definitions 4
  • Article   6-02 Implementation tools 5
  • Article   6-03 Originating goods 5
  • Article   6-04 Regional value content 5
  • Article   6-05 Value of the materials 5
  • Article   6-06 De minimis 5
  • Article   6-07 Intermediate material 5
  • Article   6-08 Cumulation 5
  • Article   6-09 Fungible goods and materials 5
  • Article   6-10 Sets or assortments 5
  • Article   6-11 Indirect materials 5
  • Article   6-12 Spare parts and accessories, tools or alterations 5
  • Article   6-13 Packages and packing materials for retail sale. 5
  • Article   6-14 Packing materials and containers for shipment 5
  • Article   6-15 Goods of the automotive industry 5
  • Article   6-16 Operations and practices that do not confer origin 6
  • Article   6-17 Transhipment and direct consignment 6
  • Article   6-18 Consultations and amendments 6
  • Article   6-19 Interpretation 6
  • Article   6-20 Transitional provisions on regional value content 6
  • Chapter   VII Customs procedures 6
  • Article   7-01 Definitions 6
  • Article   7-02 Statement and certification of origin 6
  • Article   7-03 Duties on imports 6
  • Article   7-04 Duties on exports 6
  • Article   7-05 Exceptions 6
  • Article   7-06 Accounting records 6
  • Article   7-07 Procedures to verify the origin 6
  • Article   7-08 Review and challenge 6
  • Article   7-09 Sanctions 6
  • Article   7-10 Advance rulings 6
  • Article   7-11 Committee on Customs Procedures 7
  • Chapter   VIII Safeguards 7
  • Article   8-01 Definitions 7
  • Article   8-02 Safeguards regime 7
  • Section   A Bilateral measures 7
  • Article   8-03 Conditions of application 7
  • Article   8-04 Compensation for bilateral measures 7
  • Section   B Comprehensive measures 7
  • Article   8-05 Rights under the WTO 7
  • Article   8-06 Criteria for the adoption of a comprehensive measure 7
  • Article   8-07 Compensation for comprehensive measures 7
  • Section   C Procedure 7
  • Article   8-08 Adoption procedure 7
  • Article   8-09 Research 7
  • Article   8-10 Determination of serious injury or threat of serious harm 7
  • Article   8-11 Effect of other factors 7
  • Article   8-12 Publication and notification 7
  • Article   8-13 Content of the notification 7
  • Article   8-14 Prior consultations 7
  • Article   8-15 Confidential information 7
  • Article   8-16 Observations of the exporting Party 7
  • Article   8-17 Extension 7
  • Chapter   IX International unfair trade practices 7
  • Article   9-01 definitions 7
  • Article   9-02 General provisions 7
  • Article   9-03 Export subsidies 7
  • Article   9-04 Rights and obligations of the parties concerned 7
  • Article   9-05 Countervailing duties 7
  • Article   9-06 Copies 7
  • Article   9-07 Publication 7
  • Article   9-08 Content of resolutions 8
  • Article   9-09 Notifications and deadlines 8
  • Article   9-10 Deadlines for provisional measures 8
  • Article   9-11 Adoption and publication of the preliminary ruling 8
  • Article   9-12 Content of the preliminary ruling 8
  • Article   9-13 Conciliation hearings 8
  • Article   9-14 Briefings 8
  • Article   9-15 Public hearings 8
  • Article   9-16 Obligation to terminate an investigation 8
  • Article   9-17 Enforcement of countervailing contributions 8
  • Article   9-18 Refund or drawback 8
  • Article   9-19 Clarifications 8
  • Article   9-20 Review 8
  • Article   9-21 Access to files 8
  • Article   9-22 Access to other cases 8
  • Article   9-23 Access to confidential information 8
  • Article   9-24 Amendments to national legislation. 8
  • Chapter   X Principles on Trade in Services 8
  • Article   10-01 Definitions 8
  • Article   10-02 Scope of application 8
  • Article   10-03 Most-favoured-nation treatment 8
  • Article   10-04 National treatment 8
  • Article   10-05 Non-mandatory local presence 8
  • Article   10-06 Consolidation of measures 8
  • Article   10-07 Transparency 8
  • Article   10-08 Quantitative restrictions 8
  • Article   10-09 Future liberalization 8
  • Article   10-10 Liberalization of non-discriminatory measures 8
  • Article   10-11 Procedures 8
  • Article   10-12 Limitations on the provision of information 9
  • Article   10-13 Licensing and certification 9
  • Article   10-14 Denial of benefits 9
  • Article   10-15 Exceptions 9
  • Article   10-16 Future work 9
  • Article   10-17 Relationship with multilateral agreements on services 9
  • Article   10-18 Technical cooperation 9
  • Chapter   XI Telecommunications 9
  • Article   11-01 Definitions 9
  • Article   11-02 Scope 9
  • Article   11-03 Access to public telecommunications networks and services and its use 9
  • Article   11-04 Conditions for the provision of enhanced or value-added services 9
  • Article   11-05 Measures related to standardization 9
  • Article   11-06 Monopolies 9
  • Article   11-07 Relationship with international organisations and agreements 9
  • Article   11-08 Technical cooperation and other consultations 9
  • Article   11-09 Transparency 9
  • Article   11-10 Relationship to other chapters. 9
  • Chapter   XII Temporary entry of business persons 9
  • Article   12-01 Definitions 9
  • Article   12-02 General principles 10
  • Article   12-03 General obligations 10
  • Article   12-04 Authorisation for temporary entry 10
  • Article   12-05 Availability of information 10
  • Article   12-06 Committee on temporary entry. 10
  • Article   12-07 Dispute settlement 10
  • Article   12-08 Relationship to other chapters 10
  • Annex to Article 12-04  Temporary entry of business persons 10
  • Section   A Business visitors 10
  • Section   B Traders and investors 10
  • Section   C Transfers of personal within an enterprise 10
  • Appendix 1 to Annex Article 12-04  Business visitors 10
  • Appendix 2 to Annex Article 12-04  Existing immigration measures 10
  • Chapter   XIII Financial Services 10
  • Article   13-01 Definitions 10
  • Article   13-02 Scope 10
  • Article   13-03 Self-regulating agencies 11
  • Article   13-04 Right of establishment 11
  • Article   13-05 Cross-border trade 11
  • Article   13-06 National Treatment 11
  • Article   13-07 Most-favoured-nation treatment 11
  • Article   13-08 Recognition and harmonization 11
  • Article   13-09 Exceptions 11
  • Article   13-10 Transparency 11
  • Article   13-11 Financial Services Committee 11
  • Article   13-12 Consultations 11
  • Article   13-13 New financial services and data processing 11
  • Article   13-14 Senior management and boards of directors 11
  • Article   13-15 Reserves and specific commitments 11
  • Article   13-16 Denial of benefits 11
  • Article   13-17 Transfers 11
  • Article   13-18 Safeguarding and balance of payments 11
  • Article   13-19 Settlement of disputes between the parties 11
  • Article   13-20 Settlement of disputes between an investor and a party of the other party. 11
  • Annex to Article 13-11  Competent authorities 11
  • Chapter   XIV Measures related to standardization 11
  • Article   14-01 Definitions 11
  • Article   14-02 Scope 11
  • Article   14-03 Reaffirmation of international rights and obligations. 11
  • Article   14-04 Basic rights and obligations 11
  • Article   14-05 Use of international standards 12
  • Article   14-06 Compatibility and equivalence 12
  • Article   14-07 Conformity assessment 12
  • Article   14-08 Provision of information, notification and publication 12
  • Article   14-09 Information centres 12
  • Article   14-10 Limitations on the provision of information 12
  • Article   14-11 Metrology patterns 12
  • Article   14-12 Health protection 12
  • Article   14-13 Risk assessment 12
  • Article   14-14 Environmental protection and management of chemicals and hazardous wastes 12
  • Article   14-15 Labelling 12
  • Article   14-16 Committee on Standards-Related Measures 12
  • Article   14-17 Technical cooperation 13
  • Article   14-18 Technical consultations 13
  • Chapter   XV Government procurement 13
  • Section   A Definitions 13
  • Article   15-01 Definitions 13
  • Section   B Scope of application 13
  • Article   15-02 Scope of application 13
  • Article   15-03 Valuation of contracts 13
  • Article   15-04 National Treatment and Non-Discrimination 13
  • Article   15-05 Rules of origin 13
  • Article   15-06 Denial of benefits 13
  • Article   15-07 Prohibition of countervailing special conditions 13
  • Article   15-08 Technical specifications 13
  • Section   C Tendering procedures 13
  • Article   15-09 Tendering procedures 13
  • Article   15-10 Supplier qualification 13
  • Article   15-11 Invitation to participate 13
  • Article   15-12 Selective tendering procedures 14
  • Article   15-13 Time limits for tendering and delivery 14
  • Article   15-14 Bidding conditions 14
  • Article   15-15 Submission, receipt and opening of tenders and awarding of contracts 14
  • Article   15-16 Limited tendering 14
  • Section   D Avoidance proceedings 14
  • Article   15-17 Avoidance proceedings 14
  • Section   E General provisions 14
  • Article   15-18 Exceptions 14
  • Article   15-19 Provision of information 14
  • Article   15-20 Technical cooperation 14
  • Article   15-21 Joint programmes for micro, small and medium-sized Industry 14
  • Article   15-22 Rectifications or modifications 15
  • Article   15-23 Disposal of entities 15
  • Article   15-24 Future negotiations 15
  • Chapter   XVI Investment 15
  • Section   A Investment 15
  • Article   16-01 Definitions 15
  • Article   16-02 Scope 15
  • Article   16-03 National Treatment 15
  • Article   16-04 Most-favoured-nation treatment 15
  • Article   16-05 Performance requirements 15
  • Article   16-06 Employment and business management. 15
  • Article   16-07 Reservations and exceptions 15
  • Article   16-08 Transfers 15
  • Article   16-09 Expropriation and compensation 15
  • Article   16-10 Special formalities and information requirements 15
  • Article   16-11 Relationship to other chapters 15
  • Article   16-12 Denial of benefits 15
  • Article   16-13 Extraterritorial application of the legislation of a party 15
  • Article   16-14 Measures related to the environment 15
  • Article   16-15 Investment promotion and exchange of information 15
  • Article   16-16 Double taxation 16
  • Section   B Settlement of disputes between a party and an investor of the other party 16
  • Article   16-17 Objective 16
  • Article   16-18 Claim by an investor of a Party, on its own account or on behalf of an enterprise 16
  • Article   16-19 Dispute settlement through consultation and negotiation 16
  • Article   16-20 Notice of intent to submit a claim to arbitration 16
  • Article   16-21 Submission of a claim to arbitration 16
  • Article   16-22 Conditions precedent to submission of a claim to arbitration 16
  • Article   16-23 Consent to arbitration 16
  • Article   16-24 Number of arbitrators and method of appointment 16
  • Article   16-25 Integration of the tribunal in the event that a disputing party fails to appoint an arbitrator or fails to reach an agreement on the appointment of the tribunal's president 16
  • Article   16-26 Agreement to appointment of arbitrators 16
  • Article   16-27 Consolidation of proceedings 16
  • Article   16-28 Notification to the Secretariat 16
  • Article   16-29 Notification to the other party 16
  • Article   16-30 Participation of a party 16
  • Article   16-31 Documentation 16
  • Article   16-32 Seat of arbitration 16
  • Article   16-33 Applicable law 16
  • Article   16-34 Interpretation of annexes 16
  • Article   16-35 Provisional or protective measures 16
  • Article   16-36 Final award 16
  • Article   16-37 Finality and enforcement of the award 16
  • Article   16-38 General provisions 16
  • Article   16-39 Exclusions 16
  • Annex to Article 16-38  Service of documents 16
  • Annex to Article 16-39  Exclusions from Mexico 16
  • Chapter   XVII Intellectual property 17
  • Section   A General provisions and principles 17
  • Article   17-01 Definitions 17
  • Article   17-02 Protection of intellectual property rights 17
  • Article   17-03 Provisions on the subject 17
  • Article   17-04 National Treatment 17
  • Article   17-05 Exceptions 17
  • Article   17-06 Most-favoured-nation treatment 17
  • Article   17-07 Control of abusive or anticompetitive practices and conditions 17
  • Article   17-08 Cooperation to Eliminate Trade in Goods that Infringe Intellectual Property Rights 17
  • Section   B Trademarks 17
  • Article   17-09 Subject matter 17
  • Article   17-10 Rights conferred 17
  • Article   17-11 Well-known trademarks 17
  • Article   17-12 Exceptions 17
  • Article   17-13 Duration of protection 17
  • Article   17-14 Use of the trademark 17
  • Article   17-15 Other requirements 17
  • Article   17-16 Licences and assignment of trademarks 17
  • Section   C Geographical indications of source and designations of origin 17
  • Article   17-17 Protection of geographical indications or provenance and designations of origin 17
  • Section   D Protection of undisclosed information 17
  • Article   17-18 Protection of undisclosed information 17
  • Section   E Copyright 17
  • Article   17-19 Copyright 17
  • Section   F Related rights 17
  • Article   17-20 Performers 17
  • Article   17-21 Producers of phonograms 17
  • Article   17-22 Broadcasting organisations 17
  • Article   17-23 Term of protection of related rights 17
  • Article   17-24 Limitations or exceptions to the rights related thereto 17
  • Article   17-25 Miscellaneous provisions 17
  • Section   G Enforcement of intellectual property rights 17
  • Article   17-26 General provisions 17
  • Article   17-27 Specific procedural aspects and resources in civil and administrative proceedings 17
  • Article   17-28 Precautionary measures 18
  • Article   17-29 Criminal procedures and penalties 18
  • Article   17-30 Protection of intellectual property rights at the border 18
  • Article   17-31 Protection of programme-carrying satellite signals. 18
  • Section   H Technical cooperation 18
  • Article   17-32 Technical cooperation 18
  • Annex to Article 17-03  Conventions on intellectual property 18
  • Annex to Article 17-04  Plant varieties 18
  • Annex to Article 17-27  Enforcement of intellectual property rights 18
  • Annex to Article 17-30  Enforcement of intellectual property rights at the border 18
  • Annex to Article 17-32  Technical cooperation 18
  • Chapter   XVIII Transparency 18
  • Article   18-01 Information Centre 18
  • Article   18-02 Publication 18
  • Article   18-03 Notification and provision of information 18
  • Article   18-04 Guarantees of hearing, legality and due process of law 18
  • Chapter   XIX Administration of the Treaty 18
  • Article   19-01 Commission 18
  • Article   19-02 Secretariat 18
  • Annex to Article 19-01  Commission officials administering officials 18
  • Annex to Article 19-02  Remuneration and payment of expenses 19
  • Chapter   XX Settlement of disputes 19
  • Article   20-01 Cooperation 19
  • Article   20-02 Scope of application 19
  • Article   20-03 Dispute settlement under the provisions of the WTO Agreement 19
  • Article   20-04 Perishable goods 19
  • Article   20-05 Consultations 19
  • Article   20-06 Intervention of the Commission, good offices, mediation and conciliation. 19
  • Article   20-07 Request for the integration of the arbitral tribunal 19
  • Article   20-08 List of arbitrators 19
  • Article   20-09 Qualities of the arbitrators 19
  • Article   20-10 Establishment of the arbitral tribunal. 19
  • Article   20-11 Model rules of procedure 19
  • Article   20-12 Role of experts 19
  • Article   20-13 Preliminary decision 19
  • Article   20-14 Final decision 19
  • Article   20-15 Implementation of the final decision 19
  • Article   20-16 Non-implementation - suspension of benefits 19
  • Article   20-17 Proceedings before internal judicial and administrative authorities 19
  • Article   20-18 Alternative means of dispute settlement 19
  • Annex to Article 20-02  Nullification and impairment 19
  • Chapter   XXI Exceptions 19
  • Article   21-01 General exceptions 19
  • Article   21-02 National security 19
  • Article   21-03 Exceptions to disclosure of information 19
  • Chapter   XXII Final provisions 19
  • Article   22-01 Annexes 19
  • Article   22-02 Amendments 19
  • Article   22-03 Entry Into Force 20
  • Article   22-04 Reservations 20
  • Article   22-05 Accession 20
  • Article   22-06 Denunciation 20
  • Article   22-07 Review of the Treaty 20