Canada - Panama FTA (2010)
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(ii) public debt management;

(g) the hiring of a government employee or related employment measure;

(h) a procurement made by an entity or state enterprise from another entity or state enterprise of that Party; or

(i) a purchase made under exceptionally advantageous conditions that only arise in the very short term in the case of an unusual disposal such as one arising from liquidation, receivership or bankruptcy, but not for a routine purchase from a regular supplier.

3. Nothing in this Chapter prevents a Party from developing new procurement policies, procedures or contractual means, provided they are not inconsistent with this Chapter.

4. If a procuring entity awards a contract that is not covered by this Chapter, this Chapter does not cover a good or service component of that contract.

Valuation

5. In estimating the value of a procurement for the purpose of ascertaining whether it is a procurement covered by this Chapter, a procuring entity:

(a) shall not divide a procurement into separate procurements or select or use a particular valuation method for estimating the value of a procurement with the intention of totally or partially excluding it from the application of this Chapter;

(b) shall include the estimated maximum total value of the procurement over its entire duration, whether awarded to one or more suppliers, taking into account all forms of remuneration, including:

(i) premiums, fees, commissions and interest, and

(ii) the estimated maximum total value of the procurement, inclusive of optional purchases, if the procurement provides for the possibility of option clauses; and

(c) shall base its calculation of the total maximum value of the procurement over its entire duration, if the procurement is to be conducted in multiple parts, with contracts to be awarded at the same time or over a given period to one or more suppliers.

Article 16.03. Security and General Exceptions

1. Nothing in this Chapter prevents a Party from taking action or not disclosing information that it considers necessary for the protection of its essential security interests relating to procurement:

(a) of arms, ammunition or war materials;

(b) indispensable for national security; or

(c) for national defence purposes.

2. Provided that a measure is not applied in a manner that would constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination between Parties if the same conditions prevail or a disguised restriction on trade between the Parties, nothing in this Chapter prevents a Party from adopting or maintaining a measure:

(a) necessary to protect public morals, order or safety;

(b) necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health;

(c) necessary to protect intellectual property; or

(d) relating to goods or services of persons with disabilities, philanthropic institutions or prison labour.

3. The Parties understand that paragraph 2(b) includes an environmental measure necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health.

Article 16.04. General Principles

National Treatment and Non-Discrimination

1. With respect to a measure relating to procurement covered by this Chapter, each Party shall accord immediately and unconditionally to a good or service of the other Party, and to a supplier of the other Party of such good or service, treatment no less favourable than the most favourable treatment the Party accords to a domestic good, service or supplier.

2. With respect to a measure relating to procurement covered by this Chapter, a Party shall not:

(a) treat a locally established supplier less favourably than another locally established supplier on the basis of the degree of foreign affiliation or ownership; or

(b) discriminate against a locally established supplier on the basis that the good or service offered by that supplier for a particular procurement is a good or service of the other Party.

Conduct of Procurement

3. A procuring entity shall conduct procurement covered by this Chapter in a transparent and impartial manner that:

(a) is consistent with this Chapter;

(b) avoids conflicts of interest; and

(c) prevents corrupt practices.

Tendering Procedures

4. A procuring entity shall use open tendering except where Articles 16.07(6) through 16.07(9) or Article 16.10 apply.

Rules of Origin

5. With regard to the procurement of a good covered by this Chapter, each Party shall apply the rules of origin that it applies to that good in the normal course of trade.

Offsets

6. A Party, including its procuring entities, shall not seek, take account of, impose or enforce offsets at any stage of a procurement covered by this Chapter.

Measures Not Specific to Procurement

7. Paragraphs 1 and 2 do not apply to:

(a) a customs duty or other charge referred to in paragraphs (a) through (d) of the definition of "customs duty" in Article 1.01, or the method of levying that duty or charge;

(b) another import regulation or formality; or

(c) a measure affecting trade in a service, other than a measure governing procurement covered by this Chapter.

Article 16.05. Publication of Procurement Information

1. Each Party shall:

(a) promptly publish a law, regulation, judicial decision, administrative ruling of general application, and procedure regarding procurement covered by this Chapter, and a modification of those measures, in an officially designated electronic or paper medium that is widely disseminated and remains readily accessible to the public; and

(b) on request of the other Party, provide it with an explanation of a measure that must be published under paragraph (a).

2. Article 20.02 (Transparency - Publication) does not apply to a measure that must be published under paragraph (a).

Article 16.06. Publication of Notices

Notice of Intended Procurement

1. For each procurement covered by this Chapter, a procuring entity shall publish a notice inviting suppliers to submit tenders, or a notice inviting applications to participate in the procurement. The procuring entity shall publish that notice in an electronic or paper medium that is widely disseminated and readily accessible to the public for the entire period established for tendering. Each Party shall maintain a gateway electronic site that includes links to all notices of procuring entities for procurements covered by this Chapter.

2. Each notice of intended procurement must include:

(a) a description of the procurement, including the nature and, if known, the quantity of the good or service to be procured;

(b) the procurement method that will be used and whether it will involve negotiation or electronic auction;

(c) a list of conditions for participation of suppliers;

(d) the name and address of the procuring entity and other information necessary to contact the procuring entity and obtain relevant documents relating to the procurement as well as their cost and terms of payment, if applicable;

(e) the address and time limits for the submission of tenders or applications for participation;

(f) the time frame for delivery of the good or service to be procured or the duration of the contract;

(g) if, under Article 16.07, a procuring entity intends to select a limited number of qualified suppliers to be invited to tender, the criteria that will be used to select them and, where applicable, any limitation on the number of suppliers that will be permitted to tender; and

(h) an indication that the procurement is covered by this Chapter.

Notice of Planned Procurement

3. The Parties shall encourage procuring entities to publish as early as possible in each fiscal year notices regarding their respective procurement plans. These notices should include the subject matter of any planned procurement and the estimated date of the publication of the notice of intended procurement.

Article 16.07. Conditions for Participation

General Requirements

1. Where a procuring entity requires a supplier to satisfy a registration, qualification or other requirement or conditions for participation in a separate process in order to participate in a procurement covered by this Chapter, the procuring entity shall publish a notice inviting suppliers to apply for participation. The procuring entity shall publish the notice sufficiently in advance to provide interested suppliers time to prepare and submit applications and to provide the procuring entity with sufficient time to evaluate and make its determination based on those applications.

2. A procuring entity shall limit conditions for participation in a procurement covered by this Chapter to those that are essential to ensure that a supplier has the legal and financial capacity and the commercial and technical ability to undertake the relevant procurement.

3. In establishing the conditions for participation, a procuring entity:

(a) shall not impose the condition that, in order for a supplier to participate in a procurement, the supplier has previously been awarded a contract by a procuring entity of a Party; and

(b) may require relevant prior experience if essential to meet the requirements of the procurement.

4. In assessing whether a supplier satisfies the conditions for participation, a procuring entity shall:

(a) evaluate the financial capacity and the commercial and technical abilities of a supplier on the basis of that supplier's business activities inside and outside the territory of the Party of the procuring entity; and

(b) base its evaluation on the conditions that the procuring entity has specified in advance in its notices or tender documentation.

5. In assessing whether a supplier satisfies the conditions for participation, a procuring entity shall recognize as qualified all domestic suppliers and suppliers of the other Party that satisfy the conditions for participation.

Multi-use Lists

6. A procuring entity may establish or maintain a multi-use list of suppliers, provided that a notice inviting interested suppliers to apply for inclusion on the list is:

(a) published annually; and

(b) where published by electronic means, made available continuously.

7. The notice referred to in paragraph 6 must include:

(a) a description of the good or service, or category thereof, for which the list may be used;

(b) the conditions for participation to be satisfied by suppliers and the methods that the procuring entity will use to verify that a supplier satisfies those conditions;

(c) the name and address of the procuring entity and other information necessary to contact the procuring entity and to obtain relevant documents relating to the list;

(d) the period of validity of the list, the means for its renewal or termination, or, if the period of validity is not provided, an indication of the method by which notice will be given of the termination of the list; and

(e) an indication that the list may be used for procurement covered by this Chapter.

8. A procuring entity shall allow suppliers to apply at any time for inclusion on a multi-use list and shall include on the list all qualified suppliers within a reasonably short time.

Selective Tendering

9. If a procuring entity intends to use selective tendering, the procuring entity shall:

(a) publish a notice inviting suppliers to apply for participation in the procurement giving sufficient time for interested suppliers to prepare and submit applications and for the procuring entity to evaluate and make its determinations based on those applications; and

(b) allow all domestic suppliers and suppliers of the other Party that the entity has determined satisfy the conditions for participation to submit a tender, unless in the notice of intended procurement or, if publicly available, in the tender documentation, the procuring entity has stated a limitation on the number of suppliers that will be permitted to tender and the criteria for this limitation.

Information on Procuring Entity Decisions

10. A procuring entity shall promptly inform a supplier that submits an application for participation in a procurement or for inclusion on a multi-use list of the procuring entity's decision with respect to the application.

11. If a procuring entity:

(a) rejects a supplier's application for participation in a procurement or an application for inclusion on a multi-use list,

(b) ceases to recognize a supplier as qualified, or

(c) removes a supplier from a multi-use list,

the procuring entity shall promptly inform the supplier and, on request of the supplier, promptly provide the supplier with a written explanation of the reasons for its decision.

12. If there is supporting evidence, a procuring entity may exclude a supplier on grounds such as:

(a) bankruptcy;

(b) false declarations; or

(c) significant or persistent deficiencies in performance of a substantive requirement or of an obligation under a prior contract.

13. A procuring entity of a Party shall not adopt or maintain a registration system or qualification procedure with the purpose or the effect of creating an unnecessary obstacle to the participation of a supplier of the other Party in its procurement.

Article 16.08. Technical Specifications and Tender Documentation

Technical Specifications

1. A procuring entity shall not prepare, adopt, or apply a technical specification or prescribe a conformity assessment procedure with the purpose or the effect of creating an unnecessary obstacle to international trade between the Parties.

2. In prescribing the technical specifications for a good or service being procured, a procuring entity shall, where appropriate:

(a) specify the technical specification in terms of performance and functional requirements, rather than design or descriptive characteristics; and

(b) base the technical specification on an international standard, if it exists; otherwise, on a national technical regulation, recognized national standard or building code.

3. A procuring entity shall not prescribe a technical specification requiring or referring to a particular trademark or trade name, patent, copyright, design, type, specific origin, producer or supplier, unless there is no other sufficiently precise or intelligible way of describing the procurement requirement provided that, in those cases, the procuring entity includes words such as "or equivalent" in the tender documentation.

4. A procuring entity shall not seek or accept, in a manner that would have the effect of precluding competition, advice that may be used in the preparation or adoption of a technical specification for a specific procurement covered by this Chapter from a person that may have a commercial interest in the procurement.

5. A procuring entity may, in accordance with this Article, prepare, adopt or apply a technical specification to promote the conservation of natural resources or protect the environment.

Tender Documentation

6. A procuring entity shall make available to suppliers tender documentation that includes all information necessary to permit suppliers to prepare and submit responsive tenders. Unless already provided in the notice of intended procurement, that documentation shall include a complete description of:

(a) the procurement, including the nature and the quantity of the good or service to be procured or, if the quantity is not known, the estimated quantity and any requirements to be fulfilled, including any technical specification, conformity assessment certification, plan, drawing or instructional material;

(b) any condition for participation of a supplier, including a list of information and documents that suppliers are required to submit in connection with the conditions for participation;

(c) all evaluation criteria to be considered in the awarding of the contract, and the relative importance of that criteria, except where price is the sole criterion;

(d) where there will be a public opening of tenders, the date, time and place for the opening of tenders; and

(e) any other terms or conditions relevant to the evaluation of tenders.

7. A procuring entity shall promptly reply to a reasonable request for relevant information by a supplier participating in a procurement covered by this Chapter, except that the procuring entity shall not make available information with regard to a specific procurement in a manner that would give the requesting supplier an advantage over its competitors in the procurement.

Modifications

8. If, prior to the award of a contract, a procuring entity modifies the criteria or requirements set out in the notice of intended procurement or tender documentation provided to participating suppliers, or amends or reissues a notice or tender documentation, it shall transmit in writing that modified, amended or re-issued notice or tender documentation:

(a) to all suppliers that are participating in the procurement at the time of the modification, amendment or re-issuance, where those suppliers are known to the procuring entity, and, in all other cases, in the same manner as the original information was made available; and

(b) in adequate time to allow those suppliers to modify and submit amended tenders, as appropriate.

Article 16.09. Time Limits for the Submission of Tenders

1. A procuring entity shall provide suppliers sufficient time to submit applications to participate in a procurement covered by this Chapter and prepare and submit responsive tenders, taking into account the nature and complexity of the procurement.

Deadlines

2. Except as provided for in paragraphs 3 and 4, a procuring entity shall establish that the final date for the submission of tenders is not less than 40 days from the date on which:

(a) in the case of open tendering, the notice of intended procurement is published; or

(b) in the case of selective tendering, the procuring entity notifies suppliers that they will be invited to submit tenders, whether or not it uses a multi- use list.

3. A procuring entity may reduce by 5 days the time limit established under paragraph 2 for the submission of tenders, for each one of the following circumstances:

(a) the notice of intended procurement is published by electronic means;

(b) all the tender documentation is made available by electronic means from the date of the publication of the notice of intended procurement; and

(c) the procuring entity accepts tenders by electronic means.

4. A procuring entity may establish a time limit of less than 40 days for the submission of tenders provided that the time given to suppliers is sufficient to enable them to prepare and submit responsive tenders, but not less than 10 days before the final date for the submission of tenders, if:

(a) the procuring entity published a separate notice containing the information specified in Article 16.06(3) at least 40 days and not more than 12 months in advance, and such separate notice contains a description of the procurement, the relevant time limits for the submission of tenders, or, if applicable, applications for participation, and the address from which documents relating to the procurement may be obtained;

(b) there is a second or subsequent publication of notices for procurement of a recurring nature;

(c) the procuring entity procures a commercial good or service; or

(d) a state of urgency duly substantiated by the procuring entity renders impracticable the time limits specified in paragraph 2 or, if applicable, paragraph 3.

Article 16.10. Limited Tendering

1. Provided that a procuring entity does not use this provision to avoid competition among suppliers, to protect domestic suppliers, or in a manner that discriminates against suppliers of the other Party, the procuring entity may contact a supplier of its choice and may choose not to apply Articles 16.06, 16.07, 16.08, 16.09 and 16.11 only under the following circumstances, if:

(a) the requirements of the tender documentation are not substantially modified and:

(i) no tenders were submitted or no suppliers applied to participate in a procurement covered by this Chapter,

(ii) no tenders that conform to the essential requirements of the tender documentation were submitted,

(iii) no suppliers satisfied the conditions for participation, or

(iv) the tenders submitted have been collusive;

(b) the procurement can be carried out only by a particular supplier and a reasonable alternative or substitute does not exist because:

(i) the requirement is for a work of art,

(ii) a good or service being procured is protected by a patent, copyright or another exclusive right, or

(iii) of the absence of competition for technical reasons;

  • Chapter   One INITIAL PROVISIONS AND GENERAL DEFINITIONS 1
  • Section   A General Definitions 1
  • Article   1.01 Definitions of General Application 1
  • Article   1.02 Country-specific Definitions 1
  • Section   B Initial Provisions 1
  • Article   1.03 Establishment of the Free Trade Area 1
  • Article   1.04 Relation to other Agreements 1
  • Article   1.05 Extent of Obligations 1
  • Article   1.06 Relation to Environmental and Conservation Agreements 1
  • Article   1.07 Reference to other Agreements 1
  • Annex 1.06  Multilateral Environmental Agreements 1
  • Chapter   Two NATIONAL TREATMENT AND MARKET ACCESS FOR GOODS 1
  • Article   2.01 Definitions 1
  • Article   2.02 Scope of Application 1
  • Section   I National Treatment 1
  • Article   2.03 National Treatment 1
  • Section   II Tariffs 1
  • Article   2.04 Tariff Elimination 1
  • Article   2.05 Temporary Admission of Goods 1
  • Article   2.06 Duty-Free Entry of Certain Commercial Samples and Printed Advertising Material 2
  • Article   2.07 Good Re-Entered after Repair or Alteration 2
  • Section   III Non-Tariff Measures 2
  • Article   2.08 Import and Export Restrictions 2
  • Article   2.09 Distilled Spirits 2
  • Article   2.10 Export Taxes 2
  • Article   2.11 Customs User Fees and Similar Charges 2
  • Article   2.12 Customs Valuation 2
  • Section   IV Agriculture 2
  • Article   2.13 Agricultural Export Subsidies 2
  • Article   2.14 Domestic Support Measures for Agricultural Products 2
  • Article   2.15 State Trading Enterprises 2
  • Article   2.16 Tariff-Rate Quotas - Pork and Beef 2
  • Article   2.17 Administration and Implementation of Tariff-Rate Quotas 2
  • Article   2.18 Agricultural Safeguard Measures for Frozen Pork 2
  • Section   V Consultations 2
  • Article   2.19 Consultations and Committee on Trade In Goods and Rules of Origin 2
  • Chapter   Three RULES OF ORIGIN 2
  • Article   3.01 Definitions 2
  • Article   3.02 Originating Goods 3
  • Article   3.03 Certain Textile and Apparel Goods 3
  • Article   3.04 Value Test 3
  • Article   3.05 Accumulation 3
  • Article   3.06 De Minimis 3
  • Article   3.07 Fungible Materials and Goods 3
  • Article   3.08 Sets or Assortments of Goods 3
  • Article   3.09 Accessories, Spare Parts and Tools 3
  • Article   3.10 Indirect Materials 3
  • Article   3.11 Intermediate Materials Used In Production 3
  • Article   3.12 Packaging Materials and Containers for Retail Sale 3
  • Article   3.13 Packing Materials and Containers for Shipment 3
  • Article   3.14 Transit and Transshipment 3
  • Article   3.15 Interpretation and Application 3
  • Article   3.16 Consultation and Modifications 3
  • Chapter   Four CUSTOMS PROCEDURES 3
  • Article   4.01 Definitions 3
  • Section   I Certification of Origin 4
  • Article   4.02 Certificate of Origin 4
  • Article   4.03 Obligations Regarding Importations 4
  • Article   4.04 Exceptions 4
  • Article   4.05 Obligations Regarding Exportations 4
  • Section   II Administration and Enforcement 4
  • Article   4.06 Records 4
  • Article   4.07 Origin Verifications 4
  • Article   4.08 Confidentiality 4
  • Article   4.09 Penalties 4
  • Section   II Advance Rulings 4
  • Article   4.10 Advance Rulings 4
  • Section   IV Review and Appeal of Determinations of Origin and Advance Rulings 4
  • Article   4.11 Review and Appeal 4
  • Section   V Uniform Regulations 4
  • Article   4.12 Uniform Regulations 4
  • Section   VI Cooperation 4
  • Article   4.13 Cooperation 4
  • Article   4.14 Customs Procedures Sub-Committee 4
  • Chapter   Five TRADE FACILITATION 5
  • Article   5.01 Objectives and Principles 5
  • Article   5.02 Rights and Obligations 5
  • Article   5.03 Cooperation 5
  • Article   5.04 Future Work Program 5
  • Chapter   Six SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES 5
  • Article   6.01 Relation to other Agreements 5
  • Article   6.02 SPS Issue Avoidance and Resolution 5
  • Article   6.03 SPS Coordinators 5
  • Chapter   Seven TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE 5
  • Article   7.01 Definitions 5
  • Article   7.02 WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade 5
  • Article   7.03 Scope 5
  • Article   7.04 Joint Cooperation 5
  • Article   7.05 International Standards 5
  • Article   7.06 Transparency 5
  • Article   7.07 Contact Points 5
  • Chapter   Eight EMERGENCY ACTION 5
  • Article   8.01 Definitions 5
  • Article   8.02 Global Safeguard Measures 6
  • Article   8.03 Bilateral Emergency Actions 6
  • Article   8.04 Notification and Discussions 6
  • Article   8.05 Standards for Emergency Actions 6
  • Article   8.06 Administration of Emergency Action Proceedings 6
  • Chapter   Nine Investment 6
  • Section   A Definitions 6
  • Article   9.01 Definitions 6
  • Section   B Investment 6
  • Article   9.02 Scope of Application 6
  • Article   9.03 Relation to other Chapters 6
  • Article   9.04 National Treatment 6
  • Article   9.05 Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment 6
  • Article   9.06 Minimum Standard of Treatment 6
  • Article   9.07 Performance Requirements 6
  • Article   9.08 Senior Management and Boards of Directors 6
  • Article   9.09 Reservations and Exceptions 6
  • Article   9.10 Transfers 6
  • Article   9.11 Expropriation 7
  • Article   9.12 Compensation for Losses 7
  • Article   9.13 Transparency 7
  • Article   9.14 Subrogation 7
  • Article   9.15 Denial of Benefits 7
  • Article   9.16 Health, Safety and Environmental Measures 7
  • Article   9.17 Corporate Social Responsibility 7
  • Article   9.18 Special Formalities and Information Requirements 7
  • Section   C Settlement of Disputes between an Investor and the Host Party 7
  • Article   9.19 Purpose 7
  • Article   9.20 Claim by an Investor of a Party on Its Own Behalf 7
  • Article   9.21 Claim by an Investor of a Party on Behalf of an Enterprise 7
  • Article   9.22 Conditions Precedent to Submission of a Claim to Arbitration 7
  • Article   9.23 Submission of a Claim to Arbitration 7
  • Article   9.24 Consent to Arbitration 7
  • Article   9.25 Arbitrators 7
  • Article   9.26 Agreement to Appointment of Arbitrators 7
  • Article   9.27 Consolidation 7
  • Article   9.28 Documents To, and Participation Of, the other Party 7
  • Article   9.29 Place of Arbitration 7
  • Article   9.30 Public Access to Hearings and Documents 7
  • Article   9.31 Submissions by a Non-Disputing Party 8
  • Article   9.32 Governing Law 8
  • Article   9.33 Expert Reports 8
  • Article   9.34 Interim Measures of Protection and Final Award 8
  • Article   9.35 Finality and Enforcement of an Award 8
  • Article   9.36 Receipts Under Insurance or Guarantee Contracts 8
  • Article   9.37 Exclusions 8
  • Article   9.38 Suspension of other Agreements 8
  • Annex 9.11  Expropriation 8
  • Annex 9.31  Submissions by a Non-Disputing Party 8
  • Annex 9.37  Exclusions 8
  • Chapter   Ten CROSS-BORDER TRADE IN SERVICES 8
  • Article   10.01 Definitions 8
  • Article   10.02 Scope of Application 8
  • Article   10.03 National Treatment 8
  • Article   10.04 Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment 8
  • Article   10.05 Market Access 8
  • Article   10.06 Local Presence 8
  • Article   10.07 Reservations 8
  • Article   10.08 Domestic Regulation 8
  • Article   10.09 Recognition 8
  • Article   10.10 Denial of Benefits 8
  • Article   10.11 Transfers and Payments 8
  • Chapter   Eleven TELECOMMUNICATIONS 8
  • Article   11.01 Definitions 9
  • Article   11.02 Scope of Application 9
  • Article   11.03 Access to and Use of Public Telecommunications Transport Networks or Services 9
  • Article   11.04 Procedures for Licences or Concessions 9
  • Article   11.05 Conduct of Major Suppliers 9
  • Article   11.06 Universal Service 9
  • Article   11.07 Allocation and Use of Scarce Resources 9
  • Article   11.08 Regulatory Body 9
  • Article   11.09 Enforcement 9
  • Article   11.10 Resolution of Domestic Telecommunication Disputes 9
  • Article   11.11 Transparency 9
  • Article   11.12 Forbearance 9
  • Article   11.13 Relation to other Chapters 9
  • Article   11.14 International Standards and Organizations 9
  • Chapter   Twelve FINANCIAL SERVICES 9
  • Article   12.01 Definitions 9
  • Article   12.02 Scope of Application 10
  • Article   12.03 National Treatment 10
  • Article   12.04 Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment 10
  • Article   12.05 Right of Establishment 10
  • Article   12.06 Cross-Border Trade 10
  • Article   12.07 New Financial Services 10
  • Article   12.08 Treatment of Certain Information 10
  • Article   12.09 Senior Management and Boards of Directors 10
  • Article   12.10 Non-Conforming Measures 10
  • Article   12.11 Exceptions 10
  • Article   12.12 Transparency 10
  • Article   12.13 Self-Regulatory Organizations 10
  • Article   12.14 Payment and Clearing Systems 10
  • Article   12.15 Financial Services Committee 10
  • Article   12.16 Consultations 10
  • Article   12.17 Dispute Settlement 10
  • Article   12.18 Investment Disputes In Financial Services 10
  • Chapter   Thirteen TEMPORARY ENTRY FOR BUSINESS PERSONS 10
  • Article   13.01 Definitions 10
  • Article   13.02 General Principles 11
  • Article   13.03 General Obligations 11
  • Article   13.04 Grant of Temporary Entry 11
  • Article   13.05 Provision of Information 11
  • Article   13.06 Contact Points 11
  • Article   13.07 Dispute Settlement 11
  • Article   13.08 Relation to other Chapters 11
  • Chapter   Fourteen COMPETITION POLICY, MONOPOLIES AND STATE ENTERPRISES 11
  • Article   14.01 Definitions 11
  • Article   14.02 Competition Policy 11
  • Article   14.03 Designated Monopolies 11
  • Article   14.04 State Enterprises 11
  • Article   14.05 Dispute Settlement 11
  • Chapter   Fifteen ELECTRONIC COMMERCE 11
  • Article   15.01 Definitions 11
  • Article   15.02 Scope and Coverage 11
  • Article   15.03 General Provisions 11
  • Article   15.04 Customs Duties on Digital Products Delivered Electronically 11
  • Article   15.05 Relation to other Chapters 11
  • Chapter   Sixteen GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT 11
  • Article   16.01 Definitions 11
  • Article   16.02 Scope and Coverage 11
  • Article   16.03 Security and General Exceptions 12
  • Article   16.04 General Principles 12
  • Article   16.05 Publication of Procurement Information 12
  • Article   16.06 Publication of Notices 12
  • Article   16.07 Conditions for Participation 12
  • Article   16.08 Technical Specifications and Tender Documentation 12
  • Article   16.09 Time Limits for the Submission of Tenders 12
  • Article   16.10 Limited Tendering 12
  • Article   16.11 Treatment of Tenders and Awarding of Contracts 13
  • Article   16.12 Disclosure of Information 13
  • Article   16.13 Domestic Review Procedures 13
  • Article   16.14 Modifications and Rectifications to Coverage 13
  • Article   16.15 Committee on Procurement 13
  • Article   16.16 Further Negotiations 13
  • Article   16.17 Information Technology 13
  • Chapter   Seventeen ENVIRONMENT 13
  • Article   17.01 Affirmations 13
  • Article   17.02 Agreement on the Environment 13
  • Article   17.03 Relationship between this Agreement and the Agreement on the Environment 13
  • Chapter   Eighteen LABOUR 13
  • Article   18.01 Affirmations 13
  • Article   18.02 Objectives 13
  • Article   18.03 Obligations 13
  • Article   18.04 Cooperative Activities 13
  • Chapter   Nineteen TRADE-RELATED COOPERATION 13
  • Article   19.01 Objectives 13
  • Article   19.02 Contact Points 13
  • Chapter   Twenty TRANSPARENCY 13
  • Section   A Publication, Notification and Administration of Laws 13
  • Article   20.01 Definitions 13
  • Article   20.02 Publication 13
  • Article   20.03 Notification and Provision of Information 14
  • Article   20.04 Administrative Proceedings 14
  • Article   20.05 Review and Appeal 14
  • Article   20.06 Cooperation to Promote Increased Transparency 14
  • Section   B Anti-Corruption 14
  • Article   20.07 Definitions 14
  • Article   20.08 Statement of Principles 14
  • Article   20.09 Anti-corruption Measures 14
  • Article   20.10 Cooperation In International Fora 14
  • Chapter   Twenty-One ADMINISTRATION OF THE AGREEMENT 14
  • Article   21.01 The Joint Commission 14
  • Article   21.02 Agreement Coordinators 14
  • Annex 21.01  Committees and Subcommittees, Country Coordinators and Contact Points 14
  • Chapter   Twenty-Two DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 14
  • Article   22.01 Definitions 14
  • Article   22.02 Cooperation 14
  • Article   22.03 Scope and Coverage 14
  • Article   22.04 Choice of Forum 14
  • Article   22.05 Consultation 14
  • Article   22.06 Good Offices, Conciliation and Mediation 14
  • Article   22.07 Establishment of a Panel 14
  • Article   22.08 Panel Selection 14
  • Article   22.09 Qualifications of Panellists 14
  • Article   22.10 Rules of Procedure 14
  • Article   22.11 Panel Reports 15
  • Article   22.12 Implementation of the Final Report 15
  • Article   22.13 Non-Implementation - Suspension of Benefits 15
  • Article   22.14 Review of Compliance and Suspension of Benefits 15
  • Article   22.15 Referrals of Matters from Judicial or Administrative Proceedings 15
  • Article   22.16 Private Rights 15
  • Article   22.17 Alternative Dispute Resolution 15
  • Annex 22.03  Nullification or Impairment 15
  • Annex 22.10  Rules of Procedure 15
  • Chapter   Twenty-Three EXCEPTIONS 15
  • Article   23.01 Definitions 15
  • Article   23.02 General Exceptions 15
  • Article   23.03 National Security 16
  • Article   23.04 Taxation 16
  • Article   23.05 Disclosure of Information 16
  • Article   23.06 Cultural Industries 16
  • Article   23.07 World Trade Organization Waivers 16
  • Chapter   Twenty-Four FINAL PROVISIONS 16
  • Article   24.01 Annexes, Appendices and Footnotes 16
  • Article   24.02 Amendments 16
  • Article   24.03 Reservations and Unilateral Declarations 16
  • Article   24.04 Entry Into Force 16
  • Article   24.05 Termination 16
  • Article   24.06 Accession 16
  • Annex I  Reservations for existing measures 16
  • Annex I  Schedule of Canada 16
  • Annex I  Schedule of Panama 20
  • Annex II  Reservations for Future Measures 23
  • Annex II  Schedule of Canada 23
  • Annex II  Schedule of Panama 25