Article 77. Energy
1. Cooperation shall take place within the framework of the principles of the market economy and develop against a background of progressive integration of the energy markets in Europe.
2. Cooperation shall focus on the following in particular:
- modernization of infrastructure,
- improvement and diversification of supply,
- formulation and planning of energy policy,
- management and training for the energy sector,
- the development of energy resources,
- the promotion of energy saving and energy efficiency,
- the environmental impact of energy production and consumption,
- the nuclear energy sector,
- the electricity, oil and gas sectors, including consideration of the possibility of interconnection of European supply networks,
- the formulation of framework conditions for cooperation between undertakings in this sector,
- the transfer of technology and know-how,
- opening up the energy market to a greater degree; facilitating transit of gas and electricity.
Article 78. Nuclear Safety
1. Cooperation shall primarily aim at providing for a safer use of nuclear energy.
2. Cooperation shall mainly cover the following topics:
- nuclear safety, nuclear emergency preparedness and accident management,
- radiation protection, including environmental radiation monitoring,
- fuel cycle problems, safeguarding of nuclear materials,
- radioactive waste management,
- decommissioning and dismantling of nuclear installations,
- decontamination.
3. Cooperation will include exchange of information and experience and R& D activities in accordance with Article 74.
Article 79. Environment
1. The Parties shall develop and strengthen their cooperation in the vital task of combating the deterioration of the environment, which they have judged to be a priority.
2. Cooperation shall centre on:
- effective monitoring of pollution levels,
- combating local, regional and transboundary air and water pollution,
- efficient energy production and consumption, safety of industrial plants,
- classification and safe handling of chemicals,
- water quality, particularly of cross-boundary waterways,
- waste reduction, recycling and safe disposal; implementation of the Basle Convention,
- the environmental impact of agriculture; soil erosion; the protection of forests and flora and fauna,
- land-use planning, including construction and urban planning,
- use of economic and fiscal instruments,
- global climate change,
- rehabilitation of environmentally heavily loaded industrial areas,
- protecting human health against environmental hazards.
3. To these ends, the Parties plan to cooperate in the following areas:
- transfer of technology and know-how,
- exchange of information and experts, including information and experts dealing with the transfer of clean technologies,
- training programmes,
- approximation of laws (Community standards),
- cooperation at regional level (including cooperation within the framework of the European Environment Agency, when established by the Community) and international level,
- development of strategies, particularly with regard to global and climatic issues,
- improvement of the environmental management, inter alia water management
Article 80. Water Management
The Parties shall develop cooperation in various fields of water management with special regard to:
- environment-friendly utilization of the water of trans-boundary watershed and cross-boundary rivers and lakes,
- harmonization of regulations concerning water management, and means of technical water regulation (directives, limits, standards, normatives, logistics),
- modernization of research and development (R& D) and scientific basis of water management.
Article 81. Transport
1. The Parties shall develop and step up cooperation in order to enable Hungary to:
- restructure and modernize transport,
- improve the movement of passengers and goods and access to the transport market by removing administrative, technical and other obstacles,
- facilitate Community transit in Hungary by road, rail, river and combined transport,
- achieve operating standards comparable to those in the Community.
2. Cooperation shall include the following in particular:
- economic, legal and technical training programmes,
- the provision of technical assistance and advice, and the exchange of information (conferences and seminars),
- the provision of means to develop infrastructure in Hungary.
3. Priority areas shall be the following:
- the construction and modernization, on major routes of common interest and trans-European links, of road, inland waterway, railway, port and airport infrastructure,
- the management of railways and airports, including cooperation between the appropriate national authorities,
- land-use planning including construction and urban planning,
- the upgrading of technical equipment to meet Community standards, particularly in the fields of road-rail transport, containerization and transhipment,
- contributing to developing transport policies compatible with the transport policies applicable in the Community.
Article 82. Telecommunications, Postal Services and Broadcasting
1. The Parties shall expand and strengthen cooperation in this area, and shall to this end initiate in particular the following actions:
- exchange information on communications policies,
- exchange technical and other information and organize seminars, workshops and conferences for experts of both sides,
- conduct training and advisory operations,
- carry out transfers of technology,
- have the appropriate bodies from both sides carry out joint projects,
- promote European standards, systems of certification and regulatory approaches,
- promote new communications, services and facilities, particularly those with commercial applications.
2. These activities shall focus on the following priority areas:
- the modernization of Hungary's telecommunications network and its integration into European and world networks,
- cooperation within the structures of European standardization,
- the integration of trans-European systems; the legal and regulatory aspects of telecommunications,
- the modernization of Hungary's postal and broadcasting services, including the legal and regulatory aspects,
- the management of telecommunications, postal and broadcasting services, in the new economic environment: organizational structures, strategy and planning, purchasing principles,
- land-use planning, including construction and urban planning.
Article 83. Banking, Insurance and other Financial Services
1. The Parties shall cooperate with the aim of developing the banking, insurance and financial services sector in Hungary.
2. The cooperation shall focus on:
- the harmonization of the accounting system in Hungary with European standards,
- the harmonization of the supervision and regulation system of the banking and financial services,
- the preparation of translations of Community and Hungarian legislation,
- the preparation of glossaries of terminology,
- the exchange of information in particular in respect of proposed legislation,
- providing literature and supporting the setting up of an information and documentation centre in Hungary for the financial sector.
3. To this end, the cooperation shall include the provision of technical assistance and training. Inter alia the Community shall provide short term and long term on the job programmes in Community financial institutions and regulatory agencies.
Article 84. Monetary Policy
At the request of the Hungarian authorities, the Community shall provide technical assistance designed to support the efforts of Hungary towards the introduction of full convertibility of the Forint and the gradual approximation of its policies to those of the European Monetary System. This will include informal exchange of information concerning the principles and the functioning of the European Monetary System.
Article 85. Audit and Financial Control Cooperation
1. The Parties shall cooperate with the aim to developing efficient financial control and audit systems in the Hungarian administration following standard Community methods and proceedings.
2. Cooperation shall focus on:
- the exchange of relevant information on audit systems,
- the unification of audit documentation,
- training and advisors operations.
3. To this end, technical assistance shall be provided by the Community as appropriate.
Article 86. Money Laundering
1. The Parties agree on the necessity of making every effort and cooperating in order to prevent the use of their financial systems for laundering of proceeds from criminal activities in general and drug offences in particular.
2. Cooperation in this area shall include administrative and technical assistance with the purpose of establishing suitable standards against money laundering equivalent to those adopted by the Community and international fora in this field, in particular the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).
Article 87. Regional Development
1. The Parties shall strengthen cooperation between them on regional development and land-use planning.
2. To this end, any of the following measures are planned:
- the exchange of information by national authorities on regional and land-use planning policy, and, where appropriate, the provision of assistance to Hungary for the formulation of such policy,
- joint action by regional and local authorities in the area of economic development,
- exchange visits to explore the opportunities for cooperation and assistance,
- the exchange of civil servants,
- the provision of technical assistance with special attention to the development of disadvantaged areas,
- the establishment of programmes for the exchange of information and experience, by methods including seminars.
Article 88. Social Cooperation
The Contracting Parties, recognizing the close link between economic and social development, will cooperate in various fields of social security and health, especially with the aim of:
- improving the level of protection of the health and safety of workers, taking as a reference the level of protection existing in the Community,
- upgrading job-finding, vocational training and careers-advice services in Hungary, providing back-up measures and promoting local development to assist industrial restructuring,
- adapting the Hungarian social security system to the new economic and social situation.
Cooperation shall comprise the following in particular:
- the provision of technical assistance,
- the exchange of experts,
- cooperation between firms,
- information and training operations.
Article 89. Tourism
The Parties shall step up and develop cooperation between them, in particular by:
- facilitating the tourist trade, with special emphasis on the tourism of young people,
- stepping up the flow of information through international networks, data banks, etc.,
- transferring know-how through training, exchanges, seminars,
- Hungary's participation in relevant European tourism organizations,
- joint operations such as cross-frontier projects, town-twinning, etc.,
- harmonization of the statistical systems and the rules regarding tourism.
Article 90. Small and Medium-sized Enterprises
1. The Parties shall aim to develop and strengthen small and medium-sized enterprises and cooperation between SMEs in the Community and Hungary.
2. They shall encourage the exchange of information and know-how in the following areas:
- improving, where appropriate, the legal, administrative, technical, tax and financial conditions necessary for the development and expansion of SMEs and for cross-border cooperation,
- the provision of the specialized services required by SMEs (management training, accounting, marketing, quality control, etc.) and the strengthening of agencies providing such services,
- the establishment of appropriate links with Community operators with the aim of improving the flow of information to SMEs and promoting cross-border cooperation (e.g. the Business Cooperation Network (BC-NET), Euro-Info Centres, conferences, etc.).
Article 91. Information and Communication
1. With regard to information and communication, the Community and Hungary shall take appropriate steps to stimulate effective mutual exchange of information. Priority shall be given to programmes aimed at providing the general public with basic information about the Community and Hungary and specific circles in Hungary with more specialized information, including, where possible, access to Community data bases.
2. The Parties shall coordinate and, where appropriate, harmonize their policies regarding the regulation of cross-border broadcasts, technical standards and the promotion of European audiovisual technology.
3. Cooperation may include providing for exchange programmes, scholarships, training facilities for journalists and experts in the sectors of the media as appropriate.
Article 92. Customs
1. The aim of cooperation shall be to guarantee compliance with all the provisions scheduled for adoption in connection with trade and to achieve the approximation of Hungary's customs system to that of the Community, thus helping to ease the steps towards liberalization planned under this Agreement.
2. Cooperation shall include the following in particular:
- the exchange of information,
- the organization of seminars and placements,
- the development of cross-frontier infrastructure between the Parties,