New Zealand - United Arab Emirates CEPA (2025) - Electronic Database of Investment Treaties (EDIT)

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(3) For greater certainty, the term "voting power" includes the power to control the composition of 25 per cent or more of the governing body of the New Zealand entity.

Sector or Sub-sector	Limitations on Market Access	Limitations on National Treatment	Additional Commitments
		(b) commencement of business operations or acquisition of an existing business by non- government sources, including business assets, in New Zealand, where the total expenditures to be incurred in setting up or acquiring that business or those assets exceed NZ$200 million; (c) acquisition or control by government sources of 25 per cent or more of any class of shares (4) or voting power (5) in a New Zealand entity where either the consideration for the transfer or the value of the assets exceeds NZ$100 million; and (d) commencement of business operations or acquisition of an existing business by government sources, including business assets, in New Zealand, where the total expenditures to be incurred in setting up or acquiring that business or those assets exceed NZ$100 million.Consent is required, regardless of the dollar value of the investment, for acquisition or control of certain classes of land that are regarded as sensitive or require specific approval according to New Zealand’s overseas investment regime. Consent is required, regardless of the dollar value of the investment, for any transaction that would result in an overseas investment in fishing quota.Unbound for enterprises currently in State ownership.
	(4) Unbound except for measures concerning the entry and temporary stay of natural persons of another Member, employed by a service supplier of another Member that supplies services within New Zealand through a commercial presence, falling within the following categories: Business Visitors. Definition: A natural person of a Party whose remuneration and financial support is derived entirely from sources outside New Zealand and is seeking temporary entry to I for business purposes, such as: (i) for the purpose of negotiating and concluding the sale of goods or services but is not engaged in making direct sales to the general public or in supplying goods or services themselves; or (ii) as an investor, or duly authorised representative of an investor, for the purpose of establishing, expanding, monitoring, or disposing of an investment, but not with the intention of establishing or operating any business on the business visitor’s own account. Conditions (including duration of stay): Entry for a period not exceeding in aggregate three months in any calendar year. Intra-corporate transferees. Definition: An executive, manager or a specialist: (a) who is an employee of a goods supplier, service supplier or investor of a Party with a commercial presence in New Zealand; and (b) whose salary and any related payments are paid entirely by the service supplier or enterprise that employs the intra-corporate transferee. Executives.Definition: A natural person of a Party who primarily directs the management of an enterprise, exercises wide latitude in decision making and receives only general supervision or direction from higher level executives, the board of directors or stockholders of the enterprise. An executive would not directly perform tasks related to the actual provision of the service or the operation of the enterprise. Conditions (including duration of stay): Entry for a period of initial stay up to a maximum of three years for executives who have been employed by their employer for at least twelve months prior to their proposed transfer to New Zealand. Managers. Definition: A natural person who will be responsible for or directs the entire or a substantial part of the operations of the enterprise in New Zealand, receiving general supervision or direction principally from higher level executives, the board of directors or stockholders of the enterprise; supervising and controlling the work of other supervisory, professional or managerial employees; and having the authority to establish goals and policies of the entire or a substantial part of the operations of the enterprise. Conditions (including duration of stay): Entry for a period of initial stay up to a maximum of three years for managers who have been employed by their employer for at least twelve months prior to their proposed transfer to New Zealand. Specialists. Definition: A natural person with advanced trade, technical or professional skills within an organisation who possesses knowledge at an advanced level of technical expertise, and who possesses proprietary knowledge of the organisation’s service, research equipment, techniques or management. Such specialists are responsible for or employed in a particular aspect of an organisation’s operations in New Zealand. Skills are assessed in terms of the applicant’s employment experience, qualifications, and suitability for the position. Conditions (including duration of stay): Entry for a period of initial stay up to a maximum of three years for specialists who have been employed by their employer for at least twelve months prior to their proposed transfer to New Zealand. Installer or Servicer. Definition: A natural person of another Party who is an installer or servicer of machinery or equipment, where such installation or servicing by the supplying company is a condition of purchase of the said machinery or equipment. An installer or servicer cannot perform services which are not related to the service activity which is the subject of the contract. Conditions (including duration of stay): Entry for periods not exceeding three months in any 12-month period. Independent Service Supplier. Definition:A self-employed services supplier working on a contractual basis, without a requirement for commercial presence. In the following category only: Independent Professional. Definition: A self-employed natural person of another Party with advanced technical or professional skills, without the requirement for a commercial presence, working under a valid contract in New Zealand. An independent professional must also have: (i) a qualification resulting from three or more years of formal post- secondary school education leading to a recognised degree or diploma; and (ii) six or more years of experience. Both (i) and (ii) must be in the field in which the independent professional wishes to supply their professional services (6). Conditions (including duration of stay): In respect of the services sectors set out in New Zealand’s Schedule of Specific Commitments only and subject to economic needs tests, entry for a period of stay up to a maximum of 12 months.	(4) Unbound except for measures concerning the categories of natural persons referred to in the market access column.
	(1)(2)(3)(4) Unbound in cases of labour or management disputes, and also with respect to ships’ crews.
	(1)(2)(3)(4) Unbound with respect to all measures necessary to protect cultural heritage of national value; including ethnological, archaeological, historical, literary, artistic, scientific, or technological heritage, or measures necessary to support creative arts of national value. (7)
	(1)(2)(3)(4) Unbound with respect to all measures New Zealand deems necessary to protect or promote Māori rights, interests, duties and responsibilities in respect of trade enabled by electronic means, including in fulfilment of its obligations under Te Tiriti o Waitangi/The Treaty of Waitangi, provided that such measures are not used as a means of arbitrary or unjustified discrimination against persons of another Party or as a disguised restriction on trade in services and investment. The Parties agree that the interpretation of Te Tiriti o Waitangi/the Treaty of Waitangi, including as to the nature of the rights and obligations arising under it, shall not be subject to the dispute settlement provisions of this Agreement

(4) For greater certainty, the term "shares" includes shares and other types of securities.

(5) For greater certainty, the term "voting power" includes the power to control the composition of 25 per cent or more of the governing body of the New Zealand entity.

(6) These qualifications must be recognised by the appropriate New Zealand authority where under New Zealand law such recognition is a condition of the provision of that service in New Zealand.

(7) The term "creative arts" includes ngā toi Māori (Māori arts), the performing arts – including theatre, dance, and music, haka (traditional Māori posture dance), waiata (song or chant) – visual arts and craft – such as painting, sculpture, whakairo (carving), raranga (weaving), and tā moko (traditional Māori tattoo) – literature, language arts, creative online content, indigenous traditional practice and contemporary cultural expression, and digital interactive media and hybrid art work, including those that use new technologies to transcend discrete art form divisions. The term "creative arts" encompasses those activities involved in the presentation, execution and interpretation of the arts; and the study and technical development of these art forms and activities.

II. SECTOR SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS

(8) Examples of these services might include the provision of extension or remedial tuition in relation to Maths, Science or History.

Sector or Sub-sector	Limitations on Market Access	Limitations on National Treatment	Additional Comments
6. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES (9)
A. Waste water management: (i) consultancy relating to waste water management; (ii) for all other aspects of this service: those contracted by private industry only. (CPC 9401**)	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
B. Waste Management. Refuse disposal services: (i) consultancy relating to refuse disposal; (ii) for all other aspects of this service: those contracted by private industry only.(CPC 9402**)	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
C. Sanitation and similar services. (i) consultancy relating to sanitation and similar services; (ii) for all other aspects of this service: those contracted by private industry only.(CPC 9403**)	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
D. Protection of ambient air & climate. (i) consultancy relating to the protection of ambient air & climate; (ii) for all other aspects of this service: those contracted by private industry only. (CPC 9404**)	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
D. Remediation & clean-up of soil & water (i) consultancy relating to the remediation & clean-up of soil & water; (ii) for all other aspects of this service: those contracted by private industry only. (CPC 9406**)(10)	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
E. Noise & vibration abatement. (i) consultancy relating to noise &vibration abatement; (ii) for all other aspects of this service: those contracted by private industry only. (CPC 9405**)	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
F. Protection of biodiversity & landscape. (i) consultancy relating to protection of biodiversity & landscape; (ii) for all other aspects of this service: those contracted by private industry only. (CPC 9406**)(11)	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(1) None (2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
G. Other environmental & ancillary services. (i) consultancy relating to other environmental & ancillary services; (ii) for all other aspects of these service: those contracted by private industry only.(CPC 9409**)

(9) New Zealand’s commitments on environmental services exclude the collection, purification and distribution of water, including water for human use.

(10) New Zealand’s commitments under items 6.D and 6.F combine to cover the entirety of CPC 9406 services with respect to consultancy.

(11) New Zealand’s commitments under items 6.D and 6.F combine to cover the entirety of CPC 9406 services with respect to consultancy.

7. FINANCIAL SERVICES

1. New Zealand undertakes its specific commitments on Financial Services in accordance with the provisions of the WTO GATS "Understanding on Commitments in Financial Services" (the Understanding).

2. These commitments on financial services are subject to the general limitations contained in the "Horizontal Commitments" section of this Schedule.

3. Market access and national treatment commitments in Modes (1) and (2) are bound to the extent of the obligations in paragraphs B.3 and B.4 of the Understanding.

4. The admission to the market of new financial services or products may be subject to the existence of, and consistency with, a regulatory framework aimed at achieving the objectives indicated in Article 2(a) of the GATS Financial Services Annex.

5. Mode 3 commitments are subject to the provisions of the Financial Reporting Act 2013 and the Companies Act 1993. These require overseas companies to prepare financial statements on an annual basis comprising a balance sheet, a profit and loss statement and (if required by an applicable financial reporting standard approved by the Accounting Standards Review Board) a statement of cash flows. The Acts also require such financial statements in relation to an overseas company's New Zealand business. The Acts require the following companies to deliver annual audited financial statements to the Registrar of Companies for registration: (a) issuers (i.e. those which have raised investment from the public); (b) overseas companies; (c) subsidiaries of companies or bodies corporate incorporated outside New Zealand; (d) companies in which 25 per cent or more of the shares are held or controlled by:

(i) a subsidiary of a company of body corporate incorporated outside New Zealand or a subsidiary of that subsidiary;

(ii) a company or body corporate outside New Zealand; or

(iii) a person not ordinarily resident in New Zealand.

Sector or Sub-sector	Limitations on Market Access	Limitations on National Treatment	Additional Commitments
A. Insurance and Insurance-related Services
(a) Life insurance services (CPC 8121)	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
(b) Non-life insurance services (CPC 8129)	(1)(3) The Accident Compensation Act 2001 provides for compulsory workers' compensation insurance via levies on vehicle owners, employers, employees and the self-employed. The Act is administered by the Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC). (1)(3) The Natural Hazards Commission is the sole insurer of residential property disaster insurance for replacement cover up to NZ $150,000 per dwelling and NZ $20,000 on personal property. These amounts may be increased by regulation. (1)(2)(3) Unbound for marketing and sales related to products covered under CPC 01, 02, 211, 213-216, 22, 2399 and 261. (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
(c) Reinsurance and retrocession (CPC 81299)	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
(d) Insurance intermediation, such as brokerage and agency services (CPC 8140**)	(1)(3) The Accident Compensation Act 2001 provides for compulsory worker's compensation insurance via levies on vehicle owners, employers, employees and the self-employed. The Act is administered by the Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC). (1)(3) Under the Wheat Producers Levy Act 1987 (or regulations enacted under the Commodities Levy Act 1990), United Wheat growers (NZ) Ltd) has the power to organise compulsory disaster insurance on behalf of growers and to require them to pay a levy to recover the premium amount of this insurance. (1)(2)(3) Unbound for loss of products covered under CPC 01, 02, 211, 213-216, 22, 2399 and 261. (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
(e) Services Auxiliary to Insurance, such as consultancy, actuarial, risk assessment and claim settlement services (CPC 8140**)	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments
B. Banking and other Financial Services (excluding insurance) (12)
(a) Acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the public CPC 81115-81119) (b) Lending of all types, including consumer credit, mortgage, credit, factoring and financing of commercial transactions(CPC 8113) (c) Financial leasing (CPC 8112) (d) All payment and money transmission services, including credit, charge and debit cards, travellers cheques and bankers drafts (CPC 81339) (e) Guarantees and commitments (CPC 81199) (f) Trading for own account or for account of customers, whether on an exchange, in an over-the counter market or otherwise, the following: (i) money market instruments (cheques, bills, certificates of deposits etc) (CPC 81339) (ii) foreign exchange (CPC 81333) (iii) derivative products including, but not limited to, futures and options (CPC 81339) (iv) exchange rates and interest rate instruments, including products such as swaps, forward rate agreements etc (CPC 81339) (v) transferable securities (CPC 81321) (vi) other negotiable instruments and financial assets, including bullion (CPC 81339) (g) Participation in issues of all kinds of securities, including underwriting and placement as agent (whether publicly or privately) and provision of services related to such issues (CPC 8132) (h) Money broking (CPC 81339) (i) Asset management, such as cash or portfolio management; all forms of collective investment management, pension fund management, custodial, depository and trust services (CPC 8119, 81323) (j) Settlement and clearing services for financial assets, including securities, derivative products, and other negotiable instruments (CPC 81339, 81319*) (k) Provision and transfer of financial information, and financial data processing and related software by providers of other financial services (CPC 8131) (l) Advisory, intermediation, and other auxiliary financial services on all the activities listed in (a) to (k) above, including credit reference and analysis, investment and portfolio research and advice, advice on acquisitions and on corporate restructuring and strategy (CPC 8131, 8133)	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments	(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments

(12) As defined in paragraph 5 (a) (v)-(xvi) of the WTO GATS Financial Services Annex.

(13) Customs Clearance Services: activities consisting of carrying out on behalf of another party customs formalities concerning the import, export or through transport of cargoes, whether this service is the main activity of the service provider or a usual complement of its main activity.

(14) Maritime Cargo Handling Services: activities exercised by stevedoring companies, including terminal operators, but not including the direct activities of dockers when this workforce is organised independently of the stevedoring or terminal operator companies. The activities include the organisation and supervision of: (a) the loading/discharging of cargo to/from a ship; (b) the lashing/unlashing of cargo; and (c) the reception/delivery and safekeeping of cargoes before shipment or after discharge.

(15) As defined in paragraph 6 (a) of the GATS Annex on Air Transport Services.

(16) As defined in paragraph 6(b) of the GATS Annex on Air Transport Services.

(17) As defined in paragraph 6(c) of the GATS Annex on Air Transport Services.

(18) As defined in Article 1.

(19) As defined in Article 1.

(20) As defined in Article 1.

(21) For the purposes of this Agreement, airport management services refers to activities relating to the management oversight of the airport including but not limited to determining; landing charges, aircraft parking fees, terminal user charges.

ANNEX 9-D . UNITED ARAB EMIRATES – SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS

EXPLANATORY NOTE

1. This document sets out the United Arab Emirates (UAE)’s schedule of specific commitments under the Trade in Services Chapter of the UAE-New Zealand Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA). This introductory note should be regarded as forming an integral part of the UAE’s schedule.

2. The schedule has been prepared based on the Services Sectoral Classification List in document MTN.GNS/W/120. References to CPC codes refer to the CPC codes as used in the Provisional Central Product Classification (Statistical Papers Series M No. 77, Department of International Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office of the United Nations, New York, 1991) and are meant to define the scope of the commitments, unless otherwise stated.

3. The UAE recalls that, in the Terms of Reference for the UAE-New Zealand CEPA, the Parties committed to ensure substantial sectoral coverage and specific commitments in the Trade in Services chapter. The UAE’s schedule is in line with this commitment.

Sector or Subsector	Limitations on Market Access	Limitations on National Treatment	Additional comments
I. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS
ALL SECTORS AND SUB- SECTORS OF SERVICES INCLUDED IN THIS SCHEDULE (1)	3) Commercial presence will be through either: (i) a representative office or a branch with no limitations on the participation of foreign capital (foreign ownership of 100% is granted); or (ii) an incorporation as a company with maximum foreign equity as set out in the specific sectors below, which shall take any of the legal forms as allowed under UAE law. For some specific sectors and sub-sectors, commercial presence may be conditioned on benefits in the form of technology transfer, Research & Development programmes, technical assistance, and educational and training of local human resources. (iii) Free zones: 100% foreign ownership is permitted in Free Zones as set out in the specific sub-sectors below. 4) Unbound, except for measures concerning the entry or temporary stay of natural persons in the following categories. A. Business Visitors. A natural person who stays in the UAE, without acquiring remuneration from within the UAE and without engaging in making direct sales to the general public or supplying services, for the purposes of participating in business meetings, business contacts including negotiations for the sale of services and/or other similar activities including those to prepare for establishing a commercial presence in the UAE: Entry and stay for persons in this category shall not be for more than 90 days in any 12- month period. B. Intra-corporate Transferees. Intra-corporate transferees: managers, executives and specialists (as defined below) who have been in the employment of a juridical person of another Party outside the UAE, for a period of not less than one year prior to the date of application for entry into the UAE and are being transferred to a branch or affiliate in the UAE of the aforesaid juridical person. Entry will be subject to the following conditions: (i) The number of managers, executives and specialists shall be limited to 50% of the total number of managers, executives and specialists of each service supplier. (ii) Their entry shall be for a period of three years, subject to renewal for additional years. (iii) Their stay in the UAE will be subject to UAE labour and immigration laws. Definitions: Managers: persons within an organization who primarily direct the organization or a department or sub- division of the organization, supervise and control the work of other supervisory, professional or managerial employees, have the authority to hire or fire or recommend hiring, firing, or other personnel action (such as promotion or leave authorization), and exercise discretionary authority over day to day operations. Does not include first-line supervisor unless the employees supervised are professional. Does not include employees who primarily perform tasks necessary for the provision of the service. Executives: Persons within an organization, who primarily direct the management of the organization, establish the goals and policies of the organization, exercise wide latitude in decision-making, and receive only general supervision or direction from higher-level executives, the board of directors or stockholders of the business. Executives would not directly perform tasks related to the actual provision of service or services of the organization. Specialists: persons within an organization who possess knowledge at an advanced level of expertise and who possess proprietary knowledge of the organization’s services, research, equipment, techniques or management.	3) Acquisition of land and real estate is not permitted to foreigners or to companies in which foreign nationals have a shareholding. However, foreign companies authorized to carry on their activities in UAE may own land and real estate only to the extent necessary to conduct their activities as allowed and in accordance with laws and regulations governing ownership of real estate at the Federal and Emirate levels. (i) Government subsidized services may only be extended to UAE nationals. (ii) Foreign nationals or companies with foreign share holdings may be required to pay direct taxes on income derived from work or operations in the UAE, whereas local services suppliers or local UAE companies may not be required to pay similar taxes keeping in view the provisions of Article XIV, Paragraph (d) of GATS. 4) Unbound, except for measures concerning the categories of natural persons referred to in the market access column.	• The work right for the spouses of intra- corporate transferees is granted according to the UAE labour laws. • Transparency: all disciplines concerning labour, residency and work permits laws are publicly available.

(1) This schedule does not include any commitments in energy and energy related services.

* The (*) indicates that the service specified is a component of a more aggregated CPC item specified elsewhere in this classification list.

(2) Broadcasting services” is defined as a radio communication service in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the general public, including sound transmissions, television transmissions or other types of transmissions. In the Telecommunications Law of the UAE, broadcasting is not part of basic telecommunication services.

5. EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
B. Secondary Education Services (CPC 922) C. Higher Education Services (CPC 923) D. Adult Education (CPC 924) E. Other Education Services (CPC 929): Excluding public education	1) None. 2) None. 3) None, except natural persons of New Zealand may be required to obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach; this may also be subject to the condition of suitability of school facilities and ensuring high quality level of education. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
6. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
A. Sewage services (CPC 9401) B. Refuse disposal services (CPC 9402) C. Sanitation and similar services (CPC 9403)	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
D. Other • Cleaning services for exhaust gases (CPC 94040)	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
• Treatment, remediation of contaminated/polluted soil and water (part of CPC 94060)	1) Unbound. 2) Unbound. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) Unbound. 2) Unbound. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
• Noise abatement services (CPC 9405) • Nature and landscape protection services (CPC 9406) • Other environmental protection services (CPC 9409	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

7. FINANCIAL SERVICES

Horizontal Commitments:

Commercial presence is allowed up to 100% foreign equity in Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) for the following activities: banking services (investment banking, corporate banking, and private banking); capital markets (equity, debt instruments, derivatives and commodity trading); asset management and fund registration; insurance and re-insurance; Islamic finance; business processing operations and ancillary services.

A. Insurance and insurance-related services

Horizontal Commitments:

General conditions:

• The absence of any limitation on the ability of a service consumer in UAE to purchase the service in the territory of New Zealand does not signify a commitment to allow a non-resident service supplier to solicit business or to conduct active marketing in the territory of the UAE.

• Commercial presence is subject to the provisions regarding the licensing and registration of foreign companies as contained in the UAE pertinent laws.

• Within the context of paragraph 2 (a) of the WTO Annex on Financial Services, the UAE shall not be prevented from taking measures for prudential reasons such as minimum capital requirement; minimum operating funds requirement and approval for business activities.

(3) For greater certainty “Direct Insurance” means: Life and health services (CPC 81211 and CPC 81212) (excluding pension fund management.) and Non-life insurance services (including accident insurance (CPC 8129).

(**) Indicates that the service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities covered by the CPC concordance.

(4) “Maritime cargo handling services” means activities exercised by stevedore companies, including terminal operators, but not including the direct activities of dockers, when this workforce is organised independently of the stevedoring or terminal operator companies. The activities covered include the organisation and supervision of: the loading/discharging of cargo to/from a ship; the lashing/unlashing of cargo; the reception/delivery and safekeeping of cargos before shipment or after discharge.

(5) “Container station and depot services” means activities consisting in storing containers, weather in port areas or inland, with a view to their stuffing/stripping, repairing and making them available for shipments.

(6) “Maritime agency services” means activities consisting in representing, within a given geographic area, as an agent the business interests of one or more shipping lines or shipping companies, for the following purposes: - marketing and sales of maritime transport and related services, from quotation to invoicing, and issuance of bills of lading on behalf of the companies, acquisition resale of the necessary related services, preparation of documentation, and provision of business information; - acting on behalf of the companies organizing the call of the ship or taking over cargoes when required.

(7) “Freight forwarding services” means the activity consisting of organizing and monitoring shipment operations on behalf of shippers, through the acquisition of transport and related services, preparation of documentation and provision of business information.

(8) Operations and functions maybe subject to specific services obligations set out by operators with concession from public authorities.

ANNEX 9-E . UAE MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT SECTORAL COVERAGE ANNEX

This Annex sets out the UAE’s commitments in accordance with Article 9.4(1) (Most- Favoured Nation Treatment).

I. Horizontal Limitations

1. The UAE reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure that accords more favourable treatment to any services and service suppliers under any bilateral or multilateral international agreement in force, or signed prior to, the date of entry into force of this Agreement. (1)

2. The UAE reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure that accords more favourable treatment to services and service suppliers of any GCC Member State under the GCC Economic Agreement.

3. The UAE reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure that accords more favourable treatment to services and service suppliers of a Member State of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area under the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA).

4. The UAE reserves the right to confer or accord advantages to adjacent countries in order to facilitate exchanges limited to contiguous frontier zones of services that are both locally produced and consumed.

5. The UAE reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to the supply of a service by the presence of natural persons, subject to the provisions of the Trade in Services Chapter.

6. The UAE reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure that accords more favourable treatment to any services and service suppliers under any bilateral or multilateral international agreement that enters in force or is signed after the date of entry into force of this Agreement, except in the sectors listed below, to the extent the sectors listed below are committed to under a Free Trade Agreement.

(1) For greater certainty, this right extends to any differential treatment accorded pursuant to a subsequent review or amendment of the relevant bilateral or multilateral international agreement.

II. MFN Sectoral Coverage

1. Business Services

A. Professional Services

a. Legal services (CPC 861) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

b. Accounting, auditing and book- keeping services (CPC 8621 & 8622) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

B. Computer and Related Services

a. Consultancy services related to the installation of computer hardware (CPC 841) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

b. Software implementation services (CPC 842) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

c. Data processing services (CPC 843) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

d. Data base services (CPC 844) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

e. Other computer services (CPC 849) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

C. Research and Development Services

a. R&D services on natural sciences (CPC 851) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

b. R&D services on social sciences and humanities (CPC 852) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

c. Interdisciplinary R&D services (CPC 853) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

F. Other Business Services

c. Management consulting services (CPC 8650) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

d. Services related to Management Consulting (CPC 8660) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

e. Technical testing and analysis services (CPC 8676) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

i. Services incidental to manufacturing (CPC 884+885, except for 88442) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

5. Education Services

D. Adult Education (CPC 924) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

7. Environmental Services

A. Sewage services (CPC 9401) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

B. Refuse disposal services (CPC 9402) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

C. Sanitation and similar services (CPC 9403) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

8. Health Services

A. Hospital Services (CPC 9311) Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN)

Chapter 10. DIGITAL TRADE

Article 10.1. Definitions

For purposes of this Chapter:

authentication means the process or act of verifying the identity of a party to an electronic communication or transaction and ensuring the origin and integrity of an electronic communication;

cryptography means the principles, means, or methods for the transformation of data in order to hide its information content, prevent its undetected modification or prevent its unauthorised use; and is limited to the transformation of information using one or more secret parameters, for example, crypto variables or associated key management;

cryptographic algorithm or cipher means a mathematical procedure or formula for combining a key with plaintext to create a ciphertext;

digital product means a computer programme, text, video, image, sound recording or other product that is digitally encoded, produced for commercial sale or distribution, and that can be transmitted electronically; (1) (2)

digital or electronic signature means data in digital or electronic form that is in, affixed to, or logically or cryptographically associated with date in electronic form that is used to identify or verify the signatory in relation to the data in electronic form and used by a signatory to agree on the date in electronic form to which it relates;

electronic invoicing or e-invoicing means the automated creation, exchange and processing of request for payments between suppliers and buyers using a structured digital format;

electronic transmission or transmitted electronically means a transmission made using any electromagnetic means, including by photonic means;

encryption means the conversion of data (plaintext) into a form that cannot be easily understood without subsequent re-conversion (ciphertext) through the use of a cryptographic algorithm;

key means a parameter used in conjunction with a cryptographic algorithm that determines its operation in such a way that an entity with knowledge of the key can reproduce or reverse the operation, while an entity without knowledge of the key cannot;

open data means non-proprietary information, including data, the central level of government of a Party elects to make freely available to the public;

personal data means any information, including data, about an identified or identifiable natural person; and

unsolicited commercial electronic message means an electronic message which is sent for commercial or marketing purposes to an electronic address, without the consent of the recipient or despite the explicit rejection of the recipient, through an Internet access service supplier or, to the extent provided for under the laws and regulations of each Party, other telecommunications service.

(1) For greater certainty, digital product does not include a digitised representation of a financial instrument, including money.

(2) The definition of digital product should not be understood to reflect a Partyâs view on whether trade in digital products through electronic transmission should be categorised as trade in services or trade in goods.

Article 10.2. Objectives

1, The Parties recognise the economic growth and opportunity that digital trade provides, the importance of avoiding barriers to its use and development, the importance of frameworks that promote consumer confidence in digital trade, the importance of open standards in enhancing interoperability of digital systems, the importance of the digital economy in promoting inclusive economic growth; the importance of promoting corporate social responsibility, cultural identity and diversity, environmental protection, gender equality, indigenous rights, inclusive trade, sustainable development and traditional knowledge, as well as the importance of preserving the right to regulate in the public interest, and the applicability of the principles of the WTO Agreements to measures affecting digital trade.

2. The Parties seek to foster an environment conducive to the further advancement of digital trade, including electronic commerce and the digital transformation of the global economy, by strengthening their bilateral relations on these matters.

Article 10.3. General Provisions

1. This Chapter shall apply to measures adopted or maintained by a Party that affect trade by electronic means.

2. This Chapter shall not apply:

(a) to government procurement;

(b) to a service supplied in the exercise of governmental authority;

(d) except for Article 10.16, to information held or processed by or on behalf of a Party, or measures related to such information, including measures related to its collection; and

(e) to measures adopted or maintained by New Zealand that it deems necessary to protect or promote Maori rights, interests, duties and responsibilities (3) in respect of matters covered by this Chapter, including in fulfilment of New Zealand's obligations under te Tiriti o Waitangi / the Treaty of Waitangi. Chapter 20 (Dispute Settlement) does not apply to the interpretation of te Tiriti o Waitangi / the Treaty of Waitangi, including as to the nature of the rights and obligations arising under it.

3. For greater certainty, the Parties affirm that measures affecting the supply of a service delivered or performed electronically are subject to the relevant provisions of Chapter 9 (Trade in Services) and its Annexes, including any exceptions or limitations set out in this Agreement that are applicable to such provisions.

(3) For greater certainty, Maori rights, interests, duties and responsibilities include those relating to matauranga Maori.

Article 10.4. Customs Duties

1. A Party shall not impose customs duties on electronic transmissions, including content transmitted electronically, between a person of a Party and a person of the other Party.

2. For greater certainty, paragraph 1 shall not preclude a Party from imposing internal taxes, fees or other charges on content transmitted electronically, provided that such taxes, fees or charges are imposed in a manner consistent with this Agreement.

Article 10.5. Non-Discriminatory Treatment of Digital Products

1. A Party shall not accord less favourable treatment to digital products created, produced, published, contracted for, commissioned or first made available on commercial terms in the territory of the other Party, or to digital products of which the author, performer, producer, developer or owner is a person of the other Party, than it accords to other like digital products (4).

2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply to the extent of any inconsistency with a Party's rights and obligations concerning intellectual property contained in Chapter 13 (Intellectual Property) or another international agreement a Party is party to.

3. The Parties understand that this Article does not apply to subsidies or grants provided by a Party, including government-supported loans, guarantees and insurance.

4. This Article shall not apply to broadcasting.

(4) For greater certainty, to the extent that a digital product of a non-Party is a "like digital product", it will qualify as an "other like digital product" for the purposes of this paragraph.

Article 10.6. Information and Communication Technology That Uses Cryptography

1, This Article shall apply to information and communication technology (ICT) products that use cryptography. (5)

(5) For greater certainty, for the purposes of this section, a “product” is a good and does not include a financial instrument.

2. With respect to a product that uses cryptography and is designed for commercial applications, no Party shall impose or maintain a technical regulation or conformity assessment procedure that requires a manufacturer or supplier of the product, as a condition of the manufacture, sale, distribution, import or use of the product, to:

(a) transfer or provide access to a particular technology, production process or other information, for example, a private key or other secret parameter, algorithm specification or other design detail, that is proprietary to the manufacturer or supplier and relates to the cryptography in the product, to the Party or a person in the Party's territory;

(b) partner with a person in its territory; or

(c) use or integrate a particular cryptographic algorithm or cipher, other than where the manufacture, sale, distribution, import or use of the product is by or for the government of the Party.

3. Paragraph 2 shall not apply to:

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Chapter 1 INITIAL PROVISIONS AND GENERAL DEFINITIONS 1

Article 1.1 Establishment of a Free Trade Area 1

Article 1.3 Relation to other Agreements 1

Article 1.4 Regional and Local Government 1

Article 1.5 Confidential Information 1

Article 1.6 Disclosure of Information 1

Chapter 2 TRADE IN GOODS 1

Article 2.1 Definitions 1

Article 2.2 Scope and Coverage 1

Article 2.3 National Treatment 1

Article 2.4 Elimination of Customs Duties 1

Article 2.5 Acceleration or Improvement of Tariff Commitments 1

Article 2.6 Classification of Goods 1

Article 2.7 Transposition of Schedules of Tariff Commitments 1

Article 2.8 Import and Export Restrictions 1

Article 2.9 Import Licensing Procedures 1

Article 2.10 Customs Valuation 1

Article 2.11 Export Subsidies 1

Article 2.13 Administrative Fees and Formalities 1

Article 2.14 Technical Consultations 1

Article 2.15 State Trading Enterprises 1

Article 2.16 Temporary Admission of Goods 1

Article 2.17 Goods Re-Entered after Repair or Alteration 1

Article 2.18 Goods Re-Entered after Repair or Alteration Duty-Free Entry of Commercial Samples of Negligible Value and Printed Advertising Materials (3) 2

Article 2.19 Exchange of Data 2

Article 2.20 Sub-Committee on Trade In Goods 2

Chapter 3 RULES OF ORIGIN 2

Article 3.1 Definitions 2

Section A ORIGIN DETERMINATION 2

Article 3.2 Originating Goods 2

Article 3.3 Wholly Obtained or Produced Goods 2

Article 3.4 Regional Value Content 2

Article 3.5 Intermediate Goods 2

Article 3.6 Accumulation 2

Article 3.7 Tolerance 2

Article 3.8 Insufficient Working or Processing 2

Article 3.9 Indirect Materials 2

Article 3.10 Accessories, Spare Parts, Tools 2

Article 3.11 Packaging Materials and Containers for Retail Sale 2

Article 3.12 Unit of Qualification 2

Article 3.13 Packaging Materials and Containers for Transportation and Shipment 2

Article 3.14 Fungible Goods and Materials 2

Article 3.15 Sets of Goods 2

Section B TERRITORIALITY AND TRANSIT 2

Article 3.16 Principle of Territoriality 2

Article 3.17 Non-alteration 3

Article 3.18 Free Economic Zones or Free Zones 3

Article 3.19 Third Party Invoicing 3

Section C ORIGIN CERTIFICATION 3

Article 3.20 Proof of Origin 3

Article 3.21 Certificate of Origin In Paper Format 3

Article 3.22 Electronic Data Origin Exchange System 3

Article 3.23 Origin Declaration by Approved Exporter 3

Article 3.24 Application and Examination of Application for a Certificate of Origin 3

Article 3.25 Certificate of Origin Issued Retrospectively 3

Article 3.26 Loss of the Certificate of Origin 3

Article 3.27 Importation by Installments 3

Article 3.28 Treatment of Erroneous Declaration In the Certificate of Origin 3

Article 3.29 Minor Errors and Discrepancies 3

Section D SECTION D COOPERATION AND ORIGIN VERIFICATION 3

Article 3.30 Claims for Preferential Tariff Treatment 3

Article 3.31 Denial of Preferential Tariff Treatment 3

Article 3.32 Verification of Origin 3

Article 3.33 Record Keeping Requirement 3

Article 3.34 Confidentiality 3

Article 3.35 Contact Points 3

Article 3.36 Exchange of Official Stamps and Signatures 3

Article 3.37 Transitional Provisions for Goods In Transit 3

Section E CONSULTATION AND MODIFICATIONS 3

Article 3.38 Rules of Origin and Customs and Trade Facilitation Sub-Committee 3

Article 3.39 Consultation and Modifications 3

Article 3.40 Transposition of Product-Specific Rules 4

Chapter 4 CUSTOMS PROCEDURES AND TRADE FACILITATION 4

Article 4.1 Definitions 4

Article 4.2 Objectives 4

Article 4.3 Scope 4

Article 4.4 General Provisions 4

Article 4.5 Publication and Availability of Information 4

Article 4.6 Risk Management 4

Article 4.7 Paperless Communications 4

Article 4.8 Single Window 4

Article 4.9 Advance Rulings 4

Article 4.10 Penalties 4

Article 4.11 Release of Goods 4

Article 4.12 Express Shipments 4

Article 4.13 Perishable Goods 4

Article 4.14 Authorised Economic Operators 4

Article 4.15 Border Agency Cooperation 4

Article 4.16 Appeal and Review 4

Article 4.17 Customs Cooperation 4

Article 4.18 Rules of Origin and Customs and Trade Facilitation Sub-Committee 4

Chapter 5 TRADE REMEDIES 4

Article 5.1 Scope 4

Article 5.2 Anti-Dumping and Countervailing Measures 4

Article 5.3 Global Safeguard Measures 4

Article 5.4 Contact Points and Cooperation 5

Article 5.5 Dispute Settlement 5

Chapter 6 SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES 5

Article 6.1 Definitions 5

Article 6.2 Objectives 5

Article 6.3 Scope 5

Article 6.4 General Provisions 5

Article 6.5 Contact Points and Competent Authorities 5

Article 6.6 Equivalence 5

Article 6.7 Adaptation to Regional Conditions, Including Pest- or Disease- Free Areas and Areas of Low Pest or Disease Prevalence 5

Article 6.8 Emergency Measures 5

Article 6.9 Transparency and Exchange of Information 5

Article 6.10 Technical Consultations 5

Article 6.11 Cooperation 5

Article 6.12 Sanitary MOU and Sanitary and Phytosanitary MOU 5

Article 6.13 Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Sub-Committee 5

Chapter 7 TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE 5

Article 7.1 Definitions 5

Article 7.2 Objectives 5

Article 7.3 Scope 5

Article 7.4 Affirmation of the TBT Agreement 5

Article 7.5 International Standards 5

Article 7.6 Technical Regulations 5

Article 7.7 Conformity Assessment Procedures 5

Article 7.8 Cooperation 5

Article 7.9 Transparency 6

Article 7.10 Contact Points 6

Article 7.11 Information Exchange and Technical Discussions 6

Article 7.12 Halal 6

Chapter 8 INVESTMENT FACILITATION 6

Article 8.1 UAE - New Zealand Investment Agreement 6

Article 8.2 Promotion of Investment 6

Article 8.3 Facilitation of Investment 6

Article 8.4 Investment and the Environment 6

Article 8.5 Dispute Settlement 6

Chapter 9 TRADE IN SERVICES 6

Article 9.1 Definitions 6

Article 9.2 Scope and Coverage 6

Article 9.3 Schedules of Specific Commitments 6

Article 9.4 Most-Favoured Nation Treatment 6

Article 9.5 Market Access 6

Article 9.6 National Treatment 6

Article 9.7 Additional Commitments 6

Article 9.8 Modification of Schedules 6

Article 9.9 Domestic Regulation 7

Article 9.10 Recognition 7

Article 9.11 Payments and Transfers 7

Article 9.12 Monopolies and Exclusive Service Suppliers 7

Article 9.13 Business Practices 7

Article 9.14 Denial of Benefits 7

Article 9.15 Review 7

Article 9.16 Annexes 7

ANNEX 9-A FINANCIAL SERVICES 7

ANNEX 9-C NEW ZEALAND - SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMENTS 7

ANNEX 9-D UNITED ARAB EMIRATES – SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS 8

ANNEX 9-E UAE MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT SECTORAL COVERAGE ANNEX 8

Chapter 10 DIGITAL TRADE 8

Article 10.1 Definitions 8

Article 10.2 Objectives 8

Article 10.3 General Provisions 8

Article 10.4 Customs Duties 8

Article 10.5 Non-Discriminatory Treatment of Digital Products 8

Article 10.6 Information and Communication Technology That Uses Cryptography 8

Article 10.7 Domestic Electronic Transactions Framework 9

Article 10.8 Authentication 9

Article 10.9 Paperless Trading 9

Article 10.10 Online Consumer Protection 9

Article 10.11 Personal Data Protection 9

Article 10.12 Principles on Access to and Use of the Internet for Digital Trade 9

Article 10.13 Unsolicited Commercial Electronic Messages 9

Article 10.14 Cross-Border Flow of Information 9

Article 10.15 Location of Computing Facilities 9

Article 10.16 Open Data 9

Article 10.17 Digital Government 9

Article 10.18 Digital and Electronic Invoicing 9

Article 10.19 Electronic Payments 9

Article 10.20 Digital Identities 9

Article 10.21 Cooperation 9

Article 10.22 Digital Inclusion 10

Chapter 11 GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT 10

Article 11.1 General 10

Article 11.2 Definitions 10

Article 11.3 Scope 10

Article 11.4 Exceptions 10

Article 11.5 General Principles 10

Article 11.6 Publication of Procurement Information 10

Article 11.7 Notice of Procurement 10

Article 11.8 Conditions for Participation 10

Article 11.9 Qualification of Suppliers 10

Article 11.10 Limited Tendering 11

Article 11.11 Negotiations 11

Article 11.12 Technical Specifications 11

Article 11.13 Tender Documentation 11

Article 11.14 Time Periods 11

Article 11.15 Treatment of Tenders and Awarding of Contracts 11

Article 11.16 Transparency and Post-Award InformationInformation Provided to Suppliers 11

Article 11.17 Disclosure of Information 11

Article 11.18 Ensuring Integrity In Procurement Practices 11

Article 11.19 Domestic Review 11

Article 11.20 Modifications and Rectifications of Annex 11

Article 11.21 Facilitation of Participation by SMEs 11

Article 11.22 Financial Obligations 11

Article 11.23 Language 11

Chapter 12 COMPETITION 12

Article 12.1 Objective 12

Article 12.2 Competition Authorities 12

Article 12.3 General Provisions 12

Article 12.4 Competition Laws and Authorities 12

Article 12.5 Procedural Fairness 12

Article 12.6 Cooperation 12

Article 12.7 Disclosure of Information 12

Article 12.8 Consultation 12

Article 12.9 Dispute Settlement 12

Chapter 13 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 12

Section A GENERAL PROVISIONS 12

Article 13.1 Definitions 12

Article 13.2 Objectives 12

Article 13.3 Principles 12

Article 13.4 Nature and Scope of Obligations 12

Article 13.5 International Agreements 12

Article 13.6 Intellectual Property and Public Health 12

Article 13.7 National Treatment 12

Article 13.8 Transparency 12

Article 13.9 Application of Chapter to Existing Subject Matter and Prior Acts 12

Article 13.10 Exhaustion of Intellectual Property Rights 12

Section B COOPERATION 12

Article 13.11 Cooperation Activities and Initiatives 12

Section C TRADEMARKS 12

Article 13.12 Types of Signs Registrable as Trademarks 12

Article 13.13 Collective and Certification Marks 12

Article 13.14 Use of Identical or Similar Signs 12

Article 13.15 Exceptions 12

Article 13.16 Well-Known Trademarks 12

Article 13.17 Procedural Aspects of Examination, Opposition and Cancellation 12

Article 13.18 Electronic Trademarks System 12

Article 13.19 Classification of Goods and Services 12

Article 13.20 Term of Protection for Trademarks 12

Article 13.21 Non-Recordal of a License 12

Section D DOMAIN NAMES 12

Article 13.22 Domain Names 12

Section E COUNTRY NAMES 12

Article 13.23 Country Names 12

Section F GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS 12

Article 13.24 Protection of Geographical Indications (7) 12

Article 13.25 Administrative Procedures for the Protection or Recognition of Geographical Indications 12

Article 13.26 Date of Protection of a Geographical Indication 12

Section G PATENTS 13

Article 13.27 Grace Period 13

Article 13.28 Procedural Aspects of Examination, Opposition, Cancellation and Invalidation 13

Article 13.29 Amendments, Corrections, and Observations 13

Article 13.30 Exceptions 13

Section H INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS 13

Article 13.31 Procedural Aspects of Examination, Opposition, Cancellation and Invalidation 13

Article 13.32 Amendments, Corrections, and Observations 13

Article 13.33 Industrial Design Protection 13

Article 13.34 Exceptions 13

Section I GENETIC RESOURCES, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND TRADITIONAL CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS 13

Article 13.35 Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge, and Traditional Cultural Expressions 13

Section J COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTS 13

Article 13.36 General Provision 13

Article 13.37 Term of Protection for Copyright and Related Rights 13

Article 13.38 Limitations and Exceptions 13

Article 13.39 Balance In Copyright and Related Rights Systems 13

Article 13.40 Contractual Transfers 13

Article 13.41 Obligations Concerning Protection of Rights-Management Information 13

Article 13.42 Collective Management 13

Section K ENFORCEMENT 13

Article 13.43 General Obligation In Enforcement 13

Article 13.44 Border Measures 13

Chapter 14 TRADE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 13

Article 14.1 Objectives 13

Article 14.2 Context 13

Article 14.3 Multilateral Agreements 13

Article 14.4 General Provisions 13

Article 14.5 Labour Rights 13

Article 14.6 Women's Economic Empowerment 13

Article 14.7 Climate Change 13

Article 14.8 Sustainable Natural Resources 13

Article 14.9 Sustainable Agriculture 13

Article 14.10 Sustainable Fisheries 13

Article 14.11 Sustainable Forestry 14

Article 14.12 Resource Efficient and Circular Economy 14

Article 14.13 Environmental Goods and Services 14

Article 14.14 Eco-labelling 14

Article 14.15 Conservation of Biological Diversity 14

Article 14.16 Cooperation 14

Article 14.17 Contact Points 14

Article 14.18 Consultations 14

Article 14.19 Dispute Settlement 14

Chapter 15 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ECONOMIC AND TRADE COOPERATION 14

Article 15.1 Definitions 14

Article 15.2 Objective and Principles 14

Article 15.3 Provisions Across the Agreement 14

Article 15.4 Cooperation Activities 14

Article 15.5 Contact Points 14

Article 15.6 Dispute Settlement 14

Chapter 16 SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES 14

Article 16.1 General Principles 14

Article 16.2 Cooperation to Increase Trade and Investment Opportunities for SMEs 14

Article 16.3 Information Sharing 14

Article 16.4 Contact Points 14

Article 16.5 Dispute Settlement 14

Chapter 17 ECONOMIC COOPERATION 14

Article 17.1 Objectives 14

Article 17.2 Scope 15

Article 17.3 Global Supply Chains 15

Article 17.4 Priorities and Resources 15

Article 175 Cooperative Framework 15

Article 17.6 Means of Cooperation 15

Article 17.7 Contact Points 15

Article 17.8 Dispute Settlement 15

Chapter 18 TRANSPARENCY 15

Article 18.1 Publication 15

Article 18.2 Provision of Information 15

Article 18.3 Administrative Proceedings 15

Article 18.4 Review and Appeal 15

Article 18.5 WTO Transparency Commitments 15

Chapter 19 ADMINISTRATION OF THE AGREEMENT 15

Article 19.1 Establishment of the Joint Committee 15

Article 19.2 Meetings of the Joint Committee 15

Article 19.3 Functions of the Joint Committee 15

Article 19.4 Establishment of Sub-Committees 15

Article 19 Communications 15

Article 19.6 General Review 15

Chapter 20 DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 15

Article 20.1 Objective 15

Article 20.2 Cooperation 15

Article 20.3 Scope of Application 15

Article 20.4 Contact Point 15

Article 20.5 Consultations 15

Article 20.6 Good Offices, Conciliation or Mediation 15

Article 20.7 Establishment of a Panel 15

Article 20.8 Composition of a Panel 15

Article 20.9 Decision on Urgency 16

Article 20.10 Requirements for Panellists 16

Article 20.11 Replacement of Panellists 16

Article 20.12 Functions of the Panel the Panel: 16

Article 20.13 Terms of Reference 16

Article 20.14 Rules of Interpretation 16

Article 20.15 Procedures of the Panel 16

Article 20.16 Receipt of Information 16

Article 20.17 Interim Report 16

Article 20.18 Final Report 16

Article 20.19 Implementation of the Final Report 16

Article 20.20 Reasonable Period of Time for Compliance 16

Article 20.21 Compliance Review 16

Article 20.22 Temporary Remedies In Case of Non-Compliance 16

Article 20.23 Review of Any Measure Taken to Comply after the Adoption of Temporary Remedies 16

Article 20.24 Suspension and Termination of Proceedings 16

Article 20.25 Choice of Forum 16

Article 20.26 Remuneration and Expenses 16

Article 20.27 Mutually Agreed Solution 16

Article 20.28 Time Periods 16

Article 20.29 Annexes 16

ANNEX 20-A RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE PANEL 16

ANNEX 20-B CODE OF CONDUCT FOR PANELLISTS AND OTHERS ENGAGED IN DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEEDINGS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT (1) 17

Chapter 21 EXCEPTIONS 17

Article 21.1 General Exceptions 17

Article 21.2 Security Exceptions 17

Article 21.3 Taxation 17

Article 21.4 Tiriti O Waitangi / Treaty of Waitangi 17

Article 21.5 Restrictions to Safeguard the Balance of Payments 17

Chapter 22 FINAL PROVISIONS 17

Article 22.1 Annexes, Side Letters, and Footnotes 17

Article 22.2 Amendments 17

Article 22.3 Accession 17

Article 22.4 Termination 17

Article 22.5 Entry Into Force 17

Article 22.6 Authentic Texts 17

New Zealand - United Arab Emirates CEPA (2025)

14 / Jan / 2025

Other International Investment Agreements

ARE,NZL

Relationship with other documents
Type	Agreements	Date of signature
IT_OVERLAP	Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) - New Zealand FTA (2011)	31 / Oct / 2011
IT_OVERLAP	New Zealand - United Arab Emirates BIT (2025)	14 / Jan / 2025
IT_OVERLAP	Investment Facilitation for Development (2024)

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2. COMMUNICATION SERVICES
A. Postal Services (CPC 7511) Only handling of documents, letter posts, and parcels	1) None. 2) None. 3) Foreign equity is limited to 49%. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
B. Courier Services (CPC 7512)	1) None. 2) None. 3) Foreign equity is limited to 49%. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) None. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
C. Telecommunication Services:
HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS: • The commitments taken are based on the scheduling principles provided by the following WTO documents: “Notes for scheduling Basic Telecom Services Commitments” (S/GBT/W/2/Rev.1) and “Market Access Limitations on Spectrum Availability” (S/GBT/W/3). • This Schedule on basic telecommunication does not include any broadcasting services according to the UAE telecommunication and the TDRA regulatory framework on different issues including but not limited to the spectrum license (2).	3) Any network installed in UAE must be operated by a company registered in UAE, the foreign equity of which shall be limited to 49%.
a. Voice telephone services (CPC 7521) b. Packet-switched data transmission services (CPC 7523) c. Circuit-switched data transmission services (CPC 7523) d. Telex services (CPC 7523) e. Telegraph services (CPC 7522) f. Facsimile services (CPC 7521 + 7529) g. Private leased circuit services (CPC 7522 + 7523) h. Electronic mail (CPC 7523) i. Voice mail (CPC 7523) j. On-line information and database retrieval (CPC 7523) k. Electronic data interchange (EDI)(CPC 7523) l. Enhanced/value-added facsimile services, incl. store and forward, store and retrieve (CPC 7523) m. Code and protocol conversion (n.a.).	1) Only companies with commercial presence may provide telecom services. 2) Residents are allowed to purchase telecom services in the territory of New Zealand according to the regulatory framework in the UAE and in the territory of New Zealand. 3) Duopoly. The TDRA will consider the feasibility of suppliers additional to the duopoly. The commercial presence is required and subject to 49% foreign equity limitation. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) None, except as indicated in the market access column. 2) None, except as indicated in the market access column. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
D. Audiovisual Services (excluding broadcasting): a. Motion picture and video tape production and distribution services (CPC 9611) b. Motion picture projection services (CPC 9612) c. Sound recording (CPC Ver. 2 9611) d. Audiovisual post production services (CPC Ver. 2 9613)	1) Subject to obtaining licenses and approvals from the competent UAE authorities. 2) None. 3) Foreign equity is limited to 49% and subject to obtaining licenses and approvals from competent UAE media authorities. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) Subject to obtaining licenses and approvals from the competent UAE authorities. 2) None. 3) Unbound. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
3. CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES
A. General Construction Work for Buildings (CPC 512) B. General construction work for civil engineering (CPC 513) C. Installation and assembly work (CPC 514+516) D. Building completion and finishing work (CPC 517) E. Other Pre-erection work at construction sites (CPC 511) Special trade construction work (CPC 515) Renting services related to equipment for construction or demolition of buildings or civil engineering works, with operator (CPC 518)	1) Unbound. 2) None. 3) (i) Foreign equity is limited to 70%. (ii) Large scale infrastructure projects such as airports, highways and sports facilities and projects that exceed 450 million US dollars, foreign equity is allowed up to 100%. For further clarity, foreign companies established pursuant to this paragraph (ii) will not be allowed to participate in any project that is below 450 million US dollars. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) Unbound. 2) None. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
Distribution Services do not include unmanufactured tobacco, tobacco, tobacco products, alcoholic beverages, pharmaceutical and medical goods, and any goods covered by an agency contract registered with the UAE Ministry of Economy in accordance with Law No. 3 of 2022 on commercial agencies and its successor legislation.
B. Wholesale Trade Services (CPC 622)	1) None. 2) None. 3) Foreign equity is limited to 49%. After 3 years, foreign equity is allowed up to 75%. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) Unbound. 2) Unbound. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
C. Retailing Services • Food Retailing Services (CPC 631) • Non-food Retailing Services (CPC 632)	1) None. 2) None. 3) Foreign equity is limited to 49%. After 3 years, foreign equity is allowed up to 75%. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) Unbound. 2) Unbound. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
• Sales of motor vehicles (CPC 6111) • Sales of parts and accessories of motor vehicles (CPC 6113) • Sales of motorcycles and snowmobiles and related parts and accessories (CPC 6121).	1) Unbound. 2) Unbound. 3) Foreign equity is limited to 49%. After 3 years, foreign equity is allowed up to 75%. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) Unbound. 2) Unbound. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
D. Franchising (CPC 8929)	1) None. 2) None. 3) Foreign equity is limited to 49%. After 3 years, foreign equity is allowed up to 75%. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.	1) Unbound. 2) Unbound. 3) None. 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.