China - Nicaragua FTA (2023)
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Obligations Concerned: Market Access (Article 8.4)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Political Constitution of the Republic of Nicaragua with its Incorporated amendments, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 32 of February 18, 2014 and its Consolidated Text, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 181 of September 28, 2022.

Law No. 200, General Law on Telecommunications and Postal Services, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial No. 154 of August 18, 1995 and its

Consolidated Text, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 242 of December 18, 2019.

Description: Cross-Border Trade in Services

The granting of concessions, licenses, permits or registrations for the provision of telecommunications services that require the use of the radioelectric spectrum, will be subject to the availability of the spectrum and the policies regarding its use.

Maritime and aeronautical telecommunications services will be authorized, installed, operated and controlled by the National Army and the Nicaraguan Institute of Civil Aeronautics.

The representation of the State before international telecommunications organizations corresponds to the Nicaraguan Institute of Telecommunications and Posts (Instituto Nicaraguense de Telecomunicaciones y Correo - TELCOR).

For national security purposes: a) In no case is the establishment of systems that alter or affect national communication systems allowed. b) The communication points for national defense fines in the national territory must be owned by the State. c) The radioelectric and satellite spectrum is property of the Nicaraguan

State and must be regulated by the regulatory body, the law will regulate the matter.

Annex I Entry 38 – Electricity Generation

Sector: Electricity Generation

Obligations Concerned: Market Access (Article 8.4) Local Presence (Article 8.5)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Law No. 272, Electric Industry Law, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 74 of April 23, 1998 and its Consolidated Text in Law No. 1045, Law of the Nicaraguan Legal Digest of the Energy and Mining Sector, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 130 of July 14, 2021; and its amendments.

Decree No. 42-98, Regulation of the Electric Industry Law, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 176 of September 17, 2012 and its Consolidated Text in Law No. 1045, Law of the Nicaraguan Legal Digest of the Energy and Mining Sector, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 130 of July 14, 2021; and derived therefrom.

Law No. 554 Energy Stability Law, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial No. 175 of September 13, 2012 and its Consolidated Text in Law No. 1045, Law of the Nicaraguan Legal Digest of the Energy and Mining Sector, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 130 of July 14, 2021; and its amendments.

Law No. 532, Law for the Promotion of Electricity Generation with Renewable Sources, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 102 of May 27, 2005 and its Consolidated Text in Law No. 1045, Law of the Nicaraguan Legal Digest of the Energy and Mining Sector, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 130 of July 14, 2021; and its amendments.

Description: Cross-Border Trade in Services

To participate in the generation of electrical energy, a company must be organized under the laws of Nicaragua.

Economic agents, subsidiaries or shareholders engaged in activities of generation of electrical power cannot be owners or partners of the facilities that serve for the transmission and/or distribution of electrical power, except the Nicaraguan Electricity Company (Empresa Nicaraguense de Electricidad - ENEL), which may exercise these activities only in non-concessioned areas.

Generators may be owners of power lines or transmission equipment, needed to connect their plants to the National Interconnected System (Sistema Interconectado Nacional, SIN), which will be considered its secondary transmission system.

New contracts of power generation from renewable sources should be in accordance with the prices specified for each type of generation.

Annex I Entry 39 – Natural Resources

Sector: Natural Resources

Obligations Concerned: Market Access (Article 8.4)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Political Constitution of the Republic of Nicaragua with its Incorporated amendments, published in Gaceta, Diario Oficial No. 32 of February 18, 2014 and its Consolidated Text, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 181 of September 28, 2022.

Law No. 217, General Law on the Environment and Natural Resources, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 105 of June 6, 1996 and its Consolidated Text. General Law of the Environment and Natural Resources, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 197 of October 20, 2022.

Law No. 316, General Law on the Exploitation of Our Natural Resources, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 83 of April 17, 1958.

Law No. 620, General Law of National Waters, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 169 of September 4, 2007.

Law No. 749, Law on the Legal Regime of Borders, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 244 of December 22, 2010 and its Consolidated Text, Law on the Legal Regime of Borders, Published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 98 of June 1, 2020.

Law No. 462, Law for the Conservation, Promotion and Sustainable Development ofthe Forestry Sector, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 168 of September 4, 2003.

Law No. 286, Special Law on Exploration and Exploitation of Hydrocarbons, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 109,of June 12, 1998 and its Consolidated Text, Special Law on Exploration and Exploitation of Hydrocarbons, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 130 of July 14, 2021.

Law No. 387, Special Law on Exploration and Exploitation of Mines, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 151 of August 13, 2001, and its Regulations, Decree N°119-2001 and its Consolidated Text, in Law 1045 Law of the Nicaraguan Legal Digest of the Energy and Mining Sector published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, N°130 of July 14, 2021.

Law No. 443, Law of Exploration and Exploitation of Geothermal

Resources, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 218 on November 17, 2014 and its Consolidated Text, in Law 1045 Law of the Nicaraguan Legal

Digest of the Energy and Mining Sector published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, N°130 of July 14, 2021.

Law No. 532, Law for the Promotion of Electricity Generation with Renewable Sources, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 102 of May 27, 2005 and its consolidated text, in Law 1045 Law of the Nicaraguan Legal Digest of the Energy and Mining Sector published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, N°130 of July 14, 2021.

Law No. 953, Law Creating the Nicaraguan Mining Company (ENIMINAS), published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 127 of July 6, 2017.

Law No. 1016, Law Creating the National Hydrocarbon Exploration and Exploitation Company (ENIH), published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 30 of February 14, 2020.

Description: Cross-Border Trade in Services

Natural resources are national heritage. The preservation of the environment and the conservation, development and rational exploitation of natural resources correspond to the State; it may enter into contracts for the rational exploitation of these resources, when the national interest so requires.

The domain, use and exploitation of the natural resources described in the law will be regulated by express law.

The exploration, exploitation and benefit of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, deposits of any type existing in maritime waters subject to nationaljurisdiction and those located totally or partially in determined areas of importance for national security with mining effects, whose qualification will be made by law, they may be subject to administrative concessions or special operating contracts, with the requirements and under the conditions established by the laws of the matter, for each case.

The mineral resources existing in the soil and in the subsoil of the national territory belong to the State, which exercises absolute, inalienable and imprescriptible control over them. The State guarantees equal rights and obligations for national and foreign investors.

Geothermal resources are national heritage.

Annex I Entry 40 – Elaboration of Maps and Technical Scientific Studies

Sector: Elaboration of Maps and Technical Scientific Studies

Obligations Concerned: Market Access (Article 8.4)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Political Constitution of the Republic of Nicaragua with its Incorporated amendments, published in Gazette No. 32 of February 18, 2014 and its C onsolidated Text, Political Constitution of the Republic of Nicaragua, approved on October 27, 2021, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 181 of September 28, 2022.

Law No. 311 Organic Law of the Nicaraguan Institute of Territorial Studies (INETER), published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 143, of July 28, 1999 and its Regulations to Law No. 311, Organic Law of the Nicaraguan Institute of Territorial Studies (INETER) Executive Decree No. 120-99, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 229, of November 30, 1999, and its amendments.

Description: Cross-Border Trade in Services

The Nicaraguan Institute of Territorial Studies (Instituto Nicaraguense de Estudios Territoriales - INETER) is responsible for developing, updating, editing and publishing official, cadastral, urban and rural maps, as well as thematic maps and hydrographic, nautical and aeronautical charts of the country at different scales.

Annex I Entry 41 – Lottery

Sector: Lottery

Obligations Concerned: Market Access (Article 8.4)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Decree No. 2-95 Creation of the National Lottery, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 34 of February 17, 1995, as amended.

Decree No.06-2001, Provisions on the National Lottery, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No.28 of February 8, 2001, with its amendments and its Operating Regulations, published on March 23, 2004 in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 58.

Description: Cross-Border Trade in Services

Only the State can operate lotteries and games ofchance directly and for charitable purposes.

Only the National Lottery, a State-owned company, can carry out lottery administration and distribution activities.

Annex I Entry 42 - Ports

Sector: Ports

Obligations Concerned:  Market Access (Article 8.4)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Law No. 838, General Law of Ports of Nicaragua, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 92 of May 21, 2013 and its Consolidated Text, General Law of Ports of Nicaragua, Law No. 838, approved on September 2, 2020, published in La Gaceta, Diario, Oficial, No. 17 of January 26, 2021.

Description: Cross-Border Trade in Services

The administration and operation of the ports of national interest is reserved to the National Port Company (Empresa Portuaria Nacional - EPN).

The EPN is the Administering Authority of the state national port system, which includes all public ports. It is the administrative entity of the state-owned ports and the contracts of the ports granted by the State of Nicaragua according to the procedure of Law 838, in which are carryout activities of international transport of goods or passengers, as well as in those of local interest under its administration and control; and in those that can develop or promote in the future.

The President of the Republic, through the EPN and for reasons of strategic interest, may grant concessions or association, construction and operation of new ports for public use prior technical approval of the DGTA to public or private legal entities, nationals or foreign, after consultation and approval, where appropriate, with municipalities and regional councils on the Caribbean Coast, where the port is positioned.

The concessions and contracts for the exploitation and port development that grants the State in the Autonomous Regions of the Caribbean Coast shall be processed in accordance with the provisions of the Political Constitution of the Republic of Nicaragua and the relevant laws of the matter.

When the investment is to develop in the territory of the Autonomous Regions, the legal instrument to be signed between the National Port Company and the investor must count with the approval of the Regional Council as established in the Political Constitution of the Republic of Nicaragua.

The concession contracts or lease shall be governed exclusively by the laws of the Republic of Nicaragua. The disputes that may arise by reason of the interpretation or application of the contract shall be subject to:

1) Amicable settlement between the parties;

2) Mediation before the address of alternate resolution of conflict in the Supreme Court of Justice; or

3) Arbitration, in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Nicaragua.

Annex I Entry 43 – Postal Services

Sector: Postal Services

Obligations Concerned: Market Access (Article 8.4)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Law No. 758, General Law of Posts and Postal Services of Nicaragua, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 96 and 97 of May 26, 2011 and its C onsolidated Text, published in La Gaceta, Diario Oficial, No. 242 of December 18, 2019.

Description: Cross-Border Trade in Services

The issuance, financing and commercialization of postage stamps, as well as the use of franking machines and other analogous systems, is reserved to the

Nicaragua Post Company (Empresade Correos de Nicaragua).

Annex II. SCHEDULE OF CHINA

Explanatory Notes

1. The Schedule of China to this Annex sets out, pursuant to Article 8.6 (Non- Conforming Measures) and Article 11.10 (Non-Conforming Measures), the specific sectors, subsectors, or activities for which China may maintain existing, or adopt new or more restrictive, measures that do not conform with obligations imposed by:

(a) Article 11.2 (National Treatment) or Article 8.2 (National Treatment);

(b) Article 11.3 (Most-Favored-Nation Treatment) or Article 8.3 (Most- Favored -Nation Treatment);

(c) Article 11.8 (Performance Requirements);

(d) Article 11.9 (Senior Management and Boards of Directors);

(e) Article 8.4 (Market Access); or

(f) Article 8.5 (Local Presence).

2. Each Schedule entry sets out the following elements:

(a) Sector refers to the sector for which the entry is made;

(b) Subsector refers to the specific sub-sector with which the entry is concerned if mentioned.

(c) Obligations Concerned specifies the article(s) referred to in paragraph 1 that, pursuant to Article 8.6.1(a) (Non-Conforming Measures) and Article 11.10.1(a) (Non-Conforming Measures), do not apply to the sectors, subsectors, or activities scheduled in the entry;

(d) Description sets out the scope of the sectors, subsectors, or activities covered by the entry; and

(e) Existing Measures identifies, for transparency purposes, existing measures that apply to the sectors, subsectors, or activities covered by the entry.

3. In accordance with Article 8.6.2 (Non-Conforming Measures) and Article 11.10.2 (Non-Conforming Measures), the articles of this Agreement specified in the Obligations Concerned element of an entry do not apply to the sectors, subsectors, or activities identified in the Description element of that entry.

4. For the purposes of the Schedules of China to this Annex, “foreign investor” means any investor of the other Party or a non-Party.

Annex II Entry 1 – Social Services

Sector: Social Services

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Article 11.2 and Article 8.2) Most-Favored-Nation Treatment (Article 11.3 and Article 8.3) Performance Requirements (Article 11.8) Senior Management and Boards of Directors (Article 11.9) Market Access (Article 8.4) Local Presence (Article 8.5)

Description: Investment and Cross-border Trade in Services

China reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure in the following areas: provision of law enforcement and correctional services, provision of social services established or maintained for public purposes, including: social security or social insurance, social welfare (1), public education, public training, health and child care (2).

(1) For greater certainty, social welfare includes protection of interests of the group of preferential treatment, households enjoying the minimum living guarantee, aged people, the disabled and children.
(2) This entry does not apply to Services for the aged (part of CPC 93311 and 93323) which is listed in Annex II Appendix A.

Annex II Entry 2 – Atomic Energy

Sector: Atomic Energy

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Article 11.2) Most-Favored-Nation Treatment (Article 11.3) Performance Requirements (Article 11.8) Senior Management and Boards of Directors (Article 11.9)

Description: Investment

China reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to the storage, transportation and reprocessing of spent fuels, decommissioning of nuclear facilities and disposal of radioactive wastes, as well as nuclear import business.

Annex II Entry 3 – Ethnic Minorities

Sector: Ethnic Minorities (1)

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Article 11.2 and Article 8.2) Most-Favored-National Treatment (Article 11.3 and Article 8.3) Performance Requirements (Article 11.8) Senior Management and Boards of Directors (Article 11.9) Market Access (Article 8.4) Local Presence (Article 8.5)

Description: Investment and Cross-border Trade in Services

China reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure that grants rights or preferences to places which are ethnic minorities areas (2) with the view to balance economic development and maintain social justice.

(1) For the purpose of this entry, “ethnic minorities” refer to 55 non-Han minorities that have less population than Han nationality in 56 ethnic nationalities identified and recognized by the Chinese central government.
(2) For the purpose of this entry, “ethnic minority areas” refers to:

(a) autonomous regions, prefectures and counties as set forth in the Constitution Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy;

(b) ethnic townships and towns inhabited by ethnic minorities according to Regulations on the Administrative Work of Ethnic Townships approved by the State Council; and

(c) the three provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, and Qinghai.

Annex II Entry 4–Traditional Crafts

Sector: Traditional Crafts and Chinese Traditional Medicine

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Article 11.2) Most-Favored-Nation Treatment (Article 11.3) Performance Requirements (Article 11.8) Senior Management and Boards of Directors (Article 11.9)

Description: Investment

China reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to the traditional crafts (1) including production of rice paper and ink stick.

(1) For the purpose of this entry, “traditional crafts” refers to the crafts and related products which have historical inheritance and ethnic or regional characteristics, closely related to daily life, mainly using manual labor for production. As a customized production using creative manual labor and distinctive skills based on materials, it has the characteristics that industrial production can not replace.

Annex II Entry 5–Protection of Biological Resources

Sector: Protection of Biological Resources (1)

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Article 11.2 and Article 8.2) Performance Requirements (Article 11.8) Market Access (Article 8.4) Most-Favored-Nation Treatment (Article 8.3) Local Presence (Article 8.5)

Description: Investment and Cross-border Trade in Services

China reserves the right to adopt or maintain any measure with respect to the collection, acquisition and development of biological resources (2) (including human, animal, plant and microbe resources) under national protection.

(1) For greater certainty, this entry does not affect the commitments of China in the biological resources sector as set out in Annex 1 Entry 1-Seed Industry of China’s schedule.
  • Chapter   1 INITIAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS 1
  • Article   1.1 Establishment of a Free Trade Area 1
  • Article   1.2 Objectives 1
  • Article   1.3 Relation to other Agreements 1
  • Article   1.4 Geographical Applicability (1) 1
  • Article   1.5 General Definitions 1
  • Chapter   2 TRADE IN GOODS 1
  • Article   2.1 Scope 1
  • Article   2.2 National Treatment 1
  • Article   2.3 Elimination of Customs Duties 1
  • Article   2.4 Acceleration of Tariff Commitments 1
  • Article   2.5 Temporary Admission of Goods 1
  • Article   2.6 Import and Export Restrictions 1
  • Article   2.7 Tariff-Rate Quota 1
  • Article   2.8 Tariff-Rate Quota Administration 1
  • Article   2.9 Import Licensing Procedures 1
  • Article   2.10 Administrative Fees and Formalities 1
  • Article   2.11 Agricultural Export Subsidies 1
  • Article   2.12 Committee on Trade In Goods 1
  • Article   2.13 Definition 2
  • Chapter   3 RULES OF ORIGIN AND IMPLEMENTATION PROCEDURES 2
  • Section   A Rules of Origin 2
  • Article   3.1 Originating Goods 2
  • Article   3.2 Goods Wholly Obtained 2
  • Article   3.3 Regional Value Content 2
  • Article   3.4 De Minimis 2
  • Article   3.5 Accumulation 2
  • Article   3.6 Minimal Operations or Processes 2
  • Article   3.7 Fungible Materials 2
  • Article   3.8 Neutral Elements 2
  • Article   3.9 Packing, Packages and Containers 2
  • Article   3.10 Accessories, Spare Parts and Tools 2
  • Article   3.11 Sets 2
  • Article   3.12 Direct Consignment 2
  • Section   B Implementation Procedures 2
  • Article   3.13 Certificate of Origin 2
  • Article   3.14 Retention of Origin Documents 2
  • Article   3.15 Obligations Regarding Importations 2
  • Article   3.16 Refund of Import Customs Duties or Deposit 2
  • Article   3.17 Verification of Origin 2
  • Article   3.18 Denial of Preferential Tariff Treatment 3
  • Article   3.19 Third Country Invoicing 3
  • Article   3.20 Electronic Origin Data Exchange System 3
  • Article   3.21 Committee on Rules of Origin 3
  • Article   3.22 Contact Points 3
  • Article   3.23 Definitions 3
  • Chapter   4 CUSTOMS PROCEDURES AND TRADE FACILITATION 3
  • Article   4.1 Scope and Objectives 3
  • Article   4.2 Facilitation 3
  • Article   4.3 Customs Valuation 3
  • Article   4.4 Tariff Classification 3
  • Article   4.5 Customs Cooperation 3
  • Article   4.6 Transparency 3
  • Article   4.7 Advance Rulings 3
  • Article   4.8 Review and Appeal 3
  • Article   4.9 Penalties 3
  • Article   4.10 Application of Information Technology 3
  • Article   4.11 Risk Management 3
  • Article   4.12 Release of Goods 3
  • Article   4.13 Authorized Economic Operator 3
  • Article   4.14 Consultation 3
  • Article   4.15 Committee on Customs Procedures and Trade Facilitation 3
  • Article   4.16 Definitions 3
  • Chapter   5 SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES 3
  • Article   5.1 Objectives 3
  • Article   5.2 Scope and Definitions 3
  • Article   5.3 Affirmation 3
  • Article   5.4 Risk Analysis 3
  • Article   5.5 Regionalisation 3
  • Article   5.6 Equivalence 3
  • Article   5.7 Transparency 3
  • Article   5.8 Emergency Measures 3
  • Article   5.9 Technical Cooperation 3
  • Article   5.10 Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 4
  • Article   5.11 Contact Points and Competent Authorities 4
  • Chapter   6 TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE 4
  • Article   6.1 Objectives 4
  • Article   6.2 Scope 4
  • Article   6.3 General Provision 4
  • Article   6.4 International Standards 4
  • Article   6.5 Technical Regulations 4
  • Article   6.6 Conformity Assessment Procedures 4
  • Article   6.7 Measures at the Border 4
  • Article   6.8 Transparency and Information Exchange 4
  • Article   6.9 Technical Consultations 4
  • Article   6.10 Cooperation 4
  • Article   6.11 Contact Point 4
  • Article   6.12 Definitions 4
  • Chapter   7 TRADE REMEDIES 4
  • Section   A Bilateral Safeguard Measures 4
  • Article   7.1 Application of a Bilateral Safeguard Measure 4
  • Article   7.2 Scope and Duration of Bilateral Safeguard Measures 4
  • Article   7.3 Investigation Procedures 4
  • Article   7.4 Provisional Measure 4
  • Article   7.5 Notification and Consultation 4
  • Article   7.6 Compensation 4
  • Article   7.7 Procedural Rules 4
  • Section   B Global Safeguards Measures 4
  • Article   7.8 General Provisions 4
  • Section   C Antidumping and Countervailing Duties 4
  • Article   7.9 General Provisions 4
  • Article   7.10 Non-Application of Dispute Settlement 4
  • Section   D Definitions 4
  • Article   7.11 Definitions 4
  • Chapter   8 CROSS-BORDER TRADE IN SERVICES 4
  • Article   8.1 Scope 4
  • Article   8.2 National Treatment (5) 5
  • Article   8.3 Most-Favored-Nation Treatment 5
  • Article   8.4 Market Access 5
  • Article   8.5 Local Presence 5
  • Article   8.6 Article 8.6: Non-Conforming Measures 5
  • Article   8.7 Transparency 5
  • Article   8.8 Domestic Regulation 5
  • Article   8.9 Recognition 5
  • Article   8.10 Payments and Transfers 5
  • Article   8.11 Denial of Benefits 5
  • Article   8.12 Public Telecommunications Services (10) 5
  • Article   Article 8.13: Definitions 5
  • Chapter   9 FINANCIAL SERVICES 5
  • Article   9.1 Scope and Coverage 5
  • Article   9.2 National Treatment (12) 5
  • Article   9.3 Most-Favored-Nation Treatment 5
  • Article   9.4 Market Access for Financial Institutions 5
  • Article   9.5 Cross-Border Trade 5
  • Article   9.6 New Financial Services 5
  • Article   9.7 Treatment of Certain Information 5
  • Article   9.8 Senior Management and Boards of Directors 5
  • Article   9.9 Non-Conforming Measures 5
  • Article   9.10 Exceptions 6
  • Article   9.11 Transparency and Administration of Certain Measures 6
  • Article   9.12 Self-Regulatory Organisations 6
  • Article   9.13 Payment and Clearing Systems 6
  • Article   9.14 Transfers of Information and Processing of Information 6
  • Article   9.15 Recognition 6
  • Article   9.16 Financial Services Committee 6
  • Article   9.17 Supervisory Cooperation 6
  • Article   9.18 Consultations 6
  • Article   9.19 Article 9.19: Dispute Settlement 6
  • Article   9.20 Contact Points 6
  • Article   9.21 Definitions 6
  • Annex 9  CROSS-BORDER TRADE 6
  • Section   A CHINA (20) 6
  • Section   B NICARAGUA 6
  • Chapter   10 TEMPORARY ENTRY FOR BUSINESS PERSONS 6
  • Article   10.1 Objectives 6
  • Article   10.2 Scope 7
  • Article   10.3 Article 10.3: Expeditious Application Procedures 7
  • Article   10.4 Grant of Temporary Entry 7
  • Article   10.5 Transparency 7
  • Article   10.6 Contact Points 7
  • Article   10.7 Committee on Temporary Entry of Business Persons 7
  • Article   10.8 Cooperation 7
  • Article   10.9 Definitions 7
  • Annex 10  SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS ON TEMPORARY ENTRY OF BUSINESS PERSONS 7
  • Section   A China’s Commitments 7
  • Section   B Nicaragua’s Commitments 7
  • Chapter   11 INVESTMENT 7
  • Section   A Investment 7
  • Article   11.1 Scope and Coverage 7
  • Article   11.2 National Treatment (25) 7
  • Article   11.3 Most-Favored-Nation Treatment 7
  • Article   11.4 Minimum Standard of Treatment (26) 7
  • Article   11.5 Compensation for Losses 7
  • Article   11.6 Expropriation and Compensation (27) 7
  • Article   11.7 Transfers (28) 7
  • Article   11.8 Performance Requirements 7
  • Article   11.9 Senior Management and Boards of Directors 8
  • Article   11.10 Non-Conforming Measures 8
  • Article   11.11 Special Formalities and Information Requirements 8
  • Article   11.12 Subrogation 8
  • Article   11.13 Denial of Benefits 8
  • Article   11.4 Disclosure of Information 8
  • Article   11.5 Financial Services 8
  • Article   11.16 Taxation 8
  • Section   B Investor-State Dispute Settlement 8
  • Article   11.17 Consultations 8
  • Article   11.18 Submission of a Claim to Arbitration 8
  • Article   11.19 Consent of Each Party to Arbitration 8
  • Article   11.20 Conditions and Limitations on Consent of Each Party 8
  • Article   11.21 Constitution of the Tribunal 8
  • Article   11.22 Conduct of the Arbitration 8
  • Article   11.23 Governing Law 8
  • Article   11.24 Discontinuance 9
  • Article   11.25 Awards 9
  • Article   11.26 Expert Reports 9
  • Article   11.27 Service of Documents 9
  • Article   11.28 Definitions 9
  • Annex 11-A  CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW 9
  • Annex 11-B  EXPROPRIATION 9
  • Annex 11-C  TEMPORARY SAFEGUARD MEASURES 9
  • Annex 11-D  SERVICE OF DOCUMENTS ON A PARTY 9
  • Chapter   12 DIGITAL ECONOMY 9
  • Article   12.1 General Provisions 9
  • Article   12.2 Domestic Electronic Transactions Framework 9
  • Article   12.3 Electronic Signatures 9
  • Article   12.4 Online Consumer Protection 9
  • Article   12.5 Online Personal Data Protection 9
  • Article   12.6 Paperless Trading 9
  • Article   12.7 Medium, Small and Micro Enterprises 9
  • Article   12.8 Cooperation on Digital Economy 9
  • Article   12.9 Non-Application of Dispute Settlement 10
  • Article   12.10 Definitions 10
  • Chapter   13 COMPETITION POLICIES 10
  • Article   13.1 Objectives and Principles 10
  • Article   13.2 Competition Laws and Authorities 10
  • Article   13.3 Implementation of Competition Laws 10
  • Article   13.4 Transparency 10
  • Article   13.5 Cooperation In Law Enforcement 10
  • Article   13.6 Information Exchange and Confidentiality (48) 10
  • Article   13.7 Technical Cooperation 10
  • Article   13.8 Consultations 10
  • Article   13.9 Non-Application of Dispute Settlement 10
  • Article   13.10 Definitions 10
  • Chapter   14 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 10
  • Article   14.1 Purposes and Principles 10
  • Article   14.2 Scope of Intellectual Property 10
  • Article   14.3 Obligations Are Minimum Obligations 10
  • Article   14.4 International Agreements 10
  • Article   14.5 Intellectual Property and Public Health 10
  • Article   14.6 Exhaustion 10
  • Article   14.7 Procedures on Acquisition and Maintenance 10
  • Article   14.8 Patentable Subject Matter 10
  • Article   14.9 Amendments, Corrections and Observations on Patent Applications 10
  • Article   14.10 Transparency 10
  • Article   14.11 Types of Signs as Trademarks 10
  • Article   14.12 Well-Known Trademarks 10
  • Article   14.13 Geographical Indications 10
  • Article   14.14 Plant Breeders’ Rights 10
  • Article   14.15 Copyrights 10
  • Article   14.16 Collective Management of Copyright 10
  • Article   14.17 Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore 10
  • Article   14.18 Enforcement 10
  • Article   14.19 Ex Officio Compliance at the Border 10
  • Article   14.20 Cooperation-General 10
  • Chapter   15 ENVIRONMENT AND TRADE 10
  • Article   15.1 Context 10
  • Article   15.2 Objectives 10
  • Article   15.3 Scope 10
  • Article   15.4 Levels of Protection 10
  • Article   15.5 Enforcement of Environmental Laws and Regulations 11
  • Article   15.6 Multilateral Environmental Agreements 11
  • Article   15.7 Review of Environmental Impact 11
  • Article   15.8 Cooperation 11
  • Article   15.9 Institutional Arrangements 11
  • Article   15.10 Non-Application of Dispute Settlement 11
  • Chapter   16 SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES 11
  • Article   16.1 Objectives 11
  • Article   16.2 Information Sharing 11
  • Article   16.3 Cooperation 11
  • Article   16.4 Contact Points 11
  • Article   16.5 Non-Application of Dispute Settlement 11
  • Chapter   17 TRANSPARENCY 11
  • Article   17.1 Publication 11
  • Article   17.2 ^Notification and Provision of Information 11
  • Article   17.3 Incorporation 11
  • Article   17.4 Definitions 11
  • Chapter   18 ECONOMIC COOPERATION 11
  • Section   A General Provisions 11
  • Article   18.1 Objectives 11
  • Article   18.2 Methods and Means 11
  • Article   18.3 Scope 11
  • Article   18.4 Non-Application of Dispute Settlement 11
  • Section   B Areas of Cooperation 11
  • Article   18.5 Agricultural Cooperation 11
  • Article   18.6 Other Areas of Cooperation 11
  • Article   18.7 Cooperation In the Law-Based Internet Governance 11
  • Chapter   19 GENERAL PROVISIONS AND EXCEPTIONS 11
  • Article   19.1 Disclosure and Confidentiality of Information 11
  • Article   19.2 General Exceptions 11
  • Article   19.3 Security Exceptions 11
  • Article   19.4 Taxation 11
  • Article   19.5 Review of Agreement 11
  • Article   19.6 Measures to Safeguard the Balance-of-Payments 11
  • Chapter   20 INSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS 11
  • Article   20.1 FTA Joint Commission 11
  • Article   20.2 Rules of Procedure of the FTA Joint Commission 12
  • Article   20.3 Free Trade Agreement Coordinators 12
  • Article   20.4 Contact Point 12
  • Chapter   21 DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 12
  • Article   21.1 Cooperation 12
  • Article   21.2 Scope of Application (52) 12
  • Article   21.3 Choice of Forum 12
  • Article   21.4 Consultations 12
  • Article   21.5 Good Offices, Conciliation and Mediation 12
  • Article   21.6 Establishment of an Arbitral Tribunal 12
  • Article   21.7 Composition of an Arbitral Tribunal 12
  • Article   21.8 Functions of Arbitral Tribunal 12
  • Article   21.9 Rules of Procedure of an Arbitral Tribunal 12
  • Article   21.10 Suspension or Termination of Proceedings 12
  • Article   21.11 Report of the Arbitral Tribunal 12
  • Article   21.12 Implementation of Arbitral Tribunal’s Final Report 12
  • Article   21.13 Reasonable Period of Time 12
  • Article   21.14 Compliance Review 12
  • Article   21.15 Suspension of Concessions or other Obligations 12
  • Article   21.16 Post Suspension 12
  • Article   21.117 Private Rights 12
  • Annex 21  RULES OF PROCEDURE OF ARBITRAL TRIBUNAL 12
  • Chapter   22 FINAL PROVISIONS 12
  • Article   22.1 Annexes 12
  • Article   22.2 Entry Into Force 12
  • Article   22.3 Amendments 12
  • Article   22.4 Termination 13
  • Article   22.5 Relation to the Early Harvest Arrangement 13
  • Article   22.6 Authentic Texts 13
  • Annex I  Cross-Border Trade in Services and Investment Non-Conforming Measures 13
  • Annex I  SCHEDULE OF CHINA 13
  • Annex I  SCHEDULE OF NICARAGUA 16
  • Annex II  SCHEDULE OF CHINA 20
  • Appendix A  22
  • Annex II  SCHEDULE OF NICARAGUA 22
  • Annex III  SCHEDULE OF CHINA 23
  • Section   A 23
  • Section   B 24
  • Annex III  SCHEDULE OF NICARAGUA 25
  • Section   A 25
  • Section   B 25