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Canada - Ecuador FTA (2026)
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Auditing

- Commercial presence requirement: Nova Scotia.

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Manitoba, Quebec.

- Permanent residence requirement for accreditation: Ontario.

Architectural services Under Mode 1 remove:

Architects

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec.

Engineering services Under Mode 1 remove:

Consulting Engineers

- Commercial presence requirement for accreditation: Manitoba.

Engineers

- Permanent residence requirement for accreditation: Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia.

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec.

Under Mode 2 remove:

Consulting Engineers

- Commercial presence requirement for accreditation: Manitoba.

Engineers

- Permanent residence requirement for accreditation: Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia.

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec.

Integrated

engineering services Under Mode 1 remove:

Consulting Engineers

- Commercial presence requirement for accreditation: Manitoba.

Engineers

- Permanent residence requirement for accreditation: Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia.

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec.

Under Mode 2 remove:

Consulting Engineers

- Commercial presence requirement for accreditation: Manitoba.

Engineers

- Permanent residence requirement for accreditation: Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia.

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec.

Urban planning and landscape

architectural services Under Mode 1 remove:

Community/Urban Planning

- Citizenship requirement for use of title: Quebec.

Real estate services Under Mode 1 remove:

Chartered Appraisers

- Citizenship requirement for use of title: Quebec.

Management

consulting services Under Mode 1 remove:

Agrologists

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec.

Professional Administrators and Certified Management Consultants

- Citizenship requirement for use of title: Quebec Professional Corporation of Administrators.

Industrial Relations Counsellors

- Citizenship requirement for use of title: Quebec. Under Mode 2 remove:

Agrologists

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec.

Investigation and security services Under Mode 3 remove:

Business and Personnel Information Investigations

- Foreign ownership restriction to 25 percent in total and 10 percent by any individual holding shares: Ontario.

Related scientific and technical consulting services Under Mode 1 remove:

Land Surveyors

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Nova Scotia, Quebec.

Subsurface Surveying Services

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec. Professional Technologist

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec. Chemists

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec. Under Mode 2 remove:

Land Surveyors

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Nova Scotia, Quebec.

Subsurface Surveying Services

- Citizenship requirement for accreditation: Quebec.

Other business services Under Mode 1 remove:

Certified Translators and Interpreters

- Citizenship requirement for use of title: Quebec. Under Mode 2 remove:

Certified Translators and Interpreters

- Citizenship requirement for use of title: Quebec. Under Mode 3 remove:

Collection Agencies

- Foreign ownership restriction to 25 percent in total and 10 percent by any individual: Ontario.

Courier services Under Mode 3 remove:

- Economic needs test (Criteria related to approval include: examination of the adequacy of current levels of service; market conditions establishing the requirement for expanded service; the effect of new entrants on public convenience,

including the continuity and quality of service; and the fitness, willingness, and ability of the applicant to supply proper

service.): Nova Scotia, Manitoba.

General construction work for civil

engineering Under Mode 3 remove:

Construction

- An applicant and holder of a water power site development permit must be incorporated in Ontario.

Wholesale trade services Under Mode 1 remove:

Marketing of Fish Products (Nova Scotia): Nova Scotia

residents require ministerial approval to enter into agreements with non-residents.

Railway passenger and freight transport Under Mode 1 remove:

- cabotage limitation

Road passenger transportation Under Mode 3 remove:

Interurban bus transport and scheduled services:

- Public convenience and needs test (Criteria related to approval include: examination of the adequacy of current levels of service; market conditions establishing the requirement for expanded service; the effect of new entrants on public

convenience, including the continuity and quality of service; and the fitness, willingness, and ability of the applicant to

supply proper service.): Prince Edward Island.

Road freight

transportation Under Mode 3 remove:

Highway freight transportation

- Public convenience and needs test (Criteria related to approval include: examination of the adequacy of current levels of service; market conditions establishing the requirement for expanded service; the effect of new entrants on public

convenience, including the continuity and quality of service; and the fitness, willingness, and ability of the applicant to

supply proper service.): British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia.

Telecommunications Under Mode 3 remove:

Nova Scotia: no person may vote more than 1,000 shares of Maritime Telegraph and Telephone Ltd.

Annex II.

Schedule of Ecuador

Introductory Notes

1. The Schedule of a Party to this Annex sets out, pursuant to Article

15.18 (Investment – Non-Conforming Measures) and Article 16.7 (Cross-Border Trade in

Services – Non-Conforming Measures), the specific sectors, sub-sectors or activities for

which that Party may maintain existing or adopt new or more restrictive measures that do

not conform with obligations imposed by:

(a) Article 15.6 (Investment – National Treatment) or 16.3 (Cross-Border

Trade in Services – National Treatment);

(b) Article 15.7 (Investment – Most-Favored-Nation Treatment) or

16.4 (Cross-Border Trade in Services – Most-Favored-Nation Treatment);

(c) Article 15.12 (Investment – Performance Requirements);

(d) Article 15.13 (Investment – Senior Management and Boards of

Directors); or

(e) Article 16.5 (Cross-Border Trade in Services – Market Access).

2. Each Schedule entry sets out the following elements:

(a) Sector refers to the sector for which the entry is made;

(b) Sub-sector, where referenced, refers to the specific sector for which the

entry is made;

(c) Obligations Concerned specifies the articles referred to in paragraph 1

that, pursuant to Article 15.18 (Investment – Non-Conforming Measures)

and 16.7 (Cross-Border Trade in Services – Non-Conforming Measures),

do not apply to the sectors, sub-sectors, or activities scheduled in the

entry;

(d) Level of Government indicates the level of government maintaining the

measures, on which a reservation is taken;

(e) Description sets out the scope of the sectors, sub-sectors or activities

covered by the entry; and

(f) Existing Measures identifies, for transparency purposes, existing

measures that apply to the sectors, sub-sectors or activities covered by the

entry.

3. In the interpretation of a Schedule entry, all elements of the entry shall be

considered. The Description element shall prevail over the other elements.

Annex II - ECUADOR-2

4. In accordance with Articles 15.18 (Investment – Non-Conforming Measures)

and 16.7 (Cross-Border Trade in Services – Non-Conforming Measures), the articles of

this Agreement specified in the Obligations Concerned element of an entry do not apply

to the sectors, sub-sectors and activities identified in the Description element of that

entry.

Annex II - ECUADOR-3

1. Sector: Certain Sectors

Sub-Sector:

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Articles 15.6 and 16.3)

Level of Government: Central

Description: Investment and Cross-Border Trade in Services

1. Ecuador reserves the right to adopt or

maintain any measure on:

(a) Universal Postal Service; and

(b) pipeline transportation services.

Existing Measures:

Annex II - ECUADOR-3

2. Sector: Railways

Sub-Sector:

Previous page Page 46 Next page
  • Chapter   1 INITIAL PROVISIONS AND GENERAL DEFINITIONS 1
  • Section   A Initial Provisions 1
  • Article   1.1 Establishment of a Free Trade Area 1
  • Article   1.2 Relation to other Agreements 1
  • Article   1.3 Reference to other Agreements 1
  • Article   1.4 Reference to Laws 1
  • Article   1.5 Extent of Obligations 1
  • Article   1.6 Delegated Authority 1
  • Section   B General Definitions 1
  • Article   1.7 General Definitions 1
  • Article   1.8 Country-Specific Definitions 1
  • Chapter   2 NATIONAL TREATMENT AND MARKET ACCESS FOR GOODS 1
  • Section   A Definitions and Scope 1
  • Article   2.1 Definitions 1
  • Article   2.2 Scope 1
  • Section   B National Treatment and Market Access for Goods 1
  • Article   2.3 National Treatment 1
  • Article   2.4 Classification of Goods 2
  • Article   2.5 Reduction or Elimination of Customs Duties on Imports 2
  • Article   2.6 Waiver of Customs Duties 2
  • Article   2.7 Import and Export Restrictions 2
  • Article   2.18 Import Licensing 2
  • Article   2.9 Export Licensing 2
  • Article   2.10 Administrative Fees and Formalities 2
  • Article   2.11 Exchange of Data for Preference Utilization 2
  • Article   2.12 State Trading Enterprises 2
  • Section   C Institutional Provisions 2
  • Article   2.13 Committee on Trade In Goods 2
  • Section   D Agriculture 2
  • Article   2.14 Definitions 2
  • Article   2.15 Scope 2
  • Article   2.16 Export Restrictions – Food Security 2
  • Article   2.17 Export Competition 2
  • Article   2.18 The Andean Price Band System 2
  • Article   2.19 Sub-Committee on Agriculture 2
  • Chapter   3 RULES OF ORIGIN 2
  • Article   3.1 Definitions 2
  • Article   3.2 Originating Goods 3
  • Article   3.3 Wholly Obtained or Produced Goods 3
  • Article   3.4 Regional Value Content 3
  • Article   3.5 Accumulation 3
  • Article   3.6 Materials Used In Production 3
  • Article   3.7 De Minimis 3
  • Article   3.8 Treatment of Recovered Materials Used In Production of a Remanufactured Good 3
  • Article   3.9 Fungible Goods and Materials 3
  • Article   3.10 Indirect Materials 3
  • Article   3.11 Accessories, Spare Parts, Tools, and Instructional or other Information Materials 3
  • Article   3.12 Packaging Materials and Containers for Retail Sale 3
  • Article   3.13 Packing Materials and Containers for Shipment 3
  • Article   3.14 Transit and Transhipment 3
  • Article   3.15 Non-Qualifying Operations 3
  • Chapter   4 ORIGIN PROCEDURES 3
  • Article   4.1 Definitions 3
  • Article   4.2 Claims for Preferential Tariff Treatment 3
  • Article   4.3 Basis of a Certificate of Origin 4
  • Article   4.4 Discrepancies and Minor Errors 4
  • Article   4.5 Waiver of Certificate of Origin 4
  • Article   4.6 Obligations Relating to Importation 4
  • Article   4.7 Obligations Relating to Exportation 4
  • Article   4.8 Record Keeping Requirements 4
  • Article   4.9 Verification of Origin 4
  • Article   4.10 Determinations on Claims for Preferential Tariff Treatment 4
  • Article   4.11 Refunds 4
  • Article   4.12 Penalties 4
  • Article   4.13 Advance Rulings Relating to Origin 4
  • Article   4.14 Review and Appeal 4
  • Article   4.15 Confidentiality 4
  • Article   4.16 Cooperation 4
  • Article   4.17 Committee on Rules of Origin and Origin Procedures 4
  • Chapter   5 CUSTOMS AND TRADE FACILITATION 5
  • Article   5.1 General Objectives and Principles 5
  • Article   5.2 Online Publications 5
  • Article   5.3 Enquiry Points 5
  • Article   5.4 Consulting Traders 5
  • Article   5.5 Advance Rulings 5
  • Article   5.6 Release of Goods 5
  • Article   5.7 Perishable Goods (1) 5
  • Article   5.8 Express Shipments 5
  • Article   5.9 Single Window 5
  • Article   5.10 Risk Management 5
  • Article   5.11 Consistency 5
  • Article   5.12 Customs Valuation of Goods 5
  • Article   5.13 Post-Clearance Audit 5
  • Article   5.14 Penalties 5
  • Article   5.15 Review and Appeal 5
  • Article   5.16 Protection of Trader Information 5
  • Article   5.17 Standards of Conduct 5
  • Article   5.18 Customs Cooperation 5
  • Article   5.19 Authorized Economic Operators 5
  • Article   5.20 Committee on Trade Facilitation 5
  • Chapter   6 SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES 6
  • Article   6.1 Definitions 6
  • Article   6.2 Objectives 6
  • Article   6.3 Scope 6
  • Article   6.4 General Provisions 6
  • Article   6.5 Science and Risk Analysis 6
  • Article   6.6 Equivalence 6
  • Article   6.7 Adaptation to Regional Conditions, Including Pest - or Disease - Free Areas and Areas of Low Pest or Disease Prevalence 6
  • Article   6.8 Transparency 6
  • Article   6.9 Emergency Measures 6
  • Article   6.10 Import Checks 6
  • Article   6.11 Audits 6
  • Article   6.12 Certification 6
  • Article   6.13 Approval Procedures for Import Maximum Residue Limits for Plant Protection Products 6
  • Article   6.14 Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 6
  • Article   6.15 Technical Consultations 7
  • Article   6.16 Competent Authorities and Contact Points 7
  • Chapter   7 TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE 7
  • Article   7.1 Definitions 7
  • Article   7.2 Scope 7
  • Article   7.3 Incorporation of the TBT Agreement 7
  • Article   7.4 International Standards, Guides and Recommendations 7
  • Article   7.5 Technical Regulations 7
  • Article   7.6 Gender Responsive Technical Regulations and Standards 7
  • Article   7.7 Conformity Assessment 7
  • Article   7.8 Transparency 7
  • Article   7.9 Compliance Period for Technical Regulations and Conformity Assessment Procedures 7
  • Article   7.10 Information Exchange and Technical Discussions 7
  • Article   7.11 Cooperation 7
  • Article   7.12 Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade 8
  • Article   7.13 Contact Points 8
  • Chapter   8 EMERGENCY ACTION 8
  • Article   8.1 Definitions 8
  • Article   8.2 Coordination of Safeguard Measures 8
  • Article   8.3 Application of a Bilateral Emergency Action 8
  • Article   8.4 Notification and Consultations 8
  • Article   8.5 Standards for Emergency Action 8
  • Article   8.6 Compensation 8
  • Article   8.7 Administration of Emergency Action Proceedings 8
  • Chapter   9 COMPETITION POLICY 8
  • Article   9.1 Definitions 8
  • Article   9.2 Objectives 8
  • Article   9.3 Competition Laws and Authorities 8
  • Article   9.4 Procedural Fairness In Competition Law Enforcement 8
  • Article   9.5 Transparency 8
  • Article   9.6 Confidentiality 8
  • Article   9.7 Consumer Protection 8
  • Article   9.8 Cooperation In Competition and Consumer Protection 8
  • Article   9.9 Consultations 8
  • Article   9.10 Non-Application of Dispute Settlement 9
  • Chapter   10 STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES AND DESIGNATED MONOPOLIES 9
  • Article   10.1 Definitions 9
  • Article   10.2 Scope 9
  • Article   10.3 Non-discriminatory Treatment and Commercial Considerations 9
  • Article   10.4 Courts and Administrative Bodies 9
  • Article   10.5 Adverse Effects 9
  • Article   10.6 Injury 9
  • Article   10.7 Transparency 9
  • Article   10.8 Technical Cooperation 10
  • Article   10.9 Contact Points 10
  • Article   10.10 Party-Specific Annexes 10
  • Article   10.11 Exceptions 10
  • Article   10.12 Process for Developing Information 10
  • Chapter   11 GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT 10
  • Chapter   12 ENVIRONMENT 12
  • Chapter   13 LABOUR 14
  • Chapter   14 TRANSPARENCY, ANTI-CORRUPTION AND RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS CONDUCT 15
  • Chapter   15 INVESTMENT 15
  • Section   A Definitions 16
  • Article   15.1 Definitions 16
  • Section   B Investment Protections 16
  • Article   15.2 Scope 16
  • Article   15.3 Relation to other Chapters 16
  • Article   15.4 Right to Regulate 16
  • Article   15.5 Non-Derogation 16
  • Article   15.6 National Treatment 16
  • Article   15.7 Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment 16
  • Article   15.8 Treatment In Case of Armed Conflict, Civil Strife or Natural Disaster 16
  • Article   15.9 Minimum Standard of Treatment 16
  • Article   15.10 Expropriation 16
  • Article   15.11 Transfer of Funds 16
  • Article   15.12 Performance Requirements 16
  • Article   15.13 Senior Management and Boards of Directors 17
  • Article   15.14 Subrogation 17
  • Article   15.15 Responsible Business Conduct 17
  • Article   15.16 Denial of Benefits 17
  • Article   15.17 Special Formalities and Information Requirements 17
  • Section   C Reservations, Exceptions, Exclusions 17
  • Article   15.18 Non-Conforming Measures 17
  • Article   15.19 Article 15.19: Exclusions 17
  • Section   D Investor-State Dispute Settlement 17
  • Article   15.20 Scope and Purpose 17
  • Article   15.21 Request for Consultations 17
  • Article   15.22 Mediation 17
  • Article   15.23 Submission of a Claim to Arbitration 17
  • Article   15.24 Consent to Arbitration 17
  • Article   15.25 Discontinuance 17
  • Article   15.26 Arbitrators 17
  • Article   15.27 Applicable Law and Interpretation 17
  • Article   15.28 Preliminary Objections 17
  • Article   15.29 Consolidation 17
  • Article   15.30 Seat of Arbitration 17
  • Article   15.31 Transparency of Proceedings 18
  • Article   15.32 Participation of the Non-Disputing Party 18
  • Article   15.33 Expert Reports 18
  • Article   15.34 Interim Measures of Protection 18
  • Article   15.35 Final Award 18
  • Article   15.36 Finality and Enforcement of an Award 18
  • Article   15.37 Third-Party Funding 18
  • Article   15.38 Service of Documents 18
  • Article   15.39 Receipts Under Insurance or Guarantee Contracts 18
  • Article   15.40 Establishment of a First Instance Investment Tribunal or an Appellate Mechanism for Investor-State Dispute Settlement 18
  • Article   15.41 Committee on Investment 18
  • Section   E Expedited Arbitration 18
  • Article   15.42 Consent to Expedited Arbitration 18
  • Article   15.43 Mediation 18
  • Article   15.44 Constitution of the Tribunal 18
  • Article   15.45 First Session In Expedited Arbitration 18
  • Article   15.46 Procedural Schedule for Expedited Arbitration 18
  • Article   15.47 Consolidation 18
  • Annex 15-A  Exclusions from Dispute Settlement 18
  • Annex 15-B  Arbitration Rules 18
  • Section   I Introductory Rules 18
  • Section   II Composition of the Tribunal 18
  • Section   III Arbitral Proceedings 19
  • Section   IV The Award 19
  • Annex 15-C  Arbitrator Code of Conduct for Investor-State Dispute Settlement (Code of Conduct) 19
  • Appendix 15-C.1  Appendix to the Arbitrator Code of Conduct for Investor-State Dispute Settlement: Initial Disclosure Statement Form 20
  • Chapter   16 CROSS-BORDER TRADE IN SERVICES 20
  • Chapter   17 DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF MEASURES 21
  • Chapter   18 FINANCIAL SERVICES 22
  • Chapter   19 TEMPORARY MOVEMENT OF BUSINESS PERSONS 24
  • Chapter   20 TELECOMMUNICATIONS 25
  • Chapter   21 DIGITAL TRADE 26
  • Article   21.1 Definitions 26
  • Article   21.2 Scope 27
  • Article   21.3 Access to and Use of the Internet for Digital Trade 27
  • Article   21.4 Domestic Electronic Transactions Framework 27
  • Article   21.5 Electronic Authentication and Electronic Signatures 27
  • Article   21.6 Online Consumer Protection 27
  • Article   21.7 Personal Data Protection 27
  • Article   21.8 Unsolicited Commercial Electronic Messages 27
  • Article   21.9 Prohibition of Customs Duties on Digital Products Transmitted Electronically 27
  • Article   21.10 Non-Discriminatory Treatment of Digital Products 27
  • Article   21.11 Cross-Border Transfer of Information by Electronic Means 27
  • Article   21.12 Location of Computing Facilities 27
  • Article   21.13 Source Code 27
  • Article   21.14 Open Government Data 27
  • Article   21.15 Digital Inclusion 27
  • Chapter   22 TRADE AND GENDER EQUALITY 27
  • Chapter   23 SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES 28
  • Chapter   24 TRADE AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES 29
  • Chapter   25 GOOD REGULATORY PRACTICES 29
  • Chapter   26 ADMINISTRATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS 30
  • Chapter   27 DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 31
  • Chapter   28 EXCEPTIONS AND GENERAL PROVISIONS 34
  • Section   A Exceptions 34
  • Article   28.1 General Exceptions 34
  • Article   28.2 Security Exceptions 34
  • Article   28.3 Taxation 34
  • Article   28.4 Cultural Industries 34
  • Article   28.5 Balance of Payments 34
  • Article   28.6 Indigenous Peoples Rights 34
  • Article   28.7 WTO Waivers 34
  • Section   B General Provisions 34
  • Article   28.8 Disclosure of Information 34
  • Chapter   29 FINAL PROVISIONS 35
  • Article   29.1 Integral Parts of this Agreement 35
  • Article   29.2 Amendments 35
  • Article   29.3 Entry Into Force 35
  • Article   29.4 Termination 35
  • Article   29.5 Authentic Texts 35
  • Annex I  35
  • Annex I  38
  • Annex II  44
  • Annex II  46
  • Annex III  52
  • Annex IV  53
    • Name
    Canada - Ecuador FTA (2026)
    PDF Link
    Canada - Ecuador FTA (2026)
    Signed date
    24 / Jul / 2026
    Treaty type
    Other International Investment Agreements
    Origin language
    en
    Party ISO codes
    CAN,ECU
    Relationship with other documents
    Type Agreements Date of signature Date of entry in force
    IT_OVERLAP Andean Community - Canada Trade and Investment Cooperation Arrangement (1999) 31 / May / 1999 31 / May / 1999
    IT_OVERLAP Investment Facilitation for Development (2024)
    IT_OVERLAP Canada - Ecuador BIT (1996) 29 / Apr / 1996 06 / Jun / 1997
    PDF
    PDF
    Original PDF
    Original PDF