Text Summary Metadata Send a comment
Canada - Ecuador FTA (2026)
Previous page Next page

The prohibitions under the Coasting Trade Act, set out in Reservation II-C-10, do not apply to any vessel that is

owned by the U.S. Government when used solely for the purpose of transporting goods owned by the Government of the United States from the territory of Canada to supply

Distant Early Warning sites.

Sector: All Sectors

Sub-Sector:

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Articles 15.6 and 16.3)

Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (Articles 15.7 and 16.4) Performance Requirements (Article 15.12)

Senior Management and Boards of Directors (Article 15.13)

Level of Government: Regional

Measures: Any existing non-conforming measure of a Province and Territory.

Description: Investment and Cross-Border Trade in Services

Annex I.

Schedule of Ecuador

Introductory Notes

1. The Schedule of a Party to this Annex sets out, pursuant to 15.18 (Investment –

Non-Conforming Measures) and Articles 16.7 (Cross-Border Trade in Services – NonConforming Measures), the Party’s existing measures that are not subject to some or all

of the obligations imposed by:

(a) Article 15.6 (Investment – National Treatment) or 16.3 (Cross-Border

Trade in Services – National Treatment);

(b) Article 15.7 (Investment – Most-Favored-Nation Treatment) or 16.4

(Cross-Border Trade in Services – Most-Favored-Nation Treatment);

(c) Article 16.5 (Cross-Border Trade in Services – Market Access);

(d) Article 15.12 (Investment – Performance Requirements); or

(e) Article 15.13 (Investment – Senior Management and Boards of Directors).

2. Each Schedule entry sets out the following elements:

(a) Sector refers to the sector for which the entry is made;

(b) Sub-Sector, where referenced, refers to the specific sector for which the

entry is made;

(c) Obligations Concerned specifies the obligations referred to in

paragraph 1 that, pursuant to Articles 15.18 (Investment – NonConforming Measures) and 16.7 (Cross-Border Trade in Services – NonConforming Measures), do not apply to the non-conforming aspects of the

law, regulation, or other measure, as set out in paragraph 3;

(d) Level of Government indicates the level of government maintaining the

scheduled measure(s);

(e) Description sets out commitments, if any, for liberalization on the date of

entry into force of the Agreement, and the remaining non-conforming

aspects of the measure for which the entry is made; and

(f) Measures identifies the laws, regulations, or other measures for which the

entry is made. A measure cited in the Measures element:

(i) means the measure as amended, continued, or renewed as of the

date of entry into force of this Agreement; and

(ii) includes any subordinate measure adopted or maintained under the

authority of and consistent with the measure.

Annex I - ECUADOR-2

3. In the interpretation of an entry, all elements of the entry shall be considered. An

entry shall be interpreted in light of the relevant articles of the Chapters against which the

entry is made. To the extent that:

(a) the Measures element is qualified by a liberalization commitment from

the Description element, the Measures element as so qualified shall

prevail over all other elements; and

(b) the Measures element is not so qualified, the Measures element shall

prevail over all other elements, unless any discrepancy between the

Measures element and the other elements considered in their totality is so

substantial and material that it would be unreasonable to conclude that the

Measures element should prevail, in which case the other elements shall

prevail to the extent of that discrepancy.

Annex I - ECUADOR-3

1. Sector: All Sectors

Sub-Sector:

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Article 15.6)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Constitución de la República del Ecuador

(Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador), Official

Gazette 449, 20 October 2008 (last reform

on 30 May 2024), Title VII (Good living regime),

Chapter II (Biodiversity and natural resources),

Section three Natural heritage and ecosystems.

Ley de Seguridad Pública y del Estado (Law on

Public and State Security), Official Gazette

Supplement 35, 28 September 2009 (last reform

on 29 March 2023), Title VII (On security zones:

Border security zones and reserved security areas).

Código Orgánico del Ambiente (Organic Code on

the Environment), Official Gazette Supplement 983,

14 March 2017 (last reform on 21 December 2021),

Title II (Of in situ conservation), Chapter II (Of the

system of Protected Areas).

Ley Orgánica de Tierras Rurales y Territorios

Ancestrales (Organic Law of Rural Lands and

Ancestral Territories), Official Gazette Supplement

711, 14 March 2016 (last reform

on 25 March 2022), Preliminary Title.

Reglamento a Ley Orgánica de Tierras Rurales y

Territorios Ancestrales (Regulation to the Organic

Law of Rural Lands and Ancestral Territories),

Official Gazette Supplement 920, 11 January 2017

(last reform on 19 May 2022), Preliminary Title,

Chapter II (General Rules).

Description: Investment

Foreign persons may not acquire land or

concessions in protected areas by any title.

Annex I - ECUADOR-4

Foreign persons are prohibited from possessing,

acquiring and be granted land in security zones.

Foreign public companies require authorization

from the national agrarian authority to acquire, lease

or take in usufruct, rural land in the national

territory for agricultural production projects. The

participation of foreign public companies in

agrarian projects of national interest with national

public companies, mixed economy companies,

private natural or legal persons, communities or

community companies, is possible as long as they

maintain ownership of the land.

Annex I - ECUADOR-5

2. Sector: Strategic Sectors and Public Services

Sub-Sector:

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Article 15.6 and 16.3)

Senior Management and Boards of Directors

(Article 15.13)

Market Access (Article 16.5)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: As set out in the Description element

Description: Investment and Cross-Border Trade in Services

1. Consistent with Articles 313, 314, 315 and

316 of the Constitución de la República del

Ecuador (Constitution of the Republic of

Ecuador), Ecuador may take the following

measures:

(a) guarantee a preferential right to a

State-Owned Enterprise to manage

strategic sectors or provide public

services; or

(b) delegate the management of strategic

sectors and the provision of public

services to an enterprise in which

Ecuador and private capital

participate jointly (Empresa

Mixta); and

(c) in the case of paragraph (b), Ecuador

must hold at least a 51% interest in

the jointly established enterprise.

2. For the purposes of this reservation, “public

services” means services for drinking water,

irrigation, sanitation, roads, port and airport

infrastructures; and “strategic sectors”

means sectors concerning energy in all its

forms, non-renewable natural resources, and

the transportation and refining of

hydrocarbons and water.

Annex I - ECUADOR-6

3. Sector: Artisanal Fishery

Sub-Sector:

Obligations Concerned: National Treatment (Articles 15.6)

Level of Government: Central

Measures: Ley Orgánica para el Desarrollo de la Acuicultura

y Pesca (Organic Law for the Development of

Aquaculture and Fisheries), Official Gazette

Supplement 187, 21 April 2020 (last reform on

8 May 2023), Preliminary Title, Chapter I (General

Provisions), Title IV (Of the fisheries sector),

Previous page Page 38 Next page
  • Chapter   1 INITIAL PROVISIONS AND GENERAL DEFINITIONS 1
  • Section   A Initial Provisions 1
  • Article   1.1 Establishment of a Free Trade Area 1
  • Article   1.2 Relation to other Agreements 1
  • Article   1.3 Reference to other Agreements 1
  • Article   1.4 Reference to Laws 1
  • Article   1.5 Extent of Obligations 1
  • Article   1.6 Delegated Authority 1
  • Section   B General Definitions 1
  • Article   1.7 General Definitions 1
  • Article   1.8 Country-Specific Definitions 1
  • Chapter   2 NATIONAL TREATMENT AND MARKET ACCESS FOR GOODS 1
  • Section   A Definitions and Scope 1
  • Article   2.1 Definitions 1
  • Article   2.2 Scope 1
  • Section   B National Treatment and Market Access for Goods 1
  • Article   2.3 National Treatment 1
  • Article   2.4 Classification of Goods 2
  • Article   2.5 Reduction or Elimination of Customs Duties on Imports 2
  • Article   2.6 Waiver of Customs Duties 2
  • Article   2.7 Import and Export Restrictions 2
  • Article   2.18 Import Licensing 2
  • Article   2.9 Export Licensing 2
  • Article   2.10 Administrative Fees and Formalities 2
  • Article   2.11 Exchange of Data for Preference Utilization 2
  • Article   2.12 State Trading Enterprises 2
  • Section   C Institutional Provisions 2
  • Article   2.13 Committee on Trade In Goods 2
  • Section   D Agriculture 2
  • Article   2.14 Definitions 2
  • Article   2.15 Scope 2
  • Article   2.16 Export Restrictions – Food Security 2
  • Article   2.17 Export Competition 2
  • Article   2.18 The Andean Price Band System 2
  • Article   2.19 Sub-Committee on Agriculture 2
  • Chapter   3 RULES OF ORIGIN 2
  • Article   3.1 Definitions 2
  • Article   3.2 Originating Goods 3
  • Article   3.3 Wholly Obtained or Produced Goods 3
  • Article   3.4 Regional Value Content 3
  • Article   3.5 Accumulation 3
  • Article   3.6 Materials Used In Production 3
  • Article   3.7 De Minimis 3
  • Article   3.8 Treatment of Recovered Materials Used In Production of a Remanufactured Good 3
  • Article   3.9 Fungible Goods and Materials 3
  • Article   3.10 Indirect Materials 3
  • Article   3.11 Accessories, Spare Parts, Tools, and Instructional or other Information Materials 3
  • Article   3.12 Packaging Materials and Containers for Retail Sale 3
  • Article   3.13 Packing Materials and Containers for Shipment 3
  • Article   3.14 Transit and Transhipment 3
  • Article   3.15 Non-Qualifying Operations 3
  • Chapter   4 ORIGIN PROCEDURES 3
  • Article   4.1 Definitions 3
  • Article   4.2 Claims for Preferential Tariff Treatment 3
  • Article   4.3 Basis of a Certificate of Origin 4
  • Article   4.4 Discrepancies and Minor Errors 4
  • Article   4.5 Waiver of Certificate of Origin 4
  • Article   4.6 Obligations Relating to Importation 4
  • Article   4.7 Obligations Relating to Exportation 4
  • Article   4.8 Record Keeping Requirements 4
  • Article   4.9 Verification of Origin 4
  • Article   4.10 Determinations on Claims for Preferential Tariff Treatment 4
  • Article   4.11 Refunds 4
  • Article   4.12 Penalties 4
  • Article   4.13 Advance Rulings Relating to Origin 4
  • Article   4.14 Review and Appeal 4
  • Article   4.15 Confidentiality 4
  • Article   4.16 Cooperation 4
  • Article   4.17 Committee on Rules of Origin and Origin Procedures 4
  • Chapter   5 CUSTOMS AND TRADE FACILITATION 5
  • Article   5.1 General Objectives and Principles 5
  • Article   5.2 Online Publications 5
  • Article   5.3 Enquiry Points 5
  • Article   5.4 Consulting Traders 5
  • Article   5.5 Advance Rulings 5
  • Article   5.6 Release of Goods 5
  • Article   5.7 Perishable Goods (1) 5
  • Article   5.8 Express Shipments 5
  • Article   5.9 Single Window 5
  • Article   5.10 Risk Management 5
  • Article   5.11 Consistency 5
  • Article   5.12 Customs Valuation of Goods 5
  • Article   5.13 Post-Clearance Audit 5
  • Article   5.14 Penalties 5
  • Article   5.15 Review and Appeal 5
  • Article   5.16 Protection of Trader Information 5
  • Article   5.17 Standards of Conduct 5
  • Article   5.18 Customs Cooperation 5
  • Article   5.19 Authorized Economic Operators 5
  • Article   5.20 Committee on Trade Facilitation 5
  • Chapter   6 SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES 6
  • Article   6.1 Definitions 6
  • Article   6.2 Objectives 6
  • Article   6.3 Scope 6
  • Article   6.4 General Provisions 6
  • Article   6.5 Science and Risk Analysis 6
  • Article   6.6 Equivalence 6
  • Article   6.7 Adaptation to Regional Conditions, Including Pest - or Disease - Free Areas and Areas of Low Pest or Disease Prevalence 6
  • Article   6.8 Transparency 6
  • Article   6.9 Emergency Measures 6
  • Article   6.10 Import Checks 6
  • Article   6.11 Audits 6
  • Article   6.12 Certification 6
  • Article   6.13 Approval Procedures for Import Maximum Residue Limits for Plant Protection Products 6
  • Article   6.14 Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 6
  • Article   6.15 Technical Consultations 7
  • Article   6.16 Competent Authorities and Contact Points 7
  • Chapter   7 TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE 7
  • Article   7.1 Definitions 7
  • Article   7.2 Scope 7
  • Article   7.3 Incorporation of the TBT Agreement 7
  • Article   7.4 International Standards, Guides and Recommendations 7
  • Article   7.5 Technical Regulations 7
  • Article   7.6 Gender Responsive Technical Regulations and Standards 7
  • Article   7.7 Conformity Assessment 7
  • Article   7.8 Transparency 7
  • Article   7.9 Compliance Period for Technical Regulations and Conformity Assessment Procedures 7
  • Article   7.10 Information Exchange and Technical Discussions 7
  • Article   7.11 Cooperation 7
  • Article   7.12 Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade 8
  • Article   7.13 Contact Points 8
  • Chapter   8 EMERGENCY ACTION 8
  • Article   8.1 Definitions 8
  • Article   8.2 Coordination of Safeguard Measures 8
  • Article   8.3 Application of a Bilateral Emergency Action 8
  • Article   8.4 Notification and Consultations 8
  • Article   8.5 Standards for Emergency Action 8
  • Article   8.6 Compensation 8
  • Article   8.7 Administration of Emergency Action Proceedings 8
  • Chapter   9 COMPETITION POLICY 8
  • Article   9.1 Definitions 8
  • Article   9.2 Objectives 8
  • Article   9.3 Competition Laws and Authorities 8
  • Article   9.4 Procedural Fairness In Competition Law Enforcement 8
  • Article   9.5 Transparency 8
  • Article   9.6 Confidentiality 8
  • Article   9.7 Consumer Protection 8
  • Article   9.8 Cooperation In Competition and Consumer Protection 8
  • Article   9.9 Consultations 8
  • Article   9.10 Non-Application of Dispute Settlement 9
  • Chapter   10 STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES AND DESIGNATED MONOPOLIES 9
  • Article   10.1 Definitions 9
  • Article   10.2 Scope 9
  • Article   10.3 Non-discriminatory Treatment and Commercial Considerations 9
  • Article   10.4 Courts and Administrative Bodies 9
  • Article   10.5 Adverse Effects 9
  • Article   10.6 Injury 9
  • Article   10.7 Transparency 9
  • Article   10.8 Technical Cooperation 10
  • Article   10.9 Contact Points 10
  • Article   10.10 Party-Specific Annexes 10
  • Article   10.11 Exceptions 10
  • Article   10.12 Process for Developing Information 10
  • Chapter   11 GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT 10
  • Chapter   12 ENVIRONMENT 12
  • Chapter   13 LABOUR 14
  • Chapter   14 TRANSPARENCY, ANTI-CORRUPTION AND RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS CONDUCT 15
  • Chapter   15 INVESTMENT 15
  • Section   A Definitions 16
  • Article   15.1 Definitions 16
  • Section   B Investment Protections 16
  • Article   15.2 Scope 16
  • Article   15.3 Relation to other Chapters 16
  • Article   15.4 Right to Regulate 16
  • Article   15.5 Non-Derogation 16
  • Article   15.6 National Treatment 16
  • Article   15.7 Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment 16
  • Article   15.8 Treatment In Case of Armed Conflict, Civil Strife or Natural Disaster 16
  • Article   15.9 Minimum Standard of Treatment 16
  • Article   15.10 Expropriation 16
  • Article   15.11 Transfer of Funds 16
  • Article   15.12 Performance Requirements 16
  • Article   15.13 Senior Management and Boards of Directors 17
  • Article   15.14 Subrogation 17
  • Article   15.15 Responsible Business Conduct 17
  • Article   15.16 Denial of Benefits 17
  • Article   15.17 Special Formalities and Information Requirements 17
  • Section   C Reservations, Exceptions, Exclusions 17
  • Article   15.18 Non-Conforming Measures 17
  • Article   15.19 Article 15.19: Exclusions 17
  • Section   D Investor-State Dispute Settlement 17
  • Article   15.20 Scope and Purpose 17
  • Article   15.21 Request for Consultations 17
  • Article   15.22 Mediation 17
  • Article   15.23 Submission of a Claim to Arbitration 17
  • Article   15.24 Consent to Arbitration 17
  • Article   15.25 Discontinuance 17
  • Article   15.26 Arbitrators 17
  • Article   15.27 Applicable Law and Interpretation 17
  • Article   15.28 Preliminary Objections 17
  • Article   15.29 Consolidation 17
  • Article   15.30 Seat of Arbitration 17
  • Article   15.31 Transparency of Proceedings 18
  • Article   15.32 Participation of the Non-Disputing Party 18
  • Article   15.33 Expert Reports 18
  • Article   15.34 Interim Measures of Protection 18
  • Article   15.35 Final Award 18
  • Article   15.36 Finality and Enforcement of an Award 18
  • Article   15.37 Third-Party Funding 18
  • Article   15.38 Service of Documents 18
  • Article   15.39 Receipts Under Insurance or Guarantee Contracts 18
  • Article   15.40 Establishment of a First Instance Investment Tribunal or an Appellate Mechanism for Investor-State Dispute Settlement 18
  • Article   15.41 Committee on Investment 18
  • Section   E Expedited Arbitration 18
  • Article   15.42 Consent to Expedited Arbitration 18
  • Article   15.43 Mediation 18
  • Article   15.44 Constitution of the Tribunal 18
  • Article   15.45 First Session In Expedited Arbitration 18
  • Article   15.46 Procedural Schedule for Expedited Arbitration 18
  • Article   15.47 Consolidation 18
  • Annex 15-A  Exclusions from Dispute Settlement 18
  • Annex 15-B  Arbitration Rules 18
  • Section   I Introductory Rules 18
  • Section   II Composition of the Tribunal 18
  • Section   III Arbitral Proceedings 19
  • Section   IV The Award 19
  • Annex 15-C  Arbitrator Code of Conduct for Investor-State Dispute Settlement (Code of Conduct) 19
  • Appendix 15-C.1  Appendix to the Arbitrator Code of Conduct for Investor-State Dispute Settlement: Initial Disclosure Statement Form 20
  • Chapter   16 CROSS-BORDER TRADE IN SERVICES 20
  • Chapter   17 DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF MEASURES 21
  • Chapter   18 FINANCIAL SERVICES 22
  • Chapter   19 TEMPORARY MOVEMENT OF BUSINESS PERSONS 24
  • Chapter   20 TELECOMMUNICATIONS 25
  • Chapter   21 DIGITAL TRADE 26
  • Article   21.1 Definitions 26
  • Article   21.2 Scope 27
  • Article   21.3 Access to and Use of the Internet for Digital Trade 27
  • Article   21.4 Domestic Electronic Transactions Framework 27
  • Article   21.5 Electronic Authentication and Electronic Signatures 27
  • Article   21.6 Online Consumer Protection 27
  • Article   21.7 Personal Data Protection 27
  • Article   21.8 Unsolicited Commercial Electronic Messages 27
  • Article   21.9 Prohibition of Customs Duties on Digital Products Transmitted Electronically 27
  • Article   21.10 Non-Discriminatory Treatment of Digital Products 27
  • Article   21.11 Cross-Border Transfer of Information by Electronic Means 27
  • Article   21.12 Location of Computing Facilities 27
  • Article   21.13 Source Code 27
  • Article   21.14 Open Government Data 27
  • Article   21.15 Digital Inclusion 27
  • Chapter   22 TRADE AND GENDER EQUALITY 27
  • Chapter   23 SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES 28
  • Chapter   24 TRADE AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES 29
  • Chapter   25 GOOD REGULATORY PRACTICES 29
  • Chapter   26 ADMINISTRATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS 30
  • Chapter   27 DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 31
  • Chapter   28 EXCEPTIONS AND GENERAL PROVISIONS 34
  • Section   A Exceptions 34
  • Article   28.1 General Exceptions 34
  • Article   28.2 Security Exceptions 34
  • Article   28.3 Taxation 34
  • Article   28.4 Cultural Industries 34
  • Article   28.5 Balance of Payments 34
  • Article   28.6 Indigenous Peoples Rights 34
  • Article   28.7 WTO Waivers 34
  • Section   B General Provisions 34
  • Article   28.8 Disclosure of Information 34
  • Chapter   29 FINAL PROVISIONS 35
  • Article   29.1 Integral Parts of this Agreement 35
  • Article   29.2 Amendments 35
  • Article   29.3 Entry Into Force 35
  • Article   29.4 Termination 35
  • Article   29.5 Authentic Texts 35
  • Annex I  35
  • Annex I  38
  • Annex II  44
  • Annex II  46
  • Annex III  52
  • Annex IV  53
    • Name
    Canada - Ecuador FTA (2026)
    PDF Link
    Canada - Ecuador FTA (2026)
    Signed date
    24 / Jul / 2026
    Treaty type
    Other International Investment Agreements
    Origin language
    en
    Party ISO codes
    CAN,ECU
    Relationship with other documents
    Type Agreements Date of signature Date of entry in force
    IT_OVERLAP Andean Community - Canada Trade and Investment Cooperation Arrangement (1999) 31 / May / 1999 31 / May / 1999
    IT_OVERLAP Investment Facilitation for Development (2024)
    IT_OVERLAP Canada - Ecuador BIT (1996) 29 / Apr / 1996 06 / Jun / 1997
    PDF
    PDF
    Original PDF
    Original PDF