Colombia - Korea, Republic of FTA (2013)
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Notice of Planned Procurement

3. Each Party shall encourage its procuring entities to publish, prior to or as early as possible in each fiscal year, a notice regarding their procurement plans for that fiscal year. The notice should, at a minimum, include the subject-matter of the procurement and the planned date of the publication of the notice of the intended procurement.

Article 14.6. Conditions for Participation

1. A procuring entity shall limit any conditions for participation in a procurement to those that are essential to ensure that a supplier has the legal, commercial, technical, and financial abilities to undertake the relevant procurement.

2. In assessing whether a supplier satisfies the conditions for participation, a procuring entity:

(a) shall evaluate the financial, commercial, and technical abilities of a supplier on the basis of that supplier's business activities both inside and outside the territory of the Party of the procuring entity;

(b) shall base its evaluation solely on the conditions that a procuring entity has specified in advance in notices or tender documentation;

(c) shall not impose the condition that, in order for a supplier to participate in a procurement or be awarded a contract, the supplier has previously been awarded one or more contracts by a procuring entity of that Party or that the supplier has prior work experience in the territory of that Party; and

(d) may require prior experience where essential to meet the requirements of the procurement.

3. Where there is supporting evidence, a Party, including its procuring entities, may exclude a supplier on grounds such as:

(a) bankruptcy;

(b) false declarations;

(c) significant or persistent deficiencies in performance of any substantive requirement or obligation under a prior contract or contracts;

(d) final judgments in respect of serious crimes or other serious offences;

(e) professional misconduct or acts or omissions that adversely reflect on the commercial integrity of the supplier; or

(f) failure to pay taxes.

Article 14.7. Registration and Qualification of Suppliers

Registration Systems and Qualification Procedures

1. Where a Party, including its procuring entities, requires suppliers to register or prequalify before being permitted to participate in a covered procurement, that Party, including its procuring entities, shall ensure that a notice inviting suppliers to apply for registration or pre-qualification is published in adequate time to enable interested suppliers to initiate and, to the extent that it is compatible with the efficient operation of the procurement process, complete the registration and/or qualification procedures.

Selective Tendering

2. Where a Party's law allows the use of selective tendering procedures, a procuring entity shall, for each intended procurement:

(a) publish a notice inviting suppliers to apply for participation in the procurement sufficiently in advance to provide interested suppliers with time to prepare and submit applications and to enable the entity to evaluate, and make its determinations based on, such applications; and

(b) allow all domestic suppliers and suppliers of the other Party that the entity has determined satisfy the conditions for participation to submit a tender, unless the entity has stated in the notice of intended procurement or, where publicly available, the tender documentation a limitation on the number of suppliers that will be permitted to tender and the criteria for such a limitation.

Multi-Use Lists

3. A procuring entity may establish a multi-use list, provided that the entity annually publishes or otherwise makes available continuously in an electronic form a notice inviting interested suppliers to apply for inclusion on the list. The notice shall include:

(a) a description of the goods or services, or categories thereof, for which the list may be used;

(b) the conditions for participation to be satisfied by suppliers for inclusion on the list and the methods that the procuring entity will use to verify a supplier's satisfaction of the conditions;

(c) the name and address of the procuring entity and other information necessary to contact the entity and obtain all relevant documents relating to the list;

(d) the period of validity of the list and the means for its renewal or termination, or where the period of validity is not provided, an indication of the method by which notice will be given of the termination of use of the list; and

(e) an indication that the list may be used for procurement covered by this Chapter.

4. A procuring entity shall allow suppliers to apply for inclusion on a multi-use list and shall include on the list all qualified suppliers within a reasonably short time.

Article 14.8. Time-period

1. A procuring entity shall provide suppliers with sufficient time to submit applications to participate in a procurement, and to prepare and submit responsive tenders, taking into account the nature and complexity of the procurement.

2. A procuring entity that uses selective tendering shall establish that the final date for the submission of requests for participation shall not, in principle, be less than 25 days from the date of publication of the notice of intended procurement. Where a state of urgency duly substantiated by the procuring entity renders this time-period impracticable, the time-period may be reduced to not less than 10 days.

3. Except as provided for in paragraphs 4 and 5, a procuring entity shall establish that the final date for the submission of tenders shall not be less than 40 days from the date on which:

(a) in the case of open tendering, the notice of intended procurement is published; or

(b) in the case of selective tendering, the entity notifies suppliers that they will be invited to submit tenders, whether or not it uses a multi-use list.

4. A procuring entity may reduce the time-period for tendering set out in paragraph 3 to not less than 10 days where:

(a) the procuring entity has published a notice in an electronic medium listed in Section K of Annex 14-A, containing the information specified in Article 14.5.3 at least 40 days and not more than 12 months in advance;

(b) in the case of the second or subsequent publication of notices for procurement of a recurring nature; or

(c) a state of urgency duly substantiated by the procuring entity renders such time-period impracticable.

5. A procuring entity may reduce the time-period for tendering set out in paragraph 3 by five days for each one of the following circumstances:

(a) the notice of intended procurement is published by electronic means;

(b) all the tender documentation is made available by electronic means from the date of the publication of the notice of intended procurement; and

(c) the tenders can be received by electronic means by the procuring entity.

6. The use of paragraph 5, in conjunction with paragraph 4, shall in no case result in the reduction of the time-period for tendering set out in paragraph 3 to less than 10 days from the date on which the notice of intended procurement is published.

7. Notwithstanding any other time-period in this Article, where a procuring entity purchases commercial goods or services, it may reduce the time-period for tendering set out in paragraph 3 to not less than 13 days, provided that it publishes by electronic means, at the same time, both the notice of intended procurement and the tender documentation. In addition, where the entity accepts tenders for commercial goods or services by electronic means, it may reduce the time-period set out in paragraph 3 to not less than 10 days.

8. Where a procuring entity in Annex 14-A has selected all or a limited number of qualified suppliers, the time-period for tendering may be fixed by mutual agreement between the procuring entity and the selected suppliers. In the absence of agreement, the period shall not be less than 10 days.

Article 14.9. Information on Intended Procurement

Tender Documentation

1. A procuring entity shall promptly provide, upon request, to any supplier interested in participating in a procurement tender documentation that includes all information necessary to permit suppliers to prepare and submit responsive tenders.

2. Unless already provided in the notice of intended procurement, such documentation shall include a complete description of:

(a) the procurement, including the nature and the quantity of the goods or services to be procured or, where the quantity is not known, the estimated quantity and any requirements to be fulfilled, including any technical specifications, conformity assessment certification, plans, drawings, or instructional materials;

(b) any conditions for participation of suppliers, including any financial guarantees, information, and documents that suppliers are required to submit;

(c) all evaluation criteria to be considered in the awarding of the contract, and, except where price is the sole criterion, the relative importance of such criteria;

(d) where the procuring entity will hold an electronic auction, the rules, including identification of the elements of the tender related to the evaluation criteria, on which the auction will be conducted;

(e) where there will be a public opening of tenders, the date, time, and place for the opening of tenders and, where appropriate, the persons authorized to be present;

(f) any other terms or conditions, including terms of payment and any limitation on the means by which tenders may be submitted, such as whether on paper or by electronic means; and

(g) any dates for the delivery of goods or the supply of services.

3. A procuring entity shall promptly reply to any reasonable request for relevant information by any interested or participating supplier, provided that such information does not give that supplier an advantage over other suppliers.

4. If, in tendering procedures, a procuring entity allows tenders to be submitted in several languages, one of those languages shall be English. 

Technical Specifications

5. A procuring entity shall not prepare, adopt, or apply any technical specification or prescribe any conformity assessment procedure with the purpose or the effect of creating unnecessary obstacles to trade between the Parties.

6. In prescribing the technical specifications for the goods or services being procured, a procuring entity shall, where appropriate:

(a) specify the technical specification in terms of performance and functional requirements, rather than design or descriptive characteristics; and

(b) base the technical specification on international standards, where such exist and are applicable to the procuring entity, except where the use of an international standard would fail to meet the entity's program requirements or would impose a greater burden than the use of a recognized national standard.

7. Where design or descriptive characteristics are used in the technical specifications, a procuring entity shall indicate, where appropriate, that it will consider tenders of equivalent goods or services that demonstrably fulfill the requirements of the procurement by including words such as "or equivalent" in the tender documentation.

8. A procuring entity shall not prescribe technical specifications that require or refer to a particular trademark or trade name, patent, copyright, design, type, specific origin, producer, or supplier, unless there is no other sufficiently precise or intelligible way of describing the procurement requirements and provided that, in such cases, the entity includes words such as "or equivalent" in the tender documentation.

9. A procuring entity shall not seek or accept, in a manner that would have the effect of precluding competition, advice that may be used in the preparation or adoption of any technical specification for a specific procurement from a person that may have a commercial interest in the procurement.

10. For greater certainty, a procuring entity may, in accordance with this Article, prepare, adopt, or apply technical specifications to promote the conservation of natural resources or protect the environment. Modifications

11. Where, prior to the award of a contract, a procuring entity modifies the criteria or technical requirements set out in a notice or tender documentation provided to participating suppliers, or amends or reissues a notice or tender documentation, it shall transmit in writing all such modifications or amended or re-issued notice or tender documentation:

(a) to all the suppliers that are participating at the time of the modification, amendment, or re-issuance, if the identities of such suppliers are known, and, in all other cases, in the same manner that the original information was transmitted; and

(b) in adequate time to allow such suppliers to modify and re-submit amended tenders, as appropriate.

Article 14.10. Limited Tendering

1. Provided that it does not use this provision for the purpose of avoiding competition among suppliers or in a manner that discriminates against suppliers of the other Party or protects domestic suppliers, a procuring entity may use limited tendering and may choose not to apply Articles 14.5, 14.6, 14.7, 14.8, 14.9.1 through 14.9.4, 14.11, and 14.12 only under any of the following circumstances:

(a) provided that the requirements of the tender documentation are not substantially modified, where:

(i) no tenders were submitted or no suppliers requested participation;

(ii) no tenders that conform to the essential requirements of the tender documentation were submitted;

(iii) no suppliers satisfied the conditions for participation; or

(iv) the tenders submitted have been collusive;

(b) where the goods or services can be supplied only by a particular supplier and no reasonable alternative or substitute goods or services exist for any of the following reasons:

(i) the requirement is for a work of art;

(ii) the protection of patents, copyrights, or other exclusive rights; or

(iii) due to an absence of competition for technical reasons;

(c) for additional deliveries by the original supplier of goods or services that were not included in the initial procurement, where a change of supplier for such additional goods or services:

(i) cannot be made for economic or technical reasons such as requirements of interchangeability or interoperability with existing equipment, software, services, or installations procured under the initial procurement; and

(ii) would cause significant inconvenience or substantial duplication of costs for the procuring entity;

(d) insofar as is strictly necessary where, for reasons of extreme urgency brought about by events unforeseeable by the procuring entity, the goods or services could not be obtained in time using open tendering or selective tendering;

(e) for goods purchased on a commodity market;

(f) where a procuring entity procures a prototype or a first good or service that is developed at its request in the course of, and for, a particular contract for research, experiment, study, or original development. When such a contract has been fulfilled, subsequent procurements of goods or services shall be subject to a procedure consistent with this Chapter;

(g) for purchases made under exceptionally advantageous conditions that only arise in the very short term in the case of unusual disposals such as those arising from liquidation, receivership, or bankruptcy, but not for routine purchases from regular suppliers;

(h) where a contract is awarded to a winner of a design contest, provided that:

(i) the contest has been organized in a manner that is consistent with the principles of this Chapter, in particular relating to the publication of a notice of intended procurement; and

(ii) the participants are judged by an independent jury with a view to a design contract being awarded to a winner; or

(i) where additional construction services, which were not included in the initial contract but were within the objectives of the original tender documentation have, due to unforeseen circumstances, become necessary to complete the construction services described therein. In such cases, the total value of contracts awarded for additional construction services may not exceed 50 percent of the amount of the initial contract.

2. For each contract awarded under paragraph 1, a procuring entity shall prepare a written report that includes: (a) the name of the procuring entity;

(b) the value and kind of goods or services procured; and

(c) a statement indicating the circumstances and conditions described in paragraph 1 that justified the use of limited tendering.

Article 14.11. Electronic Auctions

Where a procuring entity intends to conduct a covered procurement using an electronic auction, the entity shall provide each participant, before commencing the electronic auction, with:

(a) the automatic evaluation method, including the mathematical formula, that is based on the evaluation criteria set out in the tender documentation and that will be used in the automatic ranking or re-ranking during the auction;

(b) the results of any initial evaluation of the elements of its tender where the contract is to be awarded on the basis of the most advantageous tender; and

(c) any other relevant information relating to the conduct of the auction.

Article 14.12. Treatment of Tenders and Awarding of Contracts

Receipt and Opening of Tenders

1. A procuring entity shall receive, open, and treat all tenders under procedures that guarantee the fairness and impartiality of the procurement process.

2. A procuring entity shall treat all tenders in confidence until at least the opening of the tenders. In particular, the procuring entity shall not provide information to particular suppliers that might prejudice fair competition between suppliers.

3. A procuring entity shall not penalise any supplier whose tender is received after the time specified for receiving tenders if the delay is due solely to mishandling on the part of the procuring entity.

4. Where a procuring entity provides suppliers with an opportunity to correct unintentional errors of form between the opening of tenders and the awarding of the contract, the procuring entity shall provide the same opportunity to all participating suppliers.

Awarding of Contracts

5. A procuring entity shall require that, in order to be considered for an award, a tender shall be submitted in writing and shall, at the time of opening, comply with the essential requirements set out in the notices and tender documentation and be from a supplier that satisfies the conditions for participation.

6. Unless a procuring entity determines that it is not in the public interest to award a contract, the entity shall award the contract to the supplier that the entity has determined to be capable of fulfilling the terms of the contract and that, based solely on the evaluation criteria specified in the notices and tender documentation, has submitted:

(a) the most advantageous tender; or

(b) where price is the sole criterion, the lowest price.

7. Where a procuring entity receives a tender with a price that is abnormally lower than the prices in other tenders submitted, it may verify with the supplier that it satisfies the conditions for participation and is capable of fulfilling the terms of the contract.

8. A procuring entity may not cancel a procurement, or terminate or modify awarded contracts in a manner that circumvents this Chapter.

Article 14.13. Post-award Information

1. A procuring entity shall promptly inform suppliers that have submitted tenders of its contract award decisions. A procuring entity shall, upon request, provide an unsuccessful supplier with the reasons that the entity did not select that supplier's tender and the relative advantages of the successful supplier's tender.

2. No later than 72 days after the award of each contract covered by this Chapter, a procuring entity shall publish a notice in the appropriate paper or electronic medium listed in Section K of Annex 14-A. Where the entity publishes the notice only in an electronic medium, the information shall remain readily accessible for a reasonable period of time. The notice shall include at least the following information:

(a) a description of the goods or services procured;

(b) the name and address of the procuring entity;

(c) the name and address of the successful supplier;

(d) the value of the successful tender;

(e) the date of award or the contract date; and

(f) the type of procurement method used, and, in cases where limited tendering was used in accordance with Article 14.10, a description of the circumstances justifying the use of limited tendering.

3. Each procuring entity shall, for a period of at least three years from the date it awards a contract, maintain:

(a) the documentation and reports of tendering procedures and contract awards relating to covered procurement, including the reports required under Article 14.10; and

(b) data that ensure the appropriate traceability of the conduct of covered procurement by electronic means.

Article 14.14. Domestic Review Procedures

1. Each Party shall provide a timely, effective, transparent, and non-discriminatory administrative or judicial review procedure through which a supplier may challenge:

(a) a breach of the Chapter; or

(b) where the supplier does not have a right to challenge directly a breach of the Chapter under the laws of a Party, a failure to comply with a Party's measures implementing this Chapter, arising in the context of a covered procurement.

2. In the event of a complaint by a supplier, arising in the context of covered procurement in which the supplier has, or has had, an interest, that there has been a breach or a failure as referred to in paragraph 1, the Party of the procuring entity conducting the procurement shall encourage the entity and the supplier to seek resolution of the complaint through consultations. The entity shall accord impartial and timely consideration to any such complaint in a manner that is not prejudicial to the supplier's participation in ongoing or future procurement or its right to seek corrective measures under the administrative or judicial review procedure.

3. Each supplier shall be allowed a sufficient period of time to prepare and submit a challenge, which in no case shall be less than 10 days from the time when the basis of the challenge became known or reasonably should have become known to the supplier.

4. Each Party shall maintain at least one impartial administrative or judicial authority that is independent of its procuring entities to receive and review, in a timely, effective, transparent, and non-discriminatory manner, a challenge that a supplier of a Party submits, in accordance with the Party's law relating to a covered procurement.

5. Where a body other than an authority referred to in paragraph 4 initially reviews a challenge, the Party shall ensure that the supplier may appeal the initial decision to an impartial administrative or judicial authority that is independent of the procuring entity whose procurement is the subject of the challenge.

6. Each Party shall ensure that a review body that is not a court shall have its decision subject to judicial review or have procedures that provide that:

(a) the procuring entity shall respond in writing to the challenge and disclose all relevant documents to the review body;

(b) the participants to the proceedings (hereinafter referred to as "participants") shall have the right to be heard prior to a decision of the review body being made on the challenge;

(c) the participants shall have the right to be represented and accompanied;

(d) the participants shall have access to all proceedings;

(e) the participants shall have the right to request that the proceedings take place in public and that witnesses may be presented; and

(f) decisions or recommendations by the review body relating to supplier challenges shall be provided, in a timely fashion, in writing, with an explanation of the basis for each decision or recommendation.

7. Each Party shall adopt or maintain procedures that provide for:

(a) rapid interim measures to preserve the supplier's opportunity to participate in the procurement. Such interim measures may result in suspension of the procurement process. The procedures may provide that overriding adverse consequences for the interests concerned, including the public interest, may be taken into account when deciding whether such measures should be applied. Just cause for not acting shall be provided in writing; and

(b) where a review body has determined that there has been a breach or a failure as referred to in paragraph 1, corrective action or compensation for the loss or damages suffered, which may be limited to either the costs for the preparation of the tender or the costs relating to the challenge, or both.

Article 14.15. Rectifications and Modifications to Coverage

1. A Party may make a rectification of a purely formal nature to its coverage under this Chapter, or a minor amendment to its Schedules in Annex 14-A, provided that it notifies the other Party in writing and the other Party does not object in writing within 30 days of the receipt of the notification. A Party that makes such a rectification or minor amendment need not provide compensatory adjustments to the other Party.

2. A Party may otherwise modify its coverage under this Chapter, provided that: (a) it notifies the other Party in writing and simultaneously offers acceptable compensatory adjustments to the other Party to maintain a level of coverage comparable to that existing prior to the modification, where necessary; and (b) the other Party does not object in writing within 30 days of the receipt of the notification.

3. A Party need not provide compensatory adjustments in those circumstances where the Parties agree that the proposed modification covers a procuring entity over which a Party has effectively eliminated its control or influence. Where a Party objects to the assertion that such government control or influence has been effectively eliminated, the objecting Party may request further information or consultations with a view to clarifying the nature of any government control or influence and reaching agreement on the procuring entity's continued coverage under this Chapter.

  • Chapter   One Initial Provisions and General Definitions 1
  • Article   1.1 Establishment of a Free Trade Area 1
  • Article   1.2 Relation to other Agreements 1
  • Article   1.3 Definitions 1
  • Chapter   Two National Treatment and Market Access for Goods 1
  • Article   2.1 Scope 1
  • Section   A National Treatment 1
  • Article   2.2 National Treatment 1
  • Section   B Elimination of Customs Duties 1
  • Article   2.3 Elimination of Customs Duties 1
  • Section   C Special Regimes 1
  • Article   2.4 Waiver of Customs Duties 1
  • Article   2.5 Temporary Admission of Goods 1
  • Article   2.6 Goods Re-entered after Repair or Alteration 1
  • Article   2.7 Duty-free Entry of Commercial Samples of Negligible Value and Printed Advertising Materials 1
  • Section   C Non-Tariff Measures 1
  • Article   2.8 Import and Export Restrictions 1
  • Article   2.9 Import Licensing 1
  • Article   2.10 Administrative Fees and Formalities 1
  • Article   2.11 Export Duties, Taxes, or other Charges 1
  • Article   2.12 State Trading Enterprises 2
  • Section   E Other Measures 2
  • Article   2.13 Agricultural Safeguard Measures 2
  • Article   214 Agricultural Export Subsidies 2
  • Article   2.15 Andean Price Band System 2
  • Section   F Institutional Provisions 2
  • Article   2.16 Committee on Trade In Goods 2
  • Section   G Definitions 2
  • Article   2.17 Definitions 2
  • Chapter   Three Rules of Origin and Origin Procedures 2
  • Section   A Rules of Origin 2
  • Article   3.1 Originating Goods 2
  • Article   3.2 Wholly Obtained or Produced Goods 2
  • Article   3.3 Regional Value Content 2
  • Article   3.4 Value of Materials 2
  • Article   3.5 Intermediate Goods 2
  • Article   3.6 Accumulation 2
  • Article   3.7 De Minimis 2
  • Article   3.8 Fungible Goods 2
  • Article   3.9 Accessories, Spare Parts, and Tools 2
  • Article   3.10 Sets of Goods 2
  • Article   3.11 Packaging Materials and Containers for Retail Sale 3
  • Article   3.12 Packing Materials and Containers for Shipment 3
  • Article   3.13 Indirect Materials 3
  • Article   3.14 Non-qualifying Operation 3
  • Article   3.15 Direct Transport 3
  • Article   3.16 Principle of Territoriality 3
  • Article   3.17 Consultation and Modification 3
  • Section   B Origin Procedures 3
  • Article   3.18 Certificate of Origin 3
  • Article   31.9 Claims for Preferential Tariff Treatment 3
  • Article   3.20 Post-importation Claims for Preferential Tariff Treatment 3
  • Article   3.21 Waiver of Certificate of Origin 3
  • Article   3.22 Obligations Regarding Exportations 3
  • Article   3.23 Record Keeping Requirements 3
  • Article   3.24 Discrepancies and Formal Errors 3
  • Article   3.25 Origin Verification 3
  • Article   3.26 Denial of Preferential Tariff Treatment 3
  • Article   3.27 Non-party Invoices 3
  • Article   3.28 Uniform Regulations 3
  • Article   3.29 Penalties 3
  • Article   3.30 Definitions 3
  • Chapter   Four Customs Administration and Trade Facilitation 4
  • Section   A Trade Facilitation 4
  • Article   4.1 Objectives and Principles 4
  • Article   4.2 Transparency 4
  • Article   4.3 Harmonization and Facilitation 4
  • Article   4.4 Use of Automated Systems 4
  • Article   4.5 Risk Management 4
  • Article   4.6 Authorized Economic Operator 4
  • Article   4.7 Release of Goods 4
  • Article   4.8 Express Shipments 4
  • Article   4.9 Advance Rulings 4
  • Article   4.10 Review and Appeal 4
  • Section   B Customs Cooperation and Mutual Assistance 4
  • Article   4.11 Customs Cooperation 4
  • Article   4.12 Mutual Administrative Assistance In Customs Matters 4
  • Article   4.13 Form and Substance of Requests for Assistance 4
  • Article   4.14 Execution of Assistance Requests 4
  • Article   4.15 Exceptions to the Obligation to Provide Assistance 4
  • Article   4.16 Information Exchange and Confidentiality 4
  • Article   4.17 Experts and Witnesses 4
  • Article   4.18 Assistance Expenses 4
  • Article   4.19 Bilateral Customs Consultation 4
  • Article   4.20 Confidentiality 4
  • Article   4.21 Customs Committee 5
  • Article   4.22 Implementation 5
  • Section   C Definitions 5
  • Article   4.23 Definitions 5
  • Chapter   Five Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 5
  • Article   5.1 Objective 5
  • Article   5.2 Scope 5
  • Article   5.3 Rights and Obligations 5
  • Article   5.4 Risk Assessment 5
  • Article   5.5 Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures 5
  • Chapter   Six Technical Barriers to Trade 5
  • Article   6.1 Objectives 5
  • Article   6.2 General Provision 5
  • Article   6.3 Scope of Application 5
  • Article   6.4 International Standards 5
  • Article   6.5 Equivalence of Technical Regulations 5
  • Article   6.6 Conformity Assessment Procedures 5
  • Article   6.7 Transparency 5
  • Article   6.8 Joint Cooperation 5
  • Article   6.9 Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade 5
  • Article   6.10 Information Exchange 5
  • Article   6.11 Definitions 5
  • Article   6.12 Border Control and Market Surveillance 5
  • Chapter   Seven Trade Remedies 5
  • Section   A Safeguard Measures 5
  • Article   7.1 Application of a Safeguard Measure 5
  • Article   7.2 Standards for a Safeguard Measure 5
  • Article   7.3 Provisional Measures 6
  • Article   7.4 Compensation 6
  • Article   7.5 Global Safeguard Measures 6
  • Article   7.6 Definitions 6
  • Section   B Anti-dumping and Countervailing Measures 6
  • Article   7.7 Anti-dumping and Countervailing Measures 6
  • Article   7.8 Notification and Consultations 6
  • Article   7.9 Dispute Settlement 6
  • Chapter   Eight  Investment 6
  • Section   A  Investment 6
  • Article   8.1 Scope  (1) 6
  • Article   8.2 Relation to other Chapters 6
  • Article   8.3 National Treatment 6
  • Article   8.4 Most-favored-nation Treatment  (2) 6
  • Article   8.5 Minimum Standard of Treatment  (3) 6
  • Article   8.6 Losses and Compensation 6
  • Article   8.7 Expropriation and Compensation  (4) 6
  • Article   8.8 Transfers  (6) 6
  • Article   8.9 Performance Requirements 6
  • Article   8.10 Senior Management and Boards of Directors 7
  • Article   8.11 Investment and Environment 7
  • Article   8.12 Denial of Benefits 7
  • Article   8.13 Non-conforming Measures 7
  • Article   8.14 Special Formalities and Information Requirements 7
  • Article   8.15 Subrogation 7
  • Section   B Investor-State Dispute Settlement 7
  • Article   8.16 Settlement of Investment Disputes between a Party and an Investor of the other Party 7
  • Article   8.17 Consultation and Negotiation 7
  • Article   8.18 Submission of a Claim 7
  • Article   8.19 Consent of Each Party to Arbitration 7
  • Article   8.20 Conditions and Limitations on Consent of Each Party 7
  • Article   8.21 Constitution of an Arbitral Tribunal 7
  • Article   8.22 Conduct of the Arbitration 7
  • Article   8.23 Governing Law 7
  • Article   8.24 Expert Reports 7
  • Article   8.25 Consolidation 7
  • Article   8.26 Awards 7
  • Article   8.27 Service of Documents 7
  • Section   C Definitions 7
  • Article   8.28 Definitions 7
  • Chapter   Nine Cross-border Trade In Services 8
  • Article   9.1 Scope 8
  • Article   9.2 National Treatment 8
  • Article   9.3 Most-favored-nation Treatment  (2) 8
  • Article   9.4 Market Access 8
  • Article   9.5 Local Presence 8
  • Article   9.6 Non-conforming Measures 8
  • Article   9.7 Domestic Regulation 8
  • Article   9.8 Transparency In Developing and Applying Regulations  (6) 8
  • Article   9.9 Recognition 8
  • Article   9.10 Payments and Transfers  (7) 8
  • Article   9.11 Denial of Benefits 8
  • Article   9.12 Work Program on Financial Services 8
  • Article   9.13 Definitions 8
  • Chapter   Ten Temporary Entry for Business Persons 8
  • Article   10.1 General Principles 8
  • Article   10.2 General Obligations 8
  • Article   10.3 Grant of Temporary Entry 8
  • Article   10.4 Provision of Information 8
  • Article   10.5 Working Group 8
  • Article   10.6 Contact Points 8
  • Article   10.7 Dispute Settlement 8
  • Article   10.8 Relation to other Chapters 8
  • Article   10.9 Transparency In Development and Application of Regulations 9
  • Article   10.10 Definitions 9
  • Chapter   Eleven Telecommunications 9
  • Article   11.1 Scope and Coverage 9
  • Section   A Access to and Use of Public Telecommunications Transport Networks and Services 9
  • Article   11.2 Access to and Use of Public Telecommunications Transport Networks and Services  (1) 9
  • Section   B Additional Obligations Relating to Major Suppliers of Public Telecommunications Transport Networks and Services 9
  • Article   11.3 Treatment by Major Suppliers 9
  • Article   11.4 Competitive Safeguards 9
  • Article   11.5 Interconnection 9
  • Article   11.6 Resale 9
  • Article   11.7 Unbundling of Network Elements 9
  • Section   C Other Measures 9
  • Article   11.8 Conditions for the Supply of Value-added Services 9
  • Article   11.9 Independent Regulatory Bodies 9
  • Article   11.10 Universal Service 9
  • Article   11.11 Licensing Process 9
  • Article   11.12 Allocation and Use of Scarce Resources 9
  • Article   1113 Resolution of Telecommunications Disputes  (5) 9
  • Article   11.14 Transparency 9
  • Article   11.15 Relationship to other Chapters 9
  • Article   11.16 Technical Cooperation 9
  • Article   11.17 Definitions 9
  • Chapter   Twelve Electronic Commerce 10
  • Article   12.1 Objectives and Principles 10
  • Article   12.2 Customs Duties 10
  • Article   12.3 Online Personal Data Protection 10
  • Article   12.4 Paperless Trade Administration 10
  • Article   12.5 Consumer Protection 10
  • Article   12.6 Cooperation 10
  • Article   12.7 Relation to other Chapters 10
  • Article   12.8 Definitions 10
  • Chapter   Thirteen Competition and Consumer Policy 10
  • Article   13.1 Objectives 10
  • Article   13.2 Implementation 10
  • Article   13.3 Cooperation 10
  • Article   13.4 Notifications 10
  • Article   13.5 Consultations 10
  • Article   13.6 Technical Assistance 10
  • Article   13.7 Confidentiality 10
  • Article   13.8 Cooperation on Consumer Protection 10
  • Article   13.9 State Enterprises and Designated Monopolies 10
  • Article   13.10 Dispute Settlement 10
  • Article   13.11 Definitions 10
  • Chapter   Fourteen Government Procurement 10
  • Article   14.1 Scope of Application 10
  • Article   14.2 Exceptions 10
  • Article   14.3 General Principles 10
  • Article   14.4 Information on the Procurement System 10
  • Article   14.5 Publication of Notices 10
  • Article   14.6 Conditions for Participation 11
  • Article   14.7 Registration and Qualification of Suppliers 11
  • Article   14.8 Time-period 11
  • Article   14.9 Information on Intended Procurement 11
  • Article   14.10 Limited Tendering 11
  • Article   14.11 Electronic Auctions 11
  • Article   14.12 Treatment of Tenders and Awarding of Contracts 11
  • Article   14.13 Post-award Information 11
  • Article   14.14 Domestic Review Procedures 11
  • Article   14.15 Rectifications and Modifications to Coverage 11
  • Article   14.16 Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises' Participation 12
  • Article   14.17 Cooperation 12
  • Article   14.18 Committee on Government Procurement 12
  • Article   14.19 Further Negotiations 12
  • Article   14.20 Definitions 12
  • Chapter   Fifteen Intellectual Property Rights 12
  • Article   15.1 Objectives 12
  • Article   15.2 Observance of International Obligations 12
  • Article   15.3 More Extensive Protection 12
  • Article   15.4 Basic Principles 12
  • Article   15.5 General Provisions 12
  • Article   15.6 Trademarks 12
  • Article   15.7 Copyright and Related Rights 12
  • Article   15.8 Enforcement 12
  • Article   15.9 Special Requirements Related to Border Measures 12
  • Article   15.10 Technology Transfer and Cooperation 12
  • Chapter   Sixteen Trade and Sustainable Development 12
  • Article   16.1 Context and Objectives 13
  • Article   16.2 Scope 13
  • Section   A Environment 13
  • Article   16.3 General Principles 13
  • Article   16.4 Specific Commitments 13
  • Article   16.5 Biological Diversity 13
  • Section   B Labor 13
  • Article   16.6 General Principles 13
  • Article   16.7 Specific Commitments 13
  • Section   C General Provisions 13
  • Article   16.8 Enforcement of Laws 13
  • Article   16.9 Procedural Guarantee 13
  • Article   16.10 Transparency 13
  • Article   16.11 Council on Sustainable Development 13
  • Article   1612 Contact Point 13
  • Article   16.13 Consultations 13
  • Section   D Cooperation 13
  • Article   16.14 Cooperation 13
  • Annex 16-A  Cooperation 13
  • Chapter   Seventeen Cooperation 13
  • Article   17.1 Scope and Objectives 13
  • Article   17.2 Methods and Means 13
  • Article   17.3 Agricultural Cooperation 13
  • Article   17.4 Fisheries and Aquaculture Cooperation 13
  • Article   17.5 Forestry Cooperation 13
  • Article   17.6 Maritime Transport Cooperation 13
  • Article   17.7 Information and Communications Technology Cooperation 14
  • Article   17.8 Energy and Mineral Resources Cooperation 14
  • Article   17.9 Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Cooperation 14
  • Article   17.10 Industrial and Commercial Cooperation 14
  • Article   17.11 Science and Technology Cooperation 14
  • Article   17.12 Tourism Cooperation 14
  • Article   17.13 Cultural Cooperation 14
  • Article   17.14 Identification, Development, Follow-up and Monitoring Initiatives of Cooperation 14
  • Chapter   Eighteen Transparency 14
  • Article   18.1 Publication 14
  • Article   18.2 Notification and Provision of Information 14
  • Article   18.3 Administrative Proceedings 14
  • Article   18.4 Review and Appeal 14
  • Article   18.5 Definitions 14
  • Chapter   Nineteen Institutional Provisions 14
  • Article   19.1 Joint Commission 14
  • Article   19.2 Contact Points 15
  • Chapter   Twenty Dispute Settlement 15
  • Article   20.1 Cooperation 15
  • Article   20.2 Scope of Application 15
  • Article   20.3 Choice of Forum 15
  • Article   20.4 Consultations 15
  • Article   20.5 Referral to the Joint Commission 15
  • Article   20.6 Good Offices, Conciliation, or Mediation 15
  • Article   20.7 Establishment of Panel 15
  • Article   20.8 Rules of Procedure 15
  • Article   20.9 Panel Report 15
  • Article   20.10 Implementation of the Final Report 15
  • Article   20.11 Non-implementation and Suspension of Benefits 15
  • Article   20.12 Compliance Review 15
  • Annex 20-A  Code of Conduct 15
  • Annex 20-B  Model Rules of Procedure 15
  • Chapter   Twenty-One Exceptions 16
  • Article   21.1 General Exceptions 16
  • Article   21.2 Essential Security 16
  • Article   21.3 Taxation 16
  • Article   21.4 Disclosure of Information 16
  • Chapter   Twenty-Two Final Provisions 16
  • Article   22.1 Annexes, Appendices, and Footnotes 16
  • Article   22.2 Amendments 16
  • Article   22.3 Amendment of the WTO Agreement 16
  • Article   22.4 Entry Into Force 16
  • Article   22.5 Termination 16
  • Article   22.6 Provisional Application 16
  • Article   22.7 Authentic Texts 16
  • Annex I  Explanatory Notes 16
  • Annex I  Schedule of Colombia 16
  • Annex I  Schedule of Korea 18
  • Annex II  Explanatory Notes 20
  • Annex II  Schedule of Colombia 20
  • Annex II  Schedule of Korea 20